Effects of glucocorticoids on postoperative delirium in patients undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery:A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is common postoperative complications in non-cardiac surgery. While delirium prophylaxis has not yielded unequivocal support. The clinical effects of glucocorticoids on POD remains unclear.

TMT-based proteomic analysis of radiation lung injury in rats.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common adverse effect of radiation therapy that negatively affects treatment progression and the quality of life of patients. Identifying biomarkers for RILI can provide reference for the prevention and treatment of RILI in clinical practice. In this study, to explore key proteins related to RILI, we constructed a rat model of RILI and analyzed RILI tissues and normal lung tissues using tandem mass spectrometry labeling and quantitative proteomics technology.

Atractylenolide-III restrains cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction via suppression of the RhoA/ROCK1 and ERK1/2 pathway.

Background: Cardiac fibrosis, a critical factor in myocardial remodeling post-myocardial infarction (MI), can advance heart failure progression. Atractylenolide III (ATL-III), derived from Atractylodes lancea, has recognized antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects; however, its influence on cardiac fibrosis remains unclear.

Methods: MI was induced in mice by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, followed by 2 weeks of ATL-III or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) treatment.

Causal association between cardiovascular risk factors and common skin diseases: A multivariate Mendelian randomization study.

Cardiovascular diseases and dermatological conditions are prevalent health issues worldwide. Previous studies have suggested that risk factors for cardiovascular diseases may be associated with the development of dermatological conditions. However, the causal association between these factors remain unclear.

Osteogenesis promotion on MC3T3 by micro-area potential difference (MAPD) on titanium alloy.

The ability of osseointegration of implants is an important factor in ensuring the long-term stability of bone implants in their recipient sites. In this paper, Ti-M titanium alloys with different surface micro-area potential difference (MAPD) were prepared and the adhesion, proliferation, spreading, and differentiation behavior of osteoblasts (MC3T3) on the surface of Ti-M alloy were investigated in detail to reveal the effect of MAPD on cell compatibility and osteogenic differentiation. The results showed that the alloy with high MAPD facilitated bone differentiation, demonstrating that MAPD significantly enhanced the alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization ability of osteoblasts, and upregulated the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related factors.

Platelet-rich fibrin in dentistry.

Objectives: To review the progress of Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) as a biomaterial in dentistry and to highlight its promising application as a safe and biocompatible autologous platelet concentrate. Publications were searched in GeenMedical, X-mol, GoogleScholar, and PubMed from October 2024 with no language restrictions. The literature was searched for relevant databases and journals on the use of PRFs in dentistry up to October 2024, and the inclusion criteria included randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, case series, and systematic reviews.

Dosimetric comparison of gamma knife and linear accelerator (VMAT and IMRT) plans of SBRT of Lung tumours.

This study evaluates dosimetric differences in Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) for lung tumors using plans of Gamma Knife, and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT), Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) plans based on Linear Accelerator, aiming to inform the reader of appropriate treatment strategy selection. Ten patients with 23 lung tumor lesions treated with SBRT at Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University were analyzed. Plans of Gamma Knife, and VMAT, IMRT plans based on Linear Accelerator were created for each lesion, totaling 18 plans per type.

Identification of ferroptosis biomarkers and immune infiltration landscapes in atrial fibrillation: A bioinformatics analysis.

Ferroptosis has been recognized as a critical factor in the development of atrial fibrillation (AF), but its precise mechanisms remain unclear. We downloaded the GSE115574 dataset from the gene expression omnibus database to analyze the expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) machine learning techniques were employed to identify key genes associated with AF.

Distribution characteristics of Purkinje fibres in the canine left ventricle.

Purkinje-related ventricular arrhythmias have been increasingly reported, and with the development of catheter ablation techniques, intervention for Purkinje-related arrhythmias has been shown to be effective. The characteristics of Purkinje fibres orientation in the 12 canine left ventricles were observed at a gross level by staining the endocardium with Lugol's solution. Purkinje fibres were observed microscopically by HE, Masson's, PAS glycogen, and Cx40 immunohistochemical staining.

Elucidating ferroptosis mechanisms in heart failure through transcriptomics, single-cell sequencing, and experimental validation.

Background: The mechanisms underlying ferroptosis in heart failure (HF) remain incompletely understood.

Methods: This study analyzed the heart failure dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus to identify differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DFRGs). Key DFRGs were selected using LASSO regression and SVM-RFE machine learning techniques.

Causal role of gut microbiota, serum metabolites, immunophenotypes in myocarditis: a mendelian randomization study.

Background: The intricate relationship among gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and immunophenotypes may significantly impact myocarditis. However, direct causal links between these domains and myocarditis are not well understood.

Methods: The study performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genetic data from public sources.

tRF-Leu reverse breast cancer cells chemoresistance by regulation of BIRC5.

Objective: Accumulating studies reported the crucial roles of tRFs in tumorigenesis. However, their further mechanisms and clinical values remains unclear. This study aimed at the further investigation of tRF-Leu in breast cancer chemotherapy resistance.

Artificial intelligence algorithms permits rapid acute kidney injury risk classification of patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate several artificial intelligence (AI) models to identify acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients at an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) during hospitalization.

Methods: Included were patients diagnosed with AMI from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) III and IV databases. Two cohorts of AMI patients from Changzhou Second People's Hospital and Xuzhou Center Hospital were used for external validation of the models.

Celastrol alleviates secondary brain injury following intracerebral haemorrhage by inhibiting neuronal ferroptosis and blocking blood-brain barrier disruption.

Background: Following recent research advancements, an increasing level of evidence had been published to indicate that celastrol exerted a therapeutic effect on a range of nervous system diseases. This study therefore aimed to investigate the potential involvement of celastrol on ferroptosis and the blood-brain barrier disruption in intracerebral haemorrhage.

Methods: We established a rat intracerebral haemorrhage and adrenal pheochromocytoma cell (PC12) OxyHb models using an ACSL4 overexpression vector.

Exploring the bidirectional causal association between Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Depression: A Mendelian randomization study involving gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and inflammatory factors.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the potential causal association between Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) and Depression, focusing on the roles of gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and inflammatory factors in these conditions.

Methods: Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was performed using data from genome-wide association studies to assess 211 types of gut microbiota, 1400 serum metabolites, and 91 inflammatory factors as potential contributing factors. Causal inference was conducted using the Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method, with additional robustness checks through Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger regression intercept test, MR-PRESSO global test, and leave-one-out analysis.

Cigarette smoke-induced exosomal miR-221-3p facilitates M1 macrophage polarization via the STAT3 pathway in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Aims: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is marked by irreversible airflow limitations stemming from small airway constriction and lung emphysema. The advancement of COPD is greatly influenced by the M1 polarization of macrophages. The mechanisms governing macrophage polarization in inflammation conditions in COPD are not yet fully understood.

Brain structural changes in diabetic retinopathy patients: a combined voxel-based morphometry and surface-based morphometry study.

The aim of this study was to investigate alterations in gray matter structure among individuals diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study included a cohort of 32 diabetic patients with retinopathy (DR group, n = 32) and 38 healthy adults (HC group, n = 38). Both cohorts underwent comprehensive psychological and cognitive assessments alongside structural magnetic resonance imaging.

Explore the genetic exposure to alopecia areata.

Background: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune hair loss disorder with an incompletely understood etiology. Although trace elements, serum metabolites, and inflammatory factors are implicated in the disease, the potential causal relationships between these factors and alopecia areata require further investigation.

Methods: This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR), utilizing data from genome-wide association studies, to explore the causal relationships between 15 trace elements, 1400 serum metabolites, and 91 inflammatory factors and alopecia areata.

Effect of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Prognosis in Diabetic Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The present meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on the prognosis of diabetes patients who experienced acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This investigation encompassed an array of clinical endpoints, comprising cardiovascular death, myocardial reinfarction, all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and rehospitalization.

Methods: The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Early inhibition of the ATM/p53 pathway reduces the susceptibility to atrial fibrillation and atrial remodeling following acute myocardial infarction.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) emerges as a critical complication following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and is associated with a significant increased risk of heart failure, stroke and mortality. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a key player in DNA damage repair (DDR), has been implicated in multiple cardiovascular conditions, however, its involvement in the development of AF following AMI remains unexplored. This study seeks to clarify the contribution of the ATM/p53 pathway in the onset of AF post-AMI and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.