Thermodynamic, kinetic, and equilibrium studies of Cu(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), and Pb(II) ion biosorption onto treated Ageratum conyzoid biomass.

The issue of environmental contamination, particularly caused by the existence of heavy metal particles, is a major and widely recognized subject that receives substantial global attention. The remediation of Cu(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), and Pb(II) ionic metal particles from synthetic wastewater using chemically treated plant leaves of Ageratum conyzoides (TAC) as a biosorbent was investigated. The biosorption process was implemented utilizing a batch system, wherein several operational parameters were considered, including temperature, pH, agitation time, biosorbent dosage, and initial concentration of the metal ion.

Simultaneous determination of bromoxynil and MCPA in commercial samples and raw materials using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography.

This study encompasses a quick, efficient, repeatable and reproducible analytical method for simultaneous determination of Bromoxynil (3, 5-Dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) and MCPA (2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) using RP-HPLC with UV-Detector. Bromoxynil + MCPA is one of the most selective post emergent herbicide formulations for the control of important broad leaf weeds infesting small grains (wheat, barley, oats, rye), conservation reserve program areas and grass grown for seed. Optimum weed control is achieved when Bromoxynil + MCPA is applied to actively growing weed seedlings.

Diversity and biological characteristics of macrofungi of district Bajaur, a remote area of Pakistan in the Hindu Kush range.

The present study was carried out to document the diversity and ecological characteristics of macrofungi of Bajaur, Pakistan. The diversity of macrofungi comprised 51 species belonging to 22 families and 37 genera. The families Agaricaceae (7 species) and Psathyrellaceae (7 species) were found dominant followed by Tricholomataceae (4 species), Fomitopsidaceae and Polyporaceae (4 species each) and Amanitaceae (3 species).

Cardiac electro-mechanical activity in a deforming human cardiac tissue: modeling, existence-uniqueness, finite element computation and application to multiple ischemic disease.

In this study, the cardiac electro-mechanical model in a deforming domain is taken with the addition of mechanical feedback and stretch-activated channel current coupled with the ten Tusscher human ventricular cell level model that results in a coupled PDE-ODE system. The existence and uniqueness of such a coupled system in a deforming domain is proved. At first, the existence of a solution is proved in the deformed domain.

Structural characterization and antileishmanial activity of newly synthesized organo-bismuth(V) carboxylates: experimental and molecular docking studies.

In a quest to discover new formulations for the treatment of various parasitic diseases, a series of heteroleptic triorganobismuth(V) biscarboxylates of type [BiR(OCR')], where R=CH for 1-4 and p-CHCH for 5-8, were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for their biological potential against L. tropica. All the synthesized complexes were fully characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, multinuclear (H and C) NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography.

A comparative study of estimators in multilevel linear models.

Multilevel Models are widely used in organizational research, educational research, epidemiology, psychology, biology and medical fields. In this paper, we recommend the situations where Bootstrap procedures through Minimum Norm Quadratic Unbiased Estimator (MINQUE) can be extremely handy than that of Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) in multilevel level linear regression models. In our simulation study the bootstrap by means of MINQUE is superior to REML in conditions where normality does not hold.

Emodin - A natural anthraquinone derivative with diverse pharmacological activities.

Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-anthraquinone) is a natural anthraquinone derivative that is present in numerous globally renowned herbal medicines. It is recognised as a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor and as an anticancer drug, active against various tumour cells, including lung, breast, liver, and ovarian cancer cells. Recently, its role in combination chemotherapy with various allopathic medicines, to minimize their toxicity and to enhance their efficacy, has been studied.

Foliar architecture and physio-biochemical plasticity determines survival of Typha domingensis pers. Ecotypes in nickel and salt affected soil.

Six ecotypes of Typha domingensis Pers. Jahlar (E), Sheikhupura (E), Sahianwala (E), Gatwala (E), Treemu (E) and Knotti (E) from different ecological regions were collected to evaluate the leaf anatomical and biochemical attributes under different levels of salinity and nickel stress viz; L (control), L (100 mM + 50 mg kg), L (200 mM + 100 mg kg) and L (300 mM + 150 mg kg). Presence of salt and Ni in rooting medium consistently affected growth, anatomical and physio-biochemical attributes in all Typha ecotypes.

Lignin: Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Applications.

Lignin is an abundant renewable natural biopolymer. Moreover, a significant development in lignin pretreatment and processing technologies has opened a new window to explore lignin and lignin-based bionanomaterials. In the last decade, lignin has been widely explored in different applications such as drug and gene delivery, tissue engineering, food science, water purification, biofuels, environmental, pharmaceuticals, nutraceutical, catalysis, and other interesting low-value-added energy applications.

Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs): Properties, Synthesis and their Advanced Energy, Environmental and Biomedical Applications.

Inducing plasmonic characteristics, primarily localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), in conventional AuNPs through particle size and shape control could lead to a significant enhancement in electrical, electrochemical, and optical properties. Synthetic protocols and versatile fabrication methods play pivotal roles to produced plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which can be employed in multipurpose energy, environmental and biomedical applications. The main focus of this review is to provide a comprehensive and tutorial overview of various synthetic methods to design highly plasmonic AuNPs, along with a brief essay to understand the experimental procedure for each technique.

Adsorption, kinetics and thermodynamics studies of methyl orange dye sequestration through chitosan composites films.

Different films comprising pure chitosan (CS) and chitosan coated sodium zeolites composites films designated as CSZ1, CSZ2, CSZ3 and CSZ4 respectively are presented here for the sequestration of MO dye. The as-synthesized films were characterized by using FSESM, XPS XRD, and TGA analysis. The sequestration of methyl orange dye (MO) was studied under various adsorption parameters i.

Response of periphytic biofilm in water to estrone exposure: Phenomenon and mechanism.

The responses of pure strains to contaminant (i.e., estrone, E1) exposure have been widely studied.

Tryptophan conjugated magnetic nanoparticles for targeting tumors overexpressing indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) and L-type amino acid transporter.

Tryptophan is an amino acid required by all life forms for protein synthesis and other important metabolic functions. It is metabolized in the body using the kynurenine pathway which involves the enzyme indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) and its transport is regulated through the L-type amino acid transporters (LAT 1). IDO and LAT 1 are found to be overexpressed in many cancers i.

In silico authentication of amygdalin as a potent anticancer compound in the bitter kernels of family Rosaceae.

Amygdalin a naturally occurring compound, predominantly in the bitter kernels of apricot, almond, apple and other members of Rosaceae family. Though, amygdalin is used as an alternative therapy to treat various types of cancer but its role in cancer pathways has rarely been explored yet. Therefore, present study was intended with the aim to investigate the alleged anti-cancerous effects of amygdalin specifically on PI3K-AKT-mTOR and Ras pathways of cancer in human body.

In-silico elucidation of phytochemicals against diabetes mellitus.

is also known as "Miracle tree", due to its multiple uses and adaptability. Because of nutritive and pharmacological values, it is widely cultivated across the world. leaves are rich source of minerals, vitamins and many health beneficial secondary metabolites, and possess significant anti-diabetic potential.

Quantitative Ethnobotanical Study of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants Used by the Tribal Communities of Gokand Valley, District Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

The current study on the traditional use of medicinal plants was carried out from February 2018 to March 2020, in Gokand Valley, District Buner, Pakistan. The goal was to collect, interpret, and evaluate data on the application of medicinal plants. Along with comprehensive notes on individual plants species, we calculated Use Value (UV), Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), Use Report (UR), Fidelity Level (FL), Informant Consensus Factor (FCI), as well as Family Importance Value (FIV).

Proteomic Analysis of Medicinal Plant Calotropis Gigantea by In Silico Peptide Mass Fingerprinting.

Unlabelled: Medicinal plants are the basic source of medicinal compounds traditionally used for the treatment of human diseases. Calotropis gigantea is a medicinal plant belonging to the family of Apocynaceae in the plant kingdom and subfamily Asclepiadaceae usually bearing multiple medicinal properties to cure a variety of diseases.

Background: The Peptide Mass Fingerprinting (PMF) identifies the proteins from a reference protein database by comparing the amino acid sequence that is previously stored in the database and identified.

Subtractive Proteome Mining Approach towards Unique Putative Drug Targets Identification for Salmonella typhimurium.

Background: Salmonella typhimurium is a rod-shaped bacteria with a Gram-negative genus, belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family of microbes, which invades the intestinal lumen of Human. Salmonella typhimurium is a root source, accounting for gastroenteritis in humans as well as in other mammals. Gastroenteritisis associated with Salmonella Typhimurium interacts with the contaminated food and water and spreads to nearby people in the area.

Micro-morphological, environmental and phytochemical investigation of herbal medicines by using LM and SEM: A quality control tool.

The use of quality control tool for authentication of Jadwar (Delphinium denudatum Wall. ex Hook.f.

Upper And Lower Limbs Disability And Personality Traits.

Background: It is believed that the study of personality has the potentials to enhance our prognostic abilities and can better to expose the etiology of mental illness through the relationship of revealed mechanisms. The focus of this study was to investigate and compare the habitual patterns of behavior, thought and emotions of upper and lower limb physically disabled students in terms of personality traits.

Methods: This cross sectional study consisted of 100 upper limbs and lower limbs disabled students taken from Kingston school Inclusive Education System Abottabad, Mashal special education system Haripur, Syed Ahmed Shaheed special education center Abottabad, Al-Munir Foundation Mansehra and Hera Special Education System Haripur and 100 normal students taken from Islamic International School Abottabad, Falcon Public School Haripur, Iqra Academy Mansehra and Alhamd International School Haripur of Hazara Division by purposive sampling technique.

Comparative study of various techniques for environmental radon, thoron and progeny measurements.

Long-term average concentrations of radon, thoron and progeny were measured in normal and high background radiation areas in India using different techniques. Radon, thoron and progeny concentrations were measured using Raduet, Pin-Hole dosimeter, deposition-based CR-39 and deposition-based direct radon/thoron progeny sensor (DRPS/DTPS) detector system. All these techniques were used at a same time inside an individual dwelling.

Effect of maturity on phenolics (phenolic acids and flavonoids) profile of strawberry cultivars and mulberry species from Pakistan.

In this study, we investigated how the extent of ripeness affects the yield of extract, total phenolics, total flavonoids, individual flavonols and phenolic acids in strawberry and mulberry cultivars from Pakistan. In strawberry, the yield of extract (%), total phenolics (TPC) and total flavonoids (TFC) ranged from 8.5-53.

Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of transition metal complexes with Schiff bases derived from 2-nitrobenzaldehyde with glycine and methionine.

Schiff bases derived from 2-nitrobenzaldehyde with amino acids (glycine, methionine) and their Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by various physico-chemical techniques. From spectral studies, it has been concluded that the ligands acts as bidentate molecule, coordinates metal through azomethine nitrogen and carboxylate oxygen. Mass spectrum explains the successive degradation of the molecular species in solution and justifies ML(2) complexes.

Synthesis and characterization of bioactive zinc(II) and cadmium(II) complexes with new Schiff bases derived from 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and acetophenone with ethylenediamine.

The new Schiff bases N,N'-bis (4-nitro benzaldehyde) ethylenediamine (L(1)) and N,N'-bis (acetophenone) ethylenediamine (L(2)) and its Zn(II), Cd(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized by different physicochemical studies. Vibrational spectra indicate coordination of metal ion through azomethine nitrogen and acetate/nitrate ions. The presence of water molecule in all the complexes has been supported by TG/DTA studies.

Spectroscopic characterization and biological activity of Zn(II), Cd(II), Sn(II) and Pb(II) complexes with Schiff base derived from pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde and 2-amino phenol.

A new Schiff base 2-aminophenol-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde and its Zn(II), Cd(II), Sn(II) and Pb(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by various physicochemical studies. Spectral studies (IR and (1)H NMR) indicate deprotonation and coordination of phenolic oxygen along with binding of pyrrole nitrogen, azomethine nitrogen and anion with metal ions. The presence of lattice water molecule(s) has also been confirmed by TG/DTA studies.