Dermoscopic findings in chronic venous insufficiency.

Background: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) causes cutaneous changes. This prospective observational study reveals dermoscopic findings in CVI.

Methods: Successive CVI patients of ≥18 years were included in the study.

Exploring prospects, hurdles, and road ahead for generative artificial intelligence in orthopedic education and training.

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), characterized by its ability to generate diverse forms of content including text, images, video and audio, has revolutionized many fields, including medical education. Generative AI leverages machine learning to create diverse content, enabling personalized learning, enhancing resource accessibility, and facilitating interactive case studies. This narrative review explores the integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI) into orthopedic education and training, highlighting its potential, current challenges, and future trajectory.

Synthetic MRI derived relaxometry parameters: a new insight into characterization of ring enhancing lesions of brain.

Background And Purpose: Synthetic MRI utilizes the quantitative relaxometry parameters to generate multiple contrast images through a single acquisition. We tried to explore the utility of synthetic MRI derived relaxometry parameters in evaluation of ring enhancing lesions of brain.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective study.

To evaluate the effect of a structured training program about polycystic ovarian syndrome on the knowledge and perception of nursing students of a government nursing teaching institute in Northern India.

Background: The education levels of females have been found to aid in the early detection of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in mitigating the long-term consequences of PCOS. Nursing students are poised to become the next generation of healthcare professionals, equipped with valuable knowledge that can be utilized to increase awareness among their peers and patients, particularly about this critical subject matter.

Prevalence of self-reported symptoms of reproductive tract infections and promoting an awareness of reproductive health among adolescent girls through education approach in Kumbakonam rural region of Tamil Nadu state.

Introduction: Adolescent females in India particularly from rural areas indicate sparse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information and are at risk of unfavourable sexual and reproductive health outcomes.

Objectives: The study was primarily intended to assess the effect of structured interventional education on awareness and practices of school-going adolescent girls about sexual and reproductive health.

Methods: This was an interventional study comprising of interactive strategies, namely peer-led approach, flipped learning, skit, scenario-based discussion and puppetry.

Remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Emerging concepts and proposed diagnostic criteria.

The remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a topic that has been widely discussed recently, and it gives new hope for people with T2DM. Achievement of normal blood glucose levels or levels below the diagnostic threshold for T2DM without pharmacotherapy among people with T2DM after metabolic surgery and carbohydrate or calorie-restricted diet paved the way for more enthusiastic research in this area. There is a lot of confusion regarding the appropriate terminology and definition of remission of T2DM.

Health literacy and tobacco cessation among hypertensive individuals: A mixed method study.

Background: Hypertension and tobacco addiction are two major public health challenges in India that frequently coexist. About 30% of Indian adults have hypertension, while over one-fourth use some form of tobacco. So, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of tobacco consumption and identify associated socio-demographic factors among hypertensive patients in urban India and also further explored patient perspectives regarding tobacco use through qualitative interviews.

Comparing skills-based and lecture-based education on female adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding menstrual health in puberty: A quasi-experimental study.

Background: Improving the health knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of female adolescents during puberty is essential for their well-being, empowerment, and prospects. To compare the effects of skills-based versus lecture-based education on KAP regarding menstrual health among adolescent girls in Gujarat, India.

Materials And Methods: A quasi-experimental study with 100 girls aged 12-16 years assigned to skills-based (n = 50) or lecture-based (n = 50) 8-week puberty education programs.

MONARCH Inventory for Causal Attribution in Homeopathy Case Reports: Explanation and Elaboration.

Background:  The Modified Naranjo Criteria for Homeopathy (MONARCH) inventory is a novel and useful tool for assessing the likelihood of a causal relationship between the homeopathic intervention and the ultimate clinical outcome.

Objectives:  To explain and elaborate on the use of the MONARCH inventory to improve its consistency of use and thereby elevate the overall quality and evidentiary value of homeopathy case reports.

Explanation And Elaboration:  Each of the 10 MONARCH inventory domains is explained and elaborated with the aid of references from published literature and hypothetical clinical situations.

Impact of maternal thyroid dysfunction on fetal and maternal outcomes in pregnancy: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy can adversely impact maternal and fetal outcomes. However, the association between thyroid status and specific adverse outcomes needs clarity, especially in understudied regions.

Objective: This prospective cohort study aimed to illuminate the multifaceted associations between maternal thyroid dysfunction and feto-maternal outcomes in Gujarat, India.

A prospective, multicentre study evaluating safety and efficacy of a fixed dose combination of Remogliflozin etabonate, Vildagliptin, and Metformin in Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (Triad-RMV).

Aims: The ICMR INDIAB-17 study revealed a diabetes prevalence of 11.4% in India, emphasizing the need for effective treatment for glycemic control. A Phase IV study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) of Remogliflozin, Metformin and Vildagliptin (RMV) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients uncontrolled on Metformin plus SGLT2 inhibitor or Metformin plus DPP4 inhibitor dual therapy.

Exploring the antidiabetic activity of potential probiotic bacteria isolated from traditional fermented beverage.

Type 2 Diabetes continues to be one of the major public health issues worldwide without any sustainable cure. The modulation of gut microbiota is believed to be caused by probiotic bacteria and several probiotic strains have previously shown antidiabetic activity. The present study aims to isolate potential probiotic bacteria from traditionally used fermented rice beer of Assam, India and to investigate its anti-hyperglycemic effect.

Ethidium Bromide Degradation by Cold Atmospheric Plasma in Water and the Assessment of Byproduct Toxicity for Environmental Protection.

Ethidium bromide (Et-Br) is a widely used fluorescent dye in molecular biology and biotechnology laboratories for visualizing nucleic acids in agarose gel electrophoresis. However, concerns have been raised about its environmental impact and potential health risks due to its persistence and toxicity. The potential accumulation and long-term effects on the environment necessitate the removal of Et-Br from water.

Comparison of efficacy and safety between palonosetron and ondansetron to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a prevalent and distressing complication, especially in laparoscopic surgeries. This review compares the efficacy and safety of palonosetron and ondansetron in preventing PONV after laparoscopic surgery.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and Cochrane Library to identify comparative studies that reported the efficacy (nausea and vomiting) at three postoperative time points T1 (0-2 hours), T2 (2-6 hours), T3 (6-24 hours) and safety (incidence of adverse effects).

Association of oral cancer site with addiction and sociodemographic characteristics: A cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary health centre.

Introduction: In contemporary epidemic scenarios, oral cancer ranks the top 3 cancer types afflicting the Indian population. The primary risk factors include alcohol consumption, tobacco usage in various forms, such as cigarettes and smokeless tobacco, betelnut chewing, and infection with the human papillomavirus. This article submitted in preprint in medRxiv on 20 February 2024.

The burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors by state in the USA, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 provides a comprehensive assessment of health and risk factor trends at global, regional, national, and subnational levels. This study aims to examine the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors in the USA and highlight the disparities in health outcomes across different states.

Methods: GBD 2021 analysed trends in mortality, morbidity, and disability for 371 diseases and injuries and 88 risk factors in the USA between 1990 and 2021.

Antimicrobial resistance genes and associated mobile genetic elements in Escherichia coli from human, animal and environment.

The global rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to human health. The environment plays an essential role in transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) between human and animal. Bacterial communities harbour diverse ARGs, carried by mobile genetic elements (MGEs) like plasmids and insertion sequences (ISs).

Decoding early-onset of colorectal cancer: Insights into SERPINA3 expression patterns.

Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), recognized as a distinct subgroup with an increased incidence over the past two decades, characterized by its aggressive nature and potentially unique molecular factors that differentiate it from traditional colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we investigated differentially expressed genes in a young-CRC patient using paired-end mRNA-sequencing. Validation of target genes through qRT-PCR highlighted a significant increase in SERPINA3 levels in EOCRC, representing a novel finding.

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of individualized homeopathic medicinal products in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis in children.

Context: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a very common problem in childhood. The prevalence rate varies from 3.5% to 56.