Intercomparison of SWAT and ANN techniques in simulating streamflows in the Astore Basin of the Upper Indus.

The current research work was carried out to simulate monthly streamflow historical record using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) at the Astore Basin, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The performance of SWAT and ANN models was assessed during calibration (1985-2005) and validation (2006-2010) periods via statistical indicators such as coefficient of determination (R), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS), and root-mean-square error (RMSE). R, NSE, PBIAS, and RMSE values for SWAT (ANN with Architecture (2,27,1)) models during calibration are 0.

Animal manure-derived biochars produced via fast pyrolysis for the removal of divalent copper from aqueous media.

Here, we report a pyrolyzed guinea fowl manure-derived biochar (GFM-BC) and cattle manure-derived biochar (CTM-BC) and their use as adsorbent for the removal of divalent copper from aqueous media was evaluated. The BCs physical and chemical properties were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Elemental dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared microscopy (FTIR) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The results presented that the BCs obtained higher content were quite effective for Cu (II) removal with maximum capacities of 43.