Role of Echocardiography in Detecting Left Ventricular Dysfunction Among Diabetic Patients: A Clinical and Biochemical Perspective.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), which can progress to heart failure if undetected. Echocardiography, a non-invasive and cost-effective imaging tool, provides real-time assessment of left ventricular (LV) function and enables early detection of myocardial dysfunction using advanced techniques such as tissue Doppler imaging and strain analysis. Diabetic patients are particularly prone to LVD due to chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation, leading to myocardial fibrosis, microvascular dysfunction, and oxidative stress.