Malpractice or masterful practice? Navigating vicarious liability in healthcare.

In the intricate landscape of healthcare, vicarious liability looms large, shaping the responsibilities and actions of healthcare practitioners and administrators alike. Illustrated by a poignant scenario of a medication error, this article navigates the complexities of vicarious liability in healthcare. It explains the legal basis and ramifications of this theory, emphasizing its importance in fostering responsibility, protecting patient welfare, and easing access to justice.

Comparison of conventional and modified carbo-dissection techniques for LIMA harvesting in CABG.

In coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), the use of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) is considered the gold standard. The conventional technique of using electrocautery for LIMA harvesting is associated with adverse events. In this study, we used a different technique that combined carbon dioxide with electrocautery to harvest LIMA and compared it with the conventional electrocautery method.

Roving pen: minimally invasive mitral surgery.

Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) is revolutionizing the field of cardiothoracic surgery by offering patients less invasive alternatives to conventional sternotomy. This article reviews recent research and studies on the outcomes, challenges, and considerations surrounding MIMVS. Comparative studies reveal that while MIMVS offers advantages such as shorter hospital stays and reduced recovery times, it shows no significant differences in mortality or long-term quality-of-life outcomes compared to traditional methods.

Radiate & Educate: Empowering Future Physicians through an International Radiation Oncology Student Newsletter.

Background: The field of radiation oncology (RO) is frequently overlooked by medical students due to limited exposure during traditional medical school curricula. Initiatives aimed at increasing exposure while creating opportunities for medical student engagement are vital. Here, we present the inception, 1.

Is the curriculum of transfusion medicine in MBBS aligned with practical needs: A point of view of fresh graduates.

Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the satisfaction level of doctors regarding their competence in the blood transfusion process and their reflection on training at the undergraduate level.

Background: Transfusion errors due to suboptimal knowledge and lack of training can lead to grave outcomes. Therefore, to optimize patient care, a thorough understanding of transfusion medicine basics is highly imperative for all medical graduates.

Centering historically minoritized populations to design effective messages about an evidence-based policy to advance social equity.

Researchers have raised concerns that messages describing racial disparities in social outcomes can reduce or polarize support for public policies to address inequality. We questioned this assumption by testing the impact of carefully crafted messages about child tax credit (CTC) expansion. We conducted two randomized message trials, study 1 using Prolific's nonprobability panel ( = 1,402) and study 2 using SSRS's Opinion Panel, a web-based probability sample of US adults ( = 4,483).

Loeffler's Syndrome Induced by the Transmigration of Strongyloides stercoralis to the Lungs: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Loeffler's syndrome is a rare, benign respiratory disease usually associated with peripheral eosinophilia, first described by Wilhelm Loeffler in 1932. It is caused by the larvae of helminths such as hookworms, , and S that transmigrate through the lungs during the active phase of infection. We present a case of a 53-year-old man who complained of a productive cough with intermittent hemoptysis and left-sided posterior chest pain.

Comparative Effects of Basil Seed Consumption and Endurance Exercise on Irisin, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α), and Leptin Levels: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background and objective There is growing concern regarding metabolic and inflammatory disorders globally, underscoring the need for effective nonpharmacological interventions. Irisin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and leptin are biomarkers of metabolic and inflammatory health. In this study, we aimed to investigate the comparative effects of basil seed supplementation or endurance exercise on biomarkers of chronic oxidative stress.

Coding intensity variation in Medicare Advantage.

Enrollment in Medicare Advantage (MA) plans rose to over 50% of eligible Medicare patients in 2023. Payments to MA plans incorporate risk scores that are largely based on patient diagnoses from the prior year, which incentivizes MA plans to code diagnoses more intensively. We estimated coding inflation rates for individual MA contracts using a method that allows for differential selection into contracts based on patient health.

Korean Gastric Cancer Association-Led Nationwide Survey on Surgically Treated Gastric Cancers in 2023.

Purpose: Since 1995, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA) has been periodically conducting nationwide surveys on patients with surgically treated gastric cancer. This study details the results of the survey conducted in 2023.

Materials And Methods: The survey was conducted from March to December 2024 using a standardized case report form.

Biosafety and Withdrawal Period of In-Feed Administered Antiparasitic Drug Emamectin Benzoate in Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822).

Parasitic infestations are one of the most economically important disease conditions in the Indian major carps including mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala. This study reported the biosafety and tissue withdrawal of in-feed administered antiparasitic drug, emamectin benzoate (EMB). To evaluate the biosafety of the drug, behaviour, growth and tissue changes in Cirrhinus mrigala was recorded the following in-feed administration of EMB up to 10 times (T1-50 μg kg fish day (1×), T2-125 μg kg fish day (2.

Neural deterioration and compensation in visual short-term memory among individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Introduction: Visual short-term memory (VSTM) is a critical indicator of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but whether its neural substrates could adapt to early disease progression and contribute to cognitive resilience in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) has been unclear.

Methods: Fifty-five aMCI patients and 68 normal controls (NC) performed a change-detection task and underwent multimodal neuroimaging scanning.

Results: Among the atrophic brain regions in aMCI, VSTM performance correlated with the volume of the right prefrontal cortex (PFC) but not the medial temporal lobe (MTL), and this correlation was mainly present in patients with greater MTL atrophy.

Clinical Relevance of 'Cap' and 'Track' Development after Recent Small Subcortical Infarct.

Objective: After a recent small subcortical infarct (RSSI), some patients develop perilesional or remote hyperintensities ('caps/tracks') to the index infarct on T2/FLAIR MRI. However, their clinical relevance remains unclear. We investigated the clinicoradiological correlates of 'caps/tracks', and their impact on long-term outcomes following RSSI.

Pharmaceutical Salts: Comprehensive Insights From Fundamental Chemistry to FDA Approvals (2019-2023).

Pharmaceutical salts are a cornerstone in drug development, offering a robust, economical, and industry-friendly option for improving the crucial physicochemical properties of drugs, particularly solubility and dissolution. This review article explores all critical aspects of salt formation, including its importance, the basic chemistry involved, the principles governing counterion selection, the range of counterions used, and the methods for preparing salts along with their advantages and limitations. Additionally, it explores analytical techniques for confirming salt formation and the different approaches various countries adopt in considering new salts as intellectual property.

Current status and strategies to strengthen paediatric kidney replacement therapy in Nepal.

Paediatric dialysis services have been available in Nepal for three decades but are limited to a few tertiary referral centres in major cities. The availability of a small number of paediatric nephrologists, an increasing number of adult nephrologists, and a modest increase in dialysis facilities have contributed to the gradual expansion of paediatric nephrology and kidney replacement therapy services in Nepal over the last decade. These services have grown steadily and will continue to grow because of the positive impact of government support for kidney replacement therapy and various public health initiatives to promote kidney health.

Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Long-Acting Broadly Neutralizing HIV-1 Monoclonal Antibody VRC07523LS in Newborn Infants Exposed to HIV-1.

Background: Vertical HIV-1 transmission despite antiretroviral therapy may be mitigated by use of long-acting, broadly neutralizing, monoclonal antibodies (bNAb) such as VRC07523LS. The present study was designed to determine the safety and pharmacokinetics of VRC07523LS.

Methods: VRC07523LS, 80 mg/dose, was administered subcutaneously after birth to non-breastfed (Cohort 1; N=11, enrolled in USA) and breastfed (Cohort 2; N=11, enrolled in South Africa and Zimbabwe) infants exposed to HIV-1.

An assessment of physiological and health responses in Catla catla fingerlings after polystyrene microplastic exposure.

Microplastics (MPs) form when plastic debris is released into the aquatic environment, where they decompose and have deleterious effects on aquatic life. This study aimed to examine the harmful impacts of polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) on the growth, carcass composition, hematology, digestibility, histopathology, and mineral analysis of Catla catla (11.09 ± 0.

Investigation of a targeted panel of gut microbiome-derived toxins in children with chronic kidney disease.

Background: The gut-kidney axis is implicated in chronic kidney disease (CKD) morbidity. We describe how a panel of gut microbiome-derived toxins relates to kidney function and neurocognitive outcomes in children with CKD, consisting of indoleacetate, 3-indoxylsulfate, p-cresol glucuronide, p-cresol sulfate, and phenylacetylglutamine.

Methods: The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) cohort is a North American multicenter prospective cohort that enrolled children aged 6 months to 16 years with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 30-89 ml/min/1.

Investigative genetic genealogy practices warranting policy attention: Results of a modified policy Delphi.

A technique known as investigative genetic genealogy (IGG) was first introduced to criminal investigations in 2018, and it has since been used by U.S. law enforcement to help identify hundreds of criminal perpetrators and unidentified human remains.

Subcytotoxic transepidermal delivery using low intensity cold atmospheric plasma.

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been utilized in various medical devices using its oxidative nature. Recent studies have provided evidence that CAP can facilitate the delivery of large, hydrophilic molecules through the epidermis to the dermis. On the other hand, a new approach called low-intensity CAP (LICAP) has been developed, allowing the plasma level to be controlled within a subtoxic range, thereby demonstrating various biological benefits without tissue damage.

Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) as a treatment for melanoma: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: Melanoma now presents an average risk of 1 in 50 in the Western world. Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), an FDAapproved oncolytic virus derived from Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1), has proven effective in reducing morbidity and mortality from melanoma but causes adverse effects like chills, fever, exhaustion, and injection site discomfort. Research focuses on combining T-VEC with immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab, to enhance its efficacy and broaden its application.

Multicentric Cross-Sectional Survey to Assess the Variation of Fractionation Strategies Used in the Management of Head and Neck Cancers in the Asian Region (INNOCENCE-ASIA).

Purpose: Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are in general treated with conventional fractionation regimen of 1.8-2 Gy per fraction. Altered fractionation (ALFT) strategies such as hypofractionation radiotherapy (HYPO-RT), accelerated fractionation radiotherapy (AFRT), and hyperfractionation radiotherapy (HFRT) have not been practiced uniformly across centers in different parts of the world.

Trends in syphilis seroreactivity among blood donors: A 17-year retrospective analysis and follow-up at a tertiary care hospital.

Background And Objectives: This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of syphilis among blood donors, evaluate the response rate of seroreactive donors, and investigate high-risk behaviors.

Material And Methods: The study presents a retrospective analysis of syphilis seroreactivity among blood donors over a 17 year period. Blood donations were screened for syphilis using the Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) card test.