Cryptic presentation: primary amoebic meningoencephalitis mimicking a high-grade malignancy resulting in surgical fatality within 48 hours. Illustrative case.

Background: A 71-year-old male presented with weakness of the right upper limb and headache for the past 3 months. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast showed a left frontal space-occupying lesion, suggestive of a high-grade malignancy. Awake craniotomy with complete excision of the lesion was performed under immunofluorescence guidance.

Role of contrast-enhanced mammogram as an adjunct to tomosynthesis in evaluation of circumscribed breast lesions.

Objectives: We evaluated the role of contrast-enhanced mammogram (CEM) in the characterization of circumscribed lesions detected in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and correlated with histopathology.

Methods: A retrospective study was done on 205 circumscribed breast masses detected with DBT and for whom CEM was done before core biopsy/excision biopsy. Morphology of lesion enhancement was noted at a 2-min CEM image and depending on the enhancement pattern, they were classified as benign, malignant, and indeterminate.

The Prevalence and Clinicopathological Spectrum of Nondiabetic Renal Disease in Patients with Diabetes in a Tertiary Care Center.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), leading to end-stage renal disease. A wide spectrum of nondiabetic renal diseases (NDRDs) is reported in type 2 DM. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with type 2 DM who underwent a kidney biopsy from September 2019 to November 2021 at our center.

The Role of the Insula in Chronic Pain and Associated Structural Changes: An Integrative Review.

Chronic pain affects a substantial portion of the global population, significantly impacting quality of life and well-being. This condition involves complex mechanisms, including dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, which plays a crucial role in pain perception. The insula, a key brain region involved in pain processing, plays a critical role in pain perception and modulation.

Video laryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy in achieving successful emergency endotracheal intubations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Intubating a patient in an emergent setting presents significant challenges compared to planned intubation in an operating room. This study aims to compare video laryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy in achieving successful endotracheal intubation on the first attempt in emergency intubations, irrespective of the clinical setting.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception until 27 February 2023.

A Dose-Finding Study to Guide Use of Verapamil as an Adjunctive Therapy in Tuberculosis.

Induction of mycobacterial efflux pumps is a cause of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) drug tolerance, a barrier to shortening antitubercular treatment. Verapamil inhibits Mtb efflux pumps that mediate tolerance to rifampin, a cornerstone of tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Verapamil's mycobacterial efflux pump inhibition also limits Mtb growth in macrophages in the absence of antibiotic treatment.

A dose-finding study to guide use of verapamil as an adjunctive therapy in tuberculosis.

Induction of mycobacterial efflux pumps is a cause of (Mtb) drug tolerance, a barrier to shortening antitubercular treatment. Verapamil inhibits Mtb efflux pumps that mediate tolerance to rifampin, a cornerstone of tuberculosis treatment. Verapamil's mycobacterial efflux pump inhibition also limits Mtb growth in macrophages in the absence of antibiotic treatment.

Anti-glomerular Basement Membrane Disease: A Rare Case Report of Changing Clinical Phenotype and Atypicalities.

A man in his late 20s, a smoker, presented with nephrotic-range proteinuria and mild renal failure. He had no macroscopic hematuria or decreased urine output. Kidney biopsy was done which revealed a surprising diagnosis of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease.

Validation of Metacognitive Awareness Inventory from a Private Medical University in India.

Background: Metacognition is the awareness and the capability to regulate one's own thinking process. Metacognition is critical in medical education for clinical reasoning and management. Hence, the objective of this study is to evaluate the construct validity and reliability of the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) among first-year medical and dental students, from a private medical university in India, using confirmatory analysis and internal consistency method.

Gastric cancer in India: epidemiology and standard of treatment.

India has a low incidence of gastric cancer. It ranks among the top five most common cancers. Regional diversity of incidence is of importance.

Role of Anatomical Landmarks in Identifying Normal and Transitional Vertebra in Lumbar Spine Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Purpose: Identification of transitional vertebra is important in spine imaging, especially in presurgical planning. Pasted images of the whole spine obtained using high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are helpful in counting vertebrae and identifying transitional vertebrae.

Effectiveness of symptom screening and incidence of tuberculosis among adults and children living with HIV infection in India.

Background: WHO recommends the use of a simplified symptom-based algorithm for screening for tuberculosis (TB) among people living with HIV (PLHIV). We assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of this algorithm and determined the prevalence and incidence of TB among PLHIV attending antiretroviral treatment (ART) centres in India.

Methods: We did a prospective multicentric implementation research study in four states of India.

A Case of Simultaneous Traumatic Dorsal Dislocation of All Five Metatarsophalangeal Joints Treated Successfully With Closed Reduction.

Simultaneous dislocation of multiple metatarsophalangeal joints is a rare injury, because of the impediment presented by the anatomy of the lesser metatarsophalangeal joints. To the best of our knowledge, only 1 case of simultaneous dislocation of all 5 metatarsophalangeal joints has been previously reported in peer-reviewed studies. Owing to the same anatomic structures that obstruct relocation, closed reduction has been known to fail in a large proportion of cases.

A study on the reversal of sterilisation in women over two decades.

Objectives: The present study was undertaken to check the relevance of reversal of sterilization in women in the present era of test tube babies, to evaluate the Standard guidelines for sterilization, (The site of the occlusion of the fallopian tube must be always be within 2-3 cm from the uterine cornu in the isthmal portion, excision of 1 cm of the tube should be done. Use of cautery and crushing of the tube should be avoided.) are being followed universally in the institution and outside, to study the demographic patterns of women coming for reversal of sterilization and to evaluate the causes for either the inability to perform reversal of sterilization or the adversaries like ectopic pregnancy that occur after the procedure.

Prevalence of aflatoxin B1 in liver biopsies of proven hepatocellular carcinoma in India determined by an in-house immunoperoxidase test.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. The incidence of HCC in India is reportedly low and varies from 0.2 to 1.