Instabilities, thermal fluctuations, defects and dislocations in the crystal-R-R rotator phase transitions of -alkanes.

The theoretical study of instabilities, thermal fluctuations, and topological defects in the crystal-rotator-I-rotator-II (X-R-R) phase transitions of -alkanes has been conducted. First, we examine the nature of the R-R phase transition in nanoconfined alkanes. We propose that under confined conditions, the presence of quenched random orientational disorder makes the R phase unstable.

Model-Based Estimation of Expected Time to Cholera Extinction in Lusaka, Zambia.

The developing world has been facing a significant health issue due to cholera as an endemic communicable disease. Lusaka was Zambia's worst affected province, with 5414 reported cases of cholera during the outbreak from late October 2017 to May 12, 2018. To explore the epidemiological characteristics associated with the outbreak, we fitted weekly reported cholera cases with a compartmental disease model that incorporates two transmission routes, namely environment-to-human and human-to-human.

Symptoms are known by their companies: towards association guided disease diagnosis assistant.

Over the last few years, dozens of healthcare surveys have shown a shortage of doctors and an alarming doctor-population ratio. With the motivation of assisting doctors and utilizing their time efficiently, automatic disease diagnosis using artificial intelligence is experiencing an ever-growing demand and popularity. Humans are known by the company they keep; similarly, symptoms also exhibit the association property, i.

Opinion classification at subtopic level from COVID vaccination-related tweets.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a contiguous disease which affected a large volume of population with a high mortality rate across the globe. For dealing with the recent spread of COVID-19, one of the prime measures was to vaccinate people in full extent. People across the globe have diverse opinion regarding the vaccination process, its side effect and effectiveness.

A noble extended stochastic logistic model for cell proliferation with density-dependent parameters.

Cell proliferation often experiences a density-dependent intrinsic proliferation rate (IPR) and negative feedback from growth-inhibiting molecules in culture media. The lack of flexible models with explanatory parameters fails to capture such a proliferation mechanism. We propose an extended logistic growth law with the density-dependent IPR and additional negative feedback.

Identification of Generalized Peptide Regions for Designing Vaccine Effective for All Significant Mutated Strains of SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection has become a worldwide pandemic and created an utmost crisis across the globe. To mitigate the crisis, the design of vaccine is the crucial solution. The frequent mutation of the virus demands generalized vaccine candidates, which would be effective for all mutated strains at present and for the strains that would evolve due to further new mutations in the virus.

Identification and computational analysis of mutations in SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV-2 infection has become a worldwide pandemic and is spreading rapidly to people across the globe. To combat the situation, vaccine design is the essential solution. Mutation in the virus genome plays an important role in limiting the working life of a vaccine.

Nanophase Segregation of Nanostructures: Induction of Smectic A and Re-Entrance in a Carbon Nanotube/Nematic Liquid Crystal Composite.

Although representing drastically different chemical natures and types of interactions, the similarity of shape anisotropy of the constituents has created much interest in composites of calamitic liquid crystals (LCs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Despite significant volume of studies on the physical properties of such composites, influence of CNTs on the celebrated re-entrant phenomenon in LCs has not been studied. We report here that a small concentration of CNTs doped to a "nematic mesophase-only" material not only induces the layered smectic A mesophase but also leads to the nematic-smectic-nematic re-entrant sequence as well, demonstrating the delicate interplay between the two entities.

Role of external and internal perturbations on ferromagnetic phase transitions in manganites: existence of tricritical points.

A phenomenological mean-field theory is presented to describe the role of external magnetic field, pressure and chemical substitution on the nature of ferromagnetic (FM) to paramagnetic (PM) phase transition in manganites. The application of external field (or pressure) shifts the transition, leading to a field (or pressure) dependent phase boundary along which a tricritical point is shown to exist where a first-order FM-PM transition becomes second-order. We show that the effect of chemical substitution on the FM transition is analogous to that of external perturbations (magnetic field and pressure); this includes the existence of a tricritical point at which the order of transition changes.

Tricritical behavior of the nematic to smectic-A phase transition in the binary mixture of liquid crystal.

We propose a phenomenological model to describe the tricritical behavior of the nematic to smectic-A (N-SmA) phase transition in liquid crystal mixture. To describe the mesophase transitions in binary mixture, nematic and smectic order parameters have been coupled with the concentration. We show that a tricritical point on the N-SmA phase transition line can be achieved under certain conditions.