Impacts of microplastic accumulation in aquatic environment: Physiological, eco-toxicological, immunological, and neurotoxic effects.

The presence of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic ecosystem has become a pressing global concern. MPs pose a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems, with devastating consequences for both aquatic life and human health. Notably, freshwater ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to MPs pollution.

Exploration of molecular interactions responsible for anti-inflammatory attributes of GI friendly micro-sized formulation of flurbiprofen and clove oil.

Clove oil obtained from Syzygium aromaticum (L.) is traditionally employed to treat inflammation associated with rheumatism, gastric disorders, and as an analgesic. Chemo-herbal combinations are known to have potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, while mitigating the drug related side effects.

A computational approach to drug design for multiple sclerosis via QSPR modeling, chemical graph theory, and multi-criteria decision analysis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with an unknown etiology. While disease-modifying therapies can slow progression, there is a need for more effective treatments. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling using topological indices derived from chemical graph theory is a promising approach to rationally design new drugs for MS.

The Bioprotective Effects of Marigold Tea Polyphenols on Obesity and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in High-Fat-Sugar Diet-Fed Rats.

The research is aimed at exploring the potential of marigold petal tea (MPT), rich in polyphenol contents, against oxidative stress and obesity in a rat model following a high-fat-sugar diet (HFSD). The MPT was prepared through the customary method of decoction and was subjected to analysis for its polyphenol composition using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Two specific doses of MPT, namely, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (BW), were chosen for the study-referred to as MPT-250 and MPT-500, respectively.

Synthesis And Photovoltaic Performance of Carbazole (Donor) Based Photosensitizers in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC): A Review.

Carbazoles are nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles, having widespread applications in the field of photovoltaics. Carbazole-based photosensitizers have tunable features for absorption on semi-conductor (tellurium dioxide or zinc oxide) layers to create sufficient push-pull force in the conversion of sunlight into electrical energy, thus presenting as promising heterocyclic donor candidates to be used in dye-sensitized solar cells. For the synthesis of these dyes, various structural designs are available, namely, D-A, D-π-A, D-D-π-A, D-A-π-A, A-π-D-π-A-π-A, and D2-π-A that all involve incorporating carbazole as a donor (D), along with spacer (π-extender) moieties, such as thiophene, phenol, ethynylene, nitromethane, azine, thiadiazole, or acetonitrile.

Novel transition metal-free synthetic protocols toward the construction of 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans: a recent update.

2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans are noteworthy scaffolds in organic and medicinal chemistry, constituting the structural framework of many of the varied medicinally active organic compounds. Moreover, a diverse variety of biologically potent natural products also contain this heterocyclic nucleus. Reflecting on the wide biological substantiality of dihydrobenzofurans, several innovative and facile synthetic developments are evolving to achieve these heterocycles.

Esculin-loaded nanoparticles ameliorate adjuvant-induced polyarthritis via subduing inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in Wistar rats.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder affecting multiple joints and requires lifelong treatment. Present study was designed to formulate Esculin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (ENPs) and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic action. The acute toxicity study of ENPs was also performed.

Comparative Study of Essential Oils Extracted From Miller Seeds Using Hydrodistillation, Steam Distillation, and Superheated Steam Distillation.

Miller is a highly valued aromatic and nutritious plant. The unique compositions of its essential oil make it more valuable in the flavor, fragrance, and medicinal industries. However, the potential of superheated steam distillation for obtaining essential oils from its seeds has not been explored in detail.

Myrrh Oleo-Gum Resin as a Functional Additive in Pectin and κ-Carrageenan Composite Films for Food Packaging.

Myrrh oleo-gum-resin (MOGR) is a natural substance that has a rich history of medicinal use due to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. The present study reports on the fabrication and assessment of pectin and K-carrageenan composite films infused with varying proportions (0.3%, 0.

Phytochemical Profiling and Therapeutic Potential of Thyme ( spp.): A Medicinal Herb.

Thymol is a phenol monoterpene that is naturally derived from cymene and is an isomer of carvacrol. It constitutes a significant portion (10%-64%) of the essential oils found in thyme ( L., Lamiaceae), a medicinal plant renowned for its therapeutic properties.

Diosgenin loaded-chitosan biodegradable nanoparticles ameliorate adjuvant-induced arthritis, pain, and peripheral neuropathy through moderation of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers.

This research work was designed to develop efficient Diosgenin (DGN) loaded biodegradable nanoparticles (DGN-NPs) for treating rheumatoid arthritis. The DGN-NPs were synthesized by ionic-gelation method using chitosan as a biodegradable polymer and in-vitro release study was performed followed by kinetics study. DGN-NPs had an average size of 290 nm, zeta potential of +11.

Genome-wide analysis and identification of nuclear factor Y gene family in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.).

NF-Y is a class of heterotrimeric transcription factor composed of three subunits; NF-YA, NF-YB, and NF-YC. This complex binds to the CCAAT box found in eukaryotic promoters and is involved in the plant development and proliferation at various stages. Although many studies were conducted on NF-Y gene family in various species, but no study has been reported yet in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.

Developing multifaceted drug synergistic therapeutic strategy against neurological disorders.

Drug synergism can alter the ultimate biological effects and bioavailability of phytoconstituents. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors as symptomatic drugs are potent therapeutic regimen for neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, this study characterized the synergistic antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-AChE effects of the selected phytochemicals including standard drugs followed by enzyme kinetics, structure-based ligands screening and molecular dynamics simulation study.

Design, Synthesis and Biological Exploration of Novel -(9-Ethyl-9-Carbazol-3-yl)Acetamide-Linked Benzofuran-1,2,4-Triazoles as Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Agents: Combined Wet/Dry Approach Targeting Main Protease (M), Spike Glycoprotein and RdRp.

A novel series of substituted benzofuran-tethered triazolylcarbazoles was synthesized in good to high yields (65-89%) via -alkylation of benzofuran-based triazoles with 2-bromo--(9-ethyl-9-carbazol-3-yl)acetamide. The inhibitory potency of the synthesized compounds against SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated by enacting molecular docking against its three pivotal proteins, namely, M (main protease; PDB ID: 6LU7), the spike glycoprotein (PDB ID: 6WPT), and RdRp (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase; PDB ID: 6M71). The docking results indicated strong binding affinities between SARS-CoV-2 proteins and the synthesized compounds, which were thereby expected to obstruct the function of SARS proteins.

Neuroprotective effect of niacin in a rat model of obesity induced by high-fat-rich diet.

This study investigates the impact of a high-fat-rich diet (HFRD) on behavioral, biochemical, neurochemical, and histopathological studies using the hypothalamus of rats following niacin (NCN) administration. The rats were divided into HFRD and normal diet (ND)-fed groups and administered selected doses of NCN, i.e.

Strained Mechanical and Fracture Analyses of Armchair-Chiral-Zigzag-Based Carbon Nanotubes Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as one of the most capable and interesting materials in recent decades and have extraordinary mechanical properties (MPs) and resourceful applications in bioengineering and medicine. Equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to investigate the structural and MPs of armchair, chiral, and semiconducting and metallic zigzag single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) under varying temperature (K) and compressive and tensile strains ±γ (%) with reactive bond-order potential. New results elaborate on the buckling and deformation mechanisms of the SWCNTs through deep analyses of density profiles, radial distribution functions, structural visualizations, and stress-strain interactions.

Incidence of endosymbiont bacteria Wolbachia in cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae).

This study focuses on the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus, a globally distributed grain pest that affects cereals and pulses. Using chemicals to store grains can harm pest control and pose risks to consumers and the environment. The facultative intracellular symbiont bacteria Wolbachia can affect host's reproductive capacities in a variety of ways, which makes it useful in the management of pests such as C.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the rapid identification of fosfomycin resistant and sensitive strains of E. coli.

Development of rapid detection and discrimination technique for the antibiotic resistant and sensitive bacterial strains is required for this purpose, Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique is considered to have great potential. To develop a fast and sensitive detection and discrimination methodology based on SERS technique along with chemometric tools for the differentiation among fosfomycin sensitive and resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains.

Revolutionizing diabetes care with innovative decision-making using cubic intuitionistic fuzzy Schweizer and Sklar power aggregation operators.

The cubic intuitionistic fuzzy set is an expansion of the cubic fuzzy set that displays massive information to demonstrate interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets and intuitionistic fuzzy sets. This increment informs limitations essential in existing frameworks, primarily focusing on the significance of embracing our access for more accurate decisions in compound and unresolved structures. The Schweizer and Sklar (SS) operations are engaged in promoting strong aggregation operators for cubic intuitionistic fuzzy sets through this research.

Recent advances and factors affecting the adsorption of nano/microplastics by magnetic biochar.

The increase in nano/microplastics (NPs/MPs) from various everyday products entering aquatic environments highlights the urgent need to develop mitigation strategies. Biochar (BC), known for its excellent adsorption capabilities, can effectively target various harmful organic and inorganic pollutants. However, traditional methods involving powdered BC necessitate centrifugation and filtration, which can lead to the desorption of pollutants and subsequent secondary pollution.

Ring opening of epoxides: a facile approach towards the synthesis of polyketides and related stereoenriched natural products: a review.

Epoxides are significant heterocycles in the structural makeup of a variety of natural products. Their ring-opening reactions have emerged as a versatile and efficient strategies for synthesizing a variety of functionalized molecules. Such reactions have been extensively applied towards the preparation of complex naturally occurring products.

SLNP-based CDK4- targeted nanotherapy against glioblastoma.

Introduction: Glioblastoma is a grade IV solid brain tumor and has a 15-month survival rate even after treatment. Glioblastoma development is heavily influenced by retinoblastoma protein (pRB) pathway changes. The blood-brain barrier, drug resistance, and severe toxicity of Temozolamide are key obstacles in treating glioblastoma.

Supplementation of laying hens' feed with Schizochytrium powder and its effect on physical and chemical properties of eggs.

Biofortification enhances dietary quality and nutritional value using traditional marine microalga species, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is an essential n-3 fatty acid for human health. Eggs are natural fortified candidates. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary Schizochytrium powder on egg productivity, egg nutritional content, and fatty acid levels in laying hens.

Anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective potential of Cissus tuberosa ethanol extract in Parkinson's disease model through the modulation of neuroinflammatory markers.

The plant Cissus tuberosa Moc is abundant in phenolics, has been documented to have neuroprotective properties. The study seeks to determine the neuroprotective effects of C. tuberosa ethanolic extract (CTE) against Parkinson's disease by evaluating its impact on motor dysfunction, cognitive deficits, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in paraquat-induced Parkinson's disease models.

Methodological optimization for efficient degradation of Acid Violet 49 using advanced oxidation processes and varied photocatalyst combinations.

This study investigates the photodegradation of Acid Violet 49 in an aqueous medium under UV, UV/HO and combined with photo catalyst (UV/HO/TiO, UV/HO/ZnO, and UV/HO/SnO). The impact of all operational parameters including catalytic dosage, peroxidation (HO), pH and dye concentration were evaluated. The degradation efficiency of AV49 was enhanced up to 96% with the alternative photocatalyst UV/HO/ZnO under the circumstances of 0.