Advance Glycation End Products Inhibition by Peel Extract; Characterization, LCMS-QTOF Analysis, and Biological Evaluation.

Advance glycation end products (AGEs) are the main reason for diabetic complications. Persistent hyperglycemia and non-enzymatic glycation increase the rate of AGEs formation. Natural functional food-based approaches are mainly under investigation these days to discover new treatment options.

The Pathology of Intestinal Mucosal Disruption; Implications for Muscle Loss and Physical Dependency from Late Adolescence to Octogenarians.

Background And Objectives: A pathological increase in intestinal permeability causes muscle loss and physical decline by inducing systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. However, most relevant studies investigate older adults, and the appropriate data across age spans remain elusive. This study aimed to examine the associations of intestinal permeability with muscle loss and physical decline across a large span of ages.

FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO ABSENTEEISM AMONG STUDENTS OF GOMAL MEDICAL COLLEGE.

Background: Absenteeism in educational settings is a significant barrier to academic success and skill development. This study investigates the socio-demographic factors contributing to absenteeism among students at Gomal Medical College MTI, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, highlighting the importance of class attendance for fostering essential job-related skills and overall student development.

Methods: Utilizing a cross-sectional study design, this research was conducted from April to September 2023 within the Community Medicine Department of Gomal Medical College.

A novel homozygous missense variant in causes cone dystrophy in a consanguineous Pakistani family.

Background: Cone dystrophy is a heterogeneous hereditary retinal disorder with disease symptoms appearing in the late first or early second decades of life.

Methods: A consanguineous Pakistani family with three affected individuals underwent detailed clinical and genetic investigation.

Results: The proband, a 63-years old male, showed severely reduced day vision, a visual acuity of counting fingers (CF), color vision deficiency, high myopia and photophobia.

Identification and Epidemiological Analysis of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in the Oral Microbiome of the Population in Pakistan.

Background Antibiotic resistance in the oral microbiome poses serious health risks worldwide, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan. Public health efforts are challenged by the potential of the oral cavity to serve as a reservoir for resistant bacteria due to its frequent exposure to antibiotics. Objective This study aimed to identify and analyze the prevalence and epidemiology of antibiotic-resistant bacteria within the oral microbiome of the Pakistani population.

The Relationship Between Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Serotonin in Major Depressive and Bipolar Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Background Mood disorders like major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) involve complex interactions between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and serotonin. While extensive research has explored these factors individually, their combined effects and interactions in these disorders are less understood. This study uniquely addresses this gap by examining how BDNF and serotonin interact and relate to mood disorder severity, providing new insights into their joint role in MDD and BD.

Artificial intelligence-driven transformations in diabetes care: a comprehensive literature review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied in healthcare for diagnosis, treatments, disease management, and for studying underlying mechanisms and disease complications in diseases like diabetes and metabolic disorders. This review is a comprehensive overview of various applications of AI in the healthcare system for managing diabetes. A literature search was conducted on PubMed to locate studies integrating AI in the diagnosis, treatment, management and prevention of diabetes.

Causal Effects of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases on the Risk of Kidney Stone Disease.

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, have been increasingly associated with kidney stone disease, posing significant health challenges globally.

Objective: This research sought to determine the causal relationship between kidney stone disease risk and inflammatory bowel disorders.

Methodology: This retrospective cohort study included patients with IBDs, such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, who were diagnosed at least 18 years of age.

A leaky gut contributes to postural imbalance in male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Aims: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently exhibit an inability to maintain postural balance. However, the contribution of increased intestinal permeability or leaky gut to the postural imbalance in COPD is not known.

Methods: We measured plasma zonulin, a marker of leaky gut, with relevance to postural balance in male controls (n = 70) and patients with mild (n = 67), moderate (n = 66), and severe (n = 58) COPD.

Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis reveals VSIR as a candidate immunologic, diagnostic, and prognostic biomarker.

Objectives: Being a checkpoint, the expression level of V-set immunoregulatory receptor (VSIR) serves as an indicator of the extent of immunosuppression. Our objective was to undertake a pan-cancer analysis to examine the expression, genetic alterations, prognosis, and immunologic features associated with VSIR.

Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), GEPIA2, UALCAN, OncoDB, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), STRING, DAVID, cell culture, clinical sample collection, and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used.

Enhancing WHO prescription writing guideline adherence through an educational intervention: a quality improvement study of Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

Background: Prescription writing is an important component of healthcare delivery and can directly influence patient safety and treatment outcomes. Prescription errors are common in developing countries because of the lack of national guidelines. This two-cycle clinical audit assessed the impact of educational interventions on improving prescription writing practices.

Factors Contributing to Rapid Early Infarct Expansion in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Large Vessel Occlusion.

Background Acute ischemic stroke, particularly in cases involving large vessel occlusion (LVO), poses a significant challenge due to the potential for rapid infarct expansion in the early phase. Such expansion, if not managed promptly, can lead to severe neurological deficits and poor clinical outcomes. Understanding the contributing factors that accelerate early infarct expansion is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient prognosis.

The Association of Intestinal Leak with Sarcopenia and Physical Disability in Patients with Various Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Sarcopenia is related to disease severity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients; however, its pathophysiology remains poorly known. We investigated the associations of biomarkers of intestinal leak with sarcopenia in various stages of CKD. We recruited 61-76-year-old male controls and patients with various stages of CKD (n = 36-57/group) for measuring plasma lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and zonulin (markers of intestinal leak), handgrip strength (HGS), skeletal mass index (SMI), and gait speed (markers of sarcopenia), and short physical performance battery (SPPB; marker of physical capacity).

Characterizing cutaneous leishmaniasis in a conflict-affected region: a study from North Waziristan, Pakistan.

Background/aim: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an emerging tropical disease that remains a serious public health issue in Pakistan, particularly in North Waziristan. The current research was carried out to investigate the presence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in this region.

Materials And Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted from October 2018 to December 2020 at District Head Quarter Hospital Miranshah in North Waziristan with the collaboration of the Pathology Department of Gomal Medical College Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Myocardial infarction in young individual: A case report of polycythemia vera-induced acute inferior wall myocardial infarction.

Acute coronary syndrome is commonly associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Myocardial infarction in a young person presents a significant challenge because its etiology is least likely associated with atherosclerosis. Polycythemia vera refers to one of the rare causes of myocardial infarction, which involves enhanced erythrocyte levels, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, splenomegaly, and a greater chance of vascular occlusion due to clotting in coronary arteries.

Unveiling the unexplored novel signatures for osteoporosis via a detailed bioinformatics and molecular experiments based approach.

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) stands as a prevalent bone ailment affecting the elderly, globally. The identification of reliable diagnostic markers crucially aids OP clinical management.

Methods: Utilizing the GEO database (GSE35959), we acquired expression profiles for OP and normal samples.

Plasma levels of Neurofilament light chain correlate with handgrip strength and sarcopenia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Age-associated muscle decline, termed sarcopenia, is a common systemic effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Circulating Neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels reflect neuronal degradation and may be relevant to sarcopenia phenotype. However, such an association in COPD patients remains elusive.

Probiotics Supplements Improve the Sarcopenia-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Age-Related Muscle Decline.

A pathological increase in intestinal leak is implicated in age-associated muscle loss, termed sarcopenia, and reduced sarcopenia-related quality-of-life (SarQoL). However, the potential therapies remain elusive. We investigated the effects of probiotic supplementation on sarcopenia and SarQoL in geriatric older adults.

Women and Cardiovascular Health: Unraveling Gender-Specific Factors, Risks, and Therapeutic Approaches in Contemporary Medicine.

Background and objective Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) constitute a significant global health challenge, causing millions of deaths annually and straining healthcare systems worldwide. This study aimed to investigate and elucidate gender-specific factors, risks, and therapeutic approaches related to cardiovascular health in women within the context of contemporary medicine. Methodology We conducted a prospective observational study spanning one year (November 2022 to October 2023) at the Peshawar Medical Complex Hospital, to meticulously explore the field of women's cardiovascular health.

Metformin Improves Sarcopenia-Related Quality of Life in Geriatric Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Metformin protects against age-related muscle decline, termed sarcopenia. However, the effects on sarcopenia quality-of-life (SarQoL) are unknown. We investigated the effects of metformin on SarQoL and associated mechanisms in older adults.