Radiofrequency ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation in patients with advanced heart failure and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction: a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To determine whether or not radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for persistent atrial fibrillation in patients with advanced heart failure leads to improvements in cardiac function.

Setting: Patients were recruited from heart failure outpatient clinics in Scotland.

Design And Intervention: Patients with advanced heart failure and severe left ventricular dysfunction were randomised to RFA (rhythm control) or continued medical treatment (rate control).