44,038 results match your criteria: "Goiter"

Role of Lysyl Oxidase-Like Protein 3 in the Pathogenesis of Graves' Orbitopathy in Orbital Fibroblasts.

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

November 2024

Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: The lysyl oxidase (LOX) family has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases caused by inflammation and fibrosis. Therefore, we aimed to examine the role of lysyl oxidase-like protein 3 (LOXL3) in Graves' orbitopathy (GO) pathogenesis and its potential as a treatment target.

Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction compared the transcript levels of the five LOX family subtypes in orbital tissue explants obtained from patients with GO (n = 18) and healthy controls (n = 15).

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Ectopic thyroid follicular carcinoma in the right mandible: a case report.

Gland Surg

October 2024

Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the effectiveness of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in evaluating thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and how patients respond to glucocorticoid treatment.
  • A total of 65 TAO patients were analyzed, with 41 classified as active and 24 as inactive, comparing various MRI parameters to assess disease activity and treatment responses.
  • Findings show that certain MRI metrics, particularly TTP-mean and V-mean, are significant in determining active disease and treatment response, with the study achieving moderate to good diagnostic performance in identifying these factors.
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Lacrimal gland enlargement in thyroid eye disease.

Int Ophthalmol

November 2024

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, SA, 5000, Australia.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focused on analyzing the characteristics of 200 children diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis at a referral center between January 2020 and May 2024, gathering data from their medical records.
  • The average age of diagnosis was around 11.3 years, with most of the patients showing euthyroid function; however, significant percentages also had subclinical or overt hypothyroidism.
  • Nearly half had familial thyroid disease, and a notable number presented with goiter, with some thyroid nodules also observed, leading to further evaluation and management recommendations based on their lab results.
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Background: Iodine deficiency is a common cause of thyroid disease, prompting the World Health Organisation to recommend universal salt iodification. The iodine status of Rivers State is yet to be investigated following the implementation of this strategy.

Objective: To determine and compare the iodine nutritional status of children aged 2-14 years resident in selected upland and riverine communities in Rivers State, Nigeria.

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Causes of abortion in Iranian goat herds and associated risk factors.

Prev Vet Med

January 2025

Animal Pathology Department, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Veterinary Faculty of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, Zaragoza 50013, Spain.

Abortion imposes a substantial economic burden on the global small ruminant industry, not only reducing herd productivity but also contributing to the spread of zoonotic diseases. This study examines the primary factors associated with abortion, both infectious and non-infectious, in 623 goat herds across Iran. A comprehensive evaluation was performed, incorporating herd history, laboratory results, and statistical analyses using univariate tests and multivariable binary logistic regression.

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: Amyloid goiter (AG) is a rare cause of thyroid swelling, characterized by deposits of amyloid protein in the thyroid tissue. It can be associated with primary or secondary amyloidosis. Its prevalence in multinodular goiter cases is 0.

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Left supraclavicular parathyroid carcinoma: diagnostic difficulties through a case report.

Pan Afr Med J

November 2024

Ear, Nose, and Throat, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital of Specialties, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.

Parathyroid carcinoma is a very rare malignant tumour of the parathyroid gland, accounting for less than 0.005% of all cancers, and less than 1% of the aetiologies of primary hyperparathyroidism. This case report aims to describe the incidental discovery of a non-secreting parathyroid carcinoma in a left supraclavicular location and to report on the diagnostic difficulties encountered, together with a review of the literature and current management issues.

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In recent decades, there has been an increase in the identification of thyroid nodules, both benign and malignant, due to the rise in imaging studies and complementary tests. Among thyroid gland tumors, papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) stands out as the most prevalent. Degenerative changes, mainly in the form of nodular goiter, have been recorded, occasionally including areas of calcification and, more rarely, ossification; although the latter seldom progresses to calcinosis.

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Ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation of primary hyperthyroidism: security and efficacy analysis.

Int J Hyperthermia

November 2024

Department of Medical Ultrasound, Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the safety, efficacy, and application prospects of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (MWA) in the treatment of primary hyperthyroidism.

Methods: Eight patients with primary hyperthyroidism who underwent ultrasound-guided glandular volume reduction between January 2021 and December 2022 were included in this study. Pre- and postablative examinations, including grayscale ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), laboratory examination, antithyroid drug (ATD) dosage, and quality of life (QoL) assessment via Thyroid-Specific Patient-Reported Outcome Short-Form (ThyPRO-39), were analyzed retrospectively.

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Purpose: Pupillary contraction and dilatation are organized by the autonomic nervous system, which can also be affected by Graves' disease (GD). In this study, it was aimed to investigate the static and dynamic pupillary responses of Graves' patients in the hyperthyroid and euthyroid periods and to compare these results with the values obtained from healthy controls.

Methods: 48 eyes of 24 newly diagnosed Graves' patients with clinical activity score ≤ 2 and 46 eyes of 23 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included in the study.

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[A rare side effect of antithyroid drug therapy].

Praxis (Bern 1994)

October 2024

Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie, Osteologie und Stoffwechselerkrankungen, Kantonsspital St. Gallen.

We report a case of Graves' disease in a patient who initially received carbimazole therapy, which was switched to propylthiouracil due to adverse effects. After 14 months of propylthiouracil therapy, the patient developed cutaneous ANCA-associated vasculitis. Prompt cessation of propylthiouracil and topical treatment led to complete resolution of the skin lesions.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study conducted at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center explored the prevalence of thyroid disorders, finding that out of 258 patients, a significantly higher percentage were females (74.4%) compared to males (25.6%).
  • The research revealed that solitary nodules were the most common local examination finding, with benign follicular lesions being the most prevalent type of thyroid pathology.
  • The study concluded that increased screening and access to healthcare services are crucial due to the higher prevalence of thyroid disorders in females, particularly those with multinodular goiter presentations.
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Thyroid eye disease is a complex inflammatory disorder of the orbit that has gained tremendous interest over the past years, and numerous scientific efforts have been deployed to elucidate its pathophysiology for novel drug development. Our manuscript will delve into the molecular dysregulations involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid eye disease that led to its clinical manifestations. Abnormalities within the apoptotic pathway, inflammatory cascade, and autoimmune regulatory systems will be covered.

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Diffuse lipomatosis of the thyroid (DLT) is an uncommon condition where mature fat cells infiltrate the thyroid gland, disrupting its normal structure. Although rare, it typically manifests as neck enlargement or symptoms of compression, including breathing difficulties, trouble swallowing, and voice changes, which can complicate diagnosis. This report presents a case of a 61-year-old woman with DLT, who exhibited a multinodular goiter and progressive neck swelling, and examines 53 additional cases from the existing literature.

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Background: Identification of specific urine metabolic profiles for patients diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma (TC) vs. benign nodules (B) to identify specific biomarkers and altered pathways compared to those of healthy controls (C).

Methods: Patient urine samples were collected, before surgery and after a histological confirmation of TC ( = 30) and B ( = 30), in parallel with sample collection from healthy controls ( = 20).

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Neural network-based automated proptosis measurement using computed tomography images for patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

Sci Rep

November 2024

Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06973, South Korea.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility and reliability of a neural network (NN)-based automated proptosis measurement system using computed tomography (CT) images. An automated proptosis measurement system was developed using the CT images of 200 eyes from 100 patients diagnosed with thyroid-associated orbitopathy. We compared the proptosis value obtained from the proposed automated system with the values obtained from the Hertel exophthalmometer and manual measurements of CT slices.

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Characteristics of Hyaluronan Metabolism During Myofibroblast Differentiation in Orbital Fibroblasts.

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

November 2024

Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how myofibroblast differentiation (MD) affects hyaluronan (HA) turnover in orbital fibroblasts, particularly in the context of thyroid eye disease (TED).
  • Using primary cultures from TED and non-TED tissue samples, researchers induced MD and measured various factors like proliferation, HA levels, and enzyme expressions related to HA metabolism.
  • Findings revealed that MD leads to lower HA turnover by inhibiting certain enzymes while increasing HA synthesis, suggesting that targeting specific hyaluronidases could be a new approach to treat TED.
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