Clinical study of the diagnosis of thyroid tumours using Raman spectroscopy.

Objective: The feasibility of the RS for the clinical diagnosis of thyroid tumours was explored.

Methods: The tumour specimens from 30 benign patients and 30 malignant patients were collected. The collected specimens were subjected to RS and histopathological analysis.

PDK2-enhanced glycolysis aggravates fibrosis via IL11 signaling pathway in Graves' orbitopathy.

Objectives: Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)-interleukin 11 (IL11) is a newly found critical signaling pathway in fibrotic diseases such as Graves' orbitopathy (GO). It has now been confirmed that enhanced glycolysis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of GO. However, little is known about the relationship between glycolysis and IL11-mediated fibrosis in GO.

PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating TSHR-A and rapamycin enhance the induction of dendritic cell-specific immune tolerance in mice with Graves' disease.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells with multifaceted functions in controlling immune activation and tolerance. Graves' disease, particularly Graves' ophthalmopathy, is recognized as a refractory autoimmune thyroid disease. Therefore, DC-targeted therapies aimed at inducing specific immune tolerance are important for the treatment of Graves' disease.

Epidemiology of orbital diseases in a tertiary ophthalmic outpatient clinic in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of orbital conditions in a tertiary ophthalmic outpatient hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil, with a focus on the main diagnoses and their distribution.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted involving patients registered and admitted to the orbital disease unit at the Department of Ophthalmology, University of São Paulo Medical School, from January 2004 to March 2018. A total of 838 medical charts were analyzed, of which 37 were excluded due to incomplete data.

Antibiotic Use Can be De-escalated During Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy: A Bacterial Culture-Based Study.

To explore the possibility of reducing the use of antibiotics after transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA). A retrospective study was conducted on patients with thyroid tumors who were diagnosed and underwent surgical treatment at our hospital from 2022 to 2024. Patients diagnosed with T1-stage differentiated thyroid cancer or a benign retrosternal goiter <4 cm with cosmetic needs were included in the current study.

WAYS TO IMPROVE THE RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF DIFFUSE TOXIC GOITER.

Introduction: This article discusses the prevention of intraoperative complications in the surgical treatment of diffuse toxic goiter. The above complications push surgeons to find a more optimal method of surgical treatment.

Aim: Development of new methods to reduce the risk of intraoperative complications in the surgical treatment of patients with diffuse toxic goiter.

Sore throat or severe threat? The teleconsultation that uncovered neutropenic sepsis.

This case report describes a telemedicine visit by a patient with fever, sore throat, and odynophagia. The patient had recently started taking propylthiouracil (PTU) for Graves disease. She was referred to the ED, where a complete blood cell count revealed agranulocytosis with a neutrophil count of 200 cells/mm3.

Evaluation of Preoperative Factors as Predictors of Difficult Thyroidectomy: A Prospective Study.

Introduction Thyroidectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures performed worldwide. The complications from thyroidectomy are less, yet they can be life-threatening. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role of preoperative clinical and biochemical factors in predicting difficult thyroidectomy (DT) and its influence on complications.

Managing thyroid hormone replacement after total thyroidectomy: Guidance for family medicine.

Thyroid hormones are among the most prescribed medications to patients worldwide and are commonly used to treat hypothyroidism. Thyroxine is also indicated after total thyroidectomy for Graves' disease or a multinodular goitre. In this commentary, we discuss and provide guidance for family medicine and primary care clinicians on how to navigate thyroid hormone replacement in patients after total thyroidectomy for cancer.

The effect of preoperative vitamin D values on hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy.

Objectives: Hypocalcemia is a common complication following thyroidectomy. Vitamin D plays a critical role in calcium regulation. This study aimed to investigate the relation between preoperative vitamin D levels and postoperative hypocalcemia.

Patterns of Extraocular Muscle Enlargement in Graves' Disease and Acromegaly (P7-10.005).

Objective: To determine the patterns of extraocular muscle enlargement in Graves' disease and Acromegaly.

Background: Extra-ocular muscle (EOM) enlargement occurs in both acromegaly and Graves' disease, but the degree and pattern of enlargement have not been directly compared in these patient groups.

Design/methods: All new patients with a diagnosis of acromegaly or Graves' disease who presented to St Joseph's Healthcare London between January 1, 2015 and July 1, 2020 and who underwent CT scanning with adequate orbital imaging were considered for inclusion.

[Autoimmune thyroid disease in children and adolescents].

Autoimmune thyroid diseases, including Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease, are the most common causes of acquired thyroid dysfunction in children and adolescents. They are often diagnosed at puberty, with a female predominance. A familial predisposition and associations with other autoimmune diseases such as celiac disease and type 1 diabetes point to underlying genetic mechanisms.

Breast Cancer with a Newly Diagnosed Variant in the Gene: A Case Report.

Introduction: The phosphatase and tensin homolog hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) refers to a spectrum of disorders caused by variants of the phosphatase and tensin homolog () gene, including Cowden syndrome (CS), Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome, adult Lhermitte-Duclos disease, and autism spectrum disorders associated with macrocephaly. PHTS is characterized by hamartomas in multiple organs and is associated with an increased risk of developing malignant tumors including, breast, thyroid, endometrial, colorectal, and kidney tumors. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy associated with PHTS.

Thyroidectomy under local versus general anesthesia in health camp settings in Uganda: a randomized prospective equivalence single-blind controlled trial.

Background: Endemic goiter is highly prevalent in Uganda, placing a considerable surgical burden on the healthcare system. Across Africa, prevalence varies widely, reaching 60.2%, with visible goiter affecting 30% of Uganda's rural population despite salt iodization programs.

Graves ophthalmopathy a neglected comorbidity of graves' disease; a detailed investigation and management of sixty-eight patients in a tertiary healthcare center.

Purpose: To compare the measurements of macular thickness, intraocular pressure and RNFL and hormone parameters before and after antithyroid therapy in patients with Graves' Ophthalmopathy (GO).

Methods: A prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care center. Patients with GO were included and scored (Clinical Activity Score, CAS) according to EUGOGO guideline.

Thyroid disorders and inflammatory bowel disease: an association present in adults but also in children and adolescents.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) represent chronic inflammatory multisystemic disorders that primarily involve the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) exhibit a higher prevalence of thyroid disorders compared to the general population. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature on concomitant IBD and thyroid disorders, specifically autoimmune thyroid diseases such as Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), as well as thyroid cancer, with a focus on children and adolescents.

Inhibition of TSH Receptor Expression by a Cyclotriazadisulfonamide as a Potential Treatment of Graves Hyperthyroidism.

Graves hyperthyroidism (GH) is a condition in which autoantibodies chronically activate the thyrotropin (TSH) receptor (TSHR). TSHR is one of the few G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) predicted to have a signal peptide, making it a potential target for cyclotriazadisulfonamide (CADA) compounds. We sought to determine whether a small-molecule drug that selectively induces nascent protein degradation could decrease TSHR expression in vitro and in vivo at therapeutically relevant levels.

Nodular Goiter as the Presenting Symptom of DICER1 Tumor Predisposition Syndrome.

In the context of pediatric thyroid disorders, a goiter may serve as an indication of a thyroid tumor in rare instances. In even more unusual scenarios, the cancer can exhibit features of two different categories of carcinoma types. This presentation may suggest a familial tumor syndrome.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma within struma ovarii: a case report and literature review.

Struma ovarii (SO) is a rare ovarian teratoma mostly made of thyroid tissue, with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) being even rarer. This report presents a 50-year-old woman with PTC in SO and a normal thyroid. A left ovarian cyst was detected by ultrasound and confirmed by MRI.

Subglottic spray via epidural catheter in awake tracheal intubation: A CARE-compliant case report.

Rationale: For anticipated difficult airways, awake tracheal intubation is strongly recommended by guidelines for its high success rate and safety. The key to successful awake tracheal intubation is effective airway topicalization. Currently available topicalization techniques have corresponding drawbacks and complications.

Association between toxic heavy metals and noncancerous thyroid disease: a scoping review.

Background: Toxic heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) are known to be priority pollutants due to their high degrees of toxicity and widespread presence in the environment. This review aimed to explore the association between heavy metals and noncancerous thyroid diseases by synthesizing findings from observational and experimental studies. This review addressed a critical intersection of environmental health, endocrinology, and public health.

PROGNOSTIC VALUES OF LIPID PANEL DATA FOR MACROVASCULAR COMPLICATION DEVELOPMENT IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH COMORBID THYROID DYSFUNCTION.

This study aimed to evaluate prognostic values of the serum lipid panel data for development of macrovascular complications (MVC) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) alone and those with comorbid hypothyroidism (HT), diffuse non-toxic goiter (DNTG), or a combination of these disorders. The study included 596 inpatients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to identify prognostically significant values of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-HDL-cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and remnant cholesterol (RC).

Excision of tongue base lesions in children: The frenuloplasty mini-rake technique.

Objectives: We developed a new approach of exposing the tongue base using frenuloplasty and mini-rakes (FMR) to resect lesions directly with microbipolar cautery. The purpose of this study is to review the patients who underwent this procedure at our center.

Methods: A medical chart review was conducted from January 2011 to June 2023 looking for children under 18 years of age who had a base of tongue lesion resected using the FMR technique.

Otologic Symptoms Following Teprotumumab Administration in Patients with Thyroid Eye Disease.

Objective: Comprehensively characterize subjective otologic adverse events following teprotumumab administration with standardized patient reported outcome metrics. Understand the impact on patients' quality of life and perception of the medication.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.