Comparison of Complications, Metalwork Removal and Cost Between Locking and Tubular Plates for Lateral Malleolus Fractures Fixation.

Introduction Ankle fractures are common injuries in orthopaedic practice. Open reduction with internal fixation is the main line of management of displaced ankle fractures in fit patients. The study aims to analyse the complications, re-operation rate and cost difference between one-third tubular and locking plates which are the most frequently used constructs in lateral malleolus fractures.

JAG consensus statements for training and certification in flexible sigmoidoscopy.

Introduction: Joint Advisory Group (JAG) certification in endoscopy is awarded when trainees attain minimum competency standards for independent practice. A national evidence-based review was undertaken to update standards for training and certification in flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS).

Methods: A modified Delphi process was conducted between 2019 and 2020 with multisociety representation from experts and trainees.

JAG consensus statements for training and certification in colonoscopy.

Introduction: In the UK, endoscopy certification is awarded when trainees attain minimum competency standards for independent practice. A national evidence-based review was undertaken to update and develop standards and recommendations for colonoscopy training and certification.

Methods: Under the oversight of the Joint Advisory Group (JAG), a modified Delphi process was conducted between 2019 and 2020 with multisociety expert representation.

Trends in systematic reviews of kidney transplantation: A 10-year analysis of the evidence base.

Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) are the highest form of evidence for all types of clinical questions in evidence-based practice. For the first time in 2018, the number of SRs in transplantation outstripped those from randomised controlled trials (RCTs). This raises concerns of duplication or increased use of non-RCT evidence.

EQA: There's not a glitch in the matrix. Investigation of CRP bias on the Roche Cobas c701.

Background: The Roche Cobas c Tina-quant C-Reactive Protein (CRP) IV method has shown persistent, significant negative bias compared to other methodologies in the UK NEQAS external quality assurance (EQA) scheme. The aim of this study was to compare CRP concentrations determined by this restandardized 4th generation assay with another commercially available method to assess the extent of any bias and impact on clinical cut-offs.

Methods: CRP concentrations in 38 anonymized patient serum samples were determined by a particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay on the Roche Cobas c701 module and a latex assay on the Beckman Coulter AU5800 analyser over a concentration range of 1-308 mg/L.

Like Frying Multiple Eggs in One Pan: a Qualitative Study Exploring the Understanding of Inter-speciality Training in Cancer Care.

H igh-quality cancer care is a key priority worldwide. Caring for people affected by cancer requires a range of specific knowledge, skills and experience to deliver the complex care regimens both within the hospital and within the community environment. In June 2022, the European Cancer Organisation along with 33 European cancer societies began working together to develop a curriculum for inter-speciality training for healthcare professionals across Europe.

Epidemiology of porocarcinoma in England 2013-2018: a population-based registry study.

Background: Porocarcinoma (PC) is a cutaneous malignancy that differentiates towards (possibly arises from) the sweat ducts and glands. Lack of histological diagnostic markers makes clinical and pathological diagnosis complex. The limited data available suggest the incidence is increasing; however, this remains to be established in national epidemiological studies.

Delivery Models and Health Economics of Supportive Care Services in England: A Multicentre Analysis.

Aims: Improvements in cancer treatment have led to more people living with and beyond cancer. These patients have symptom and support needs unmet by current services. The development of enhanced supportive care (ESC) services may meet the longitudinal care needs of these patients, including at the end of life.

Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light chain as biomarkers of retinal neurodysfunction in early diabetic retinopathy: results of the EUROCONDOR study.

Aims: Neurodegeneration and glial activation are primary events in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are biomarkers of underlying neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disease processes. The aim of the present study was to assess the usefulness of these serum biomarkers for the identification and monitoring of retinal neurodysfunction in subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Evaluation of care with intravitreal aflibercept treatment for UK patients with diabetic macular oedema: DRAKO study 24-month real-world outcomes.

Background/ Objectives: DRAKO (NCT02850263) was a 24-month, prospective, observational, multi-centre cohort study that enrolled patients diagnosed with diabetic macular oedema (DMO) including central involvement. The study aimed to evaluate standard of care intravitreal aflibercept (IVT-AFL) treatment in the UK. This analysis describes the 12-month outcomes for patients with prior anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment for DMO other than IVT-AFL (C2), and 2-year outcomes for both anti-VEGF treatment-naïve patients (C1) and C2 patients.

Can endoscopic follow-up after acute diverticulitis be rationalised?

Background: Acute diverticulitis (AD) is a common cause of presentation to emergency surgical services. Follow-up with endoluminal investigation to exclude colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. Guidelines are increasingly moving to a more restrictive follow-up based on severity of disease and age.

Disengagement and loss to follow-up in intravitreal injection clinics for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Background/objectives: Timely assessment and treatment of patients with neovascular AMD (nAMD) are crucial to preservation of vision. Loss to follow up (LTFU) in these patients is a problem but this has not been systematically investigated.

Subjects/methods: A retrospective review of electronic medical records of patients with nAMD first treated with anti-VEGF therapy from 1st Jan 2014 to 31st Dec 2018, was conducted in January 2021.

Exploration of utility of combined optical photothermal infrared and Raman imaging for investigating the chemical composition of microcalcifications in breast cancer.

Microcalcifications play an important role in cancer detection. They are evaluated by their radiological and histological characteristics but it is challenging to find a link between their morphology, their composition and the nature of a specific type of breast lesion. Whilst there are some mammographic features that are either typically benign or typically malignant often the appearances are indeterminate.

'Get Data Out' Skin: national cancer registry incidence and survival rates for all registered skin tumour groups for 2013-2019 in England.

Background: Providing detailed skin cancer statistics, including incidence and survival, by tumour type and patient characteristics is important for up-to-date epidemiological information.

Objectives: To create a new clinically relevant consensus-based classification for registered skin tumours using tumour type and patient characteristics and to describe its application to all registered tumours in England between 2013 and 2019.

Methods: Tumours with skin topographical codes (ICD-10) and morphology and behaviour (ICD-O3) were grouped together in an iterative process creating a hierarchical tree structure.

Trends in incidence, treatment and survival of Merkel cell carcinoma in England 2004-2018: a cohort study.

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare tumour with neuroendocrine differentiation and high associated mortality. Studies that describe the epidemiology of MCC are often limited by small sample size, short duration of follow-up, absence of nationwide data and paucity of data on different risk factors.

Objectives: To determine the incidence, demographics and survival for MCC in England between 2004 and 2018.

Risk of Pseudophakic Cystoid Macular Edema in Fellow-Eye Cataract Surgeries: A Multicenter Database Study.

Purpose: To quantify the risk of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (pCME) in fellow-eye cataract surgery and to determine risk factors, including prior first-eye pCME.

Design: Retrospective, clinical database study.

Participants: Patients undergoing bilateral nonsimultaneous cataract surgeries in 8 UK National Health Service clinical centers between July 2003 and March 2015.

Visual outcomes and postoperative complications of eyes with dropped lens fragments during cataract surgery: multicenter database study.

Purpose: To analyze the visual outcomes and postoperative complications of phacoemulsification cataract surgery in eyes with posterior capsule rupture (PCR) and dropped lens fragments (DLFs) in comparison with a reference group with uneventful surgery.

Setting: 8 UK National Health Service departments.

Design: Retrospective comparative nonrandomized study.

Skin of colour: essentials for the non-dermatologist.

Doctors-in-training often receive an inadequate dermatology education. Furthermore, studies have highlighted the under-representation of skin of colour (SOC) in dermatological teaching, learning resources and research. Our image-based questionnaire, distributed to all internal medicine trainees in southwest England, highlighted knowledge gaps regarding SOC among training physicians.

British Gynaecological Cancer Society Recommendations for Evidence Based, Population Data Derived Quality Performance Indicators for Ovarian Cancer.

Ovarian cancer survival in the UK lags behind comparable countries. Results from the ongoing National Ovarian Cancer Audit feasibility pilot (OCAFP) show that approximately 1 in 4 women with advanced ovarian cancer (Stage 2, 3, 4 and unstaged cancer) do not receive any anticancer treatment and only 51% in England receive international standard of care treatment, i.e.

Evaluation of standard-of-care intravitreal aflibercept treatment practices in patients with diabetic macular oedema in the UK: DRAKO study outcomes.

Background/objectives: DRAKO (NCT02850263) was a 24-month, prospective, non-interventional, multi-centre cohort study enrolling patients with diabetic macular oedema (DMO) including central involvement. The study evaluated UK standard-of-care intravitreal aflibercept (IVT-AFL) treatment. This analysis describes the treatment pathway and service provision for the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment-naïve (C1) and non-naïve patients (C2) who received prior anti-VEGF treatment for DMO other than IVT-AFL.

A population-based matched cohort study of major congenital anomalies following COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Evidence on associations between COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of congenital anomalies is limited. Here we report a national, population-based, matched cohort study using linked electronic health records from Scotland (May 2020-April 2022) to estimate the association between COVID-19 vaccination and, separately, SARS-CoV-2 infection between six weeks pre-conception and 19 weeks and six days gestation and the risk of [1] any major congenital anomaly and [2] any non-genetic major congenital anomaly. Mothers vaccinated in this pregnancy exposure period mostly received an mRNA vaccine (73.