Clinical Outcomes and Safety Profiles of Generic Versus Brand-Name Clopidogrel in Patients Following Coronary Artery Stent Placement.

Coronary artery disease remains a significant global health issue and is a leading cause of mortality. Dual antiplatelet therapy, including clopidogrel, is essential for preventing stent thrombosis after coronary artery stenting. This study assessed the comparative efficacy and safety of generic versus brand-name clopidogrel in a large Taiwanese cohort.

Real-World Experience of Clascoterone Cream 1% in Acne Management: Case Series and Canadian Experience.

Acne vulgaris is a globally prevalent dermatological condition associated with substantial physical and psychological burden. Although acne typically presents during adolescence, it is a chronic condition that also affects many adults. Despite the spectrum of treatments available for acne, limitations in tolerability and safety concerns can present challenges for the use of conventional medications in clinical practice.

Comparative efficacy and safety of different recommended doses of telitacicept in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Telitacicept, a new biological agent, was approved in China for treating systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in 2021. Its optimal dosing for treating SLE remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various telitacicept doses in SLE treatment.

A Comparative Environmental Impact Analysis of Screening Tests for Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Healthcare is a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is one of the most widely used healthcare services in the US, indicated for approximately 134 million adults. Recommended screening options include fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) every year, CT colonographies (CTCs) every 5 years, or colonoscopies every 10 years.

Phage therapy in the management of respiratory and pulmonary infections: a systematic review.

Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) pose a significant threat to global health, causing more than 2 million deaths worldwide. This menace is intensified by the alarming increase in drug resistance, which limits the availability of effective antibiotics for bacterial respiratory infections. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for alternative therapeutic options.

Improving clinical care of patients in Nipah outbreaks: moving beyond 'compassionate use'.

The 2024 Nipah outbreak in Kerala, India-its fifth in six years-and the recurring annual outbreaks in Bangladesh underscore the persistent threat posed by the Nipah virus (NiV) in the region. With a high mortality rate, human-to-human transmission potential, and the widespread presence of bats, the natural reservoir, NiV remains a significant epidemic threat. Despite being a WHO priority pathogen, there has been no systematic effort to improve patient care for NiVD, leading to consistently poor outcomes.

Immunotherapy in gastric cancer-A systematic review.

Background: Gastric Cancer (GC) is the 5th most prevalent and 4th most deadly neoplasm globally. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment approach in GC, potentially improving positive clinical outcomes while addressing the limitations of conventional therapies. GC immunotherapy modalities consist of adoptive cell therapy (ACT), cancer vaccines, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).

Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: Promising therapy for heart failure.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome characterized by the reduced capacity of the heart to adequately fill or eject blood. Currently, HF remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, imposing a substantial burden on global healthcare systems. Recent advancements have highlighted the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in managing HF.

Afatinib and Necitumumab in -Mutant NSCLC with Acquired Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.

Introduction: Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective against NSCLC harboring sensitizing gene mutations, acquired resistance is inevitable. Preclinical studies suggest that combining EGFR TKI and monoclonal antibody therapies may have activity in mutated NSCLC that has progressed on TKI therapy alone. Therefore, we prospectively evaluated afatinib plus necitumumab in patients with mutated NSCLC.

Mechanistic Insight of Pharmacological Aspects of Violacein: Recent Trends and Advancements.

Since its discovery in the bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum, violacein-a striking purple pigment-has garnered significant interest due to its promising applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Violacein exhibits a range of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and antiparasitic effects, yet its complete molecular mechanisms are still being elucidated. Its mechanisms of action likely involve complex interactions with cellular receptors, signaling pathways, and specific molecular targets.

Research Progress of Microneedles in Vaccine Delivery.

Large-scale infectious diseases have become a significant threat to human health and safety. The successful invention of vaccines is the most powerful means for preventing infectious diseases and has greatly improved global human health. Even during the pandemic of COVID-19, which has affected the world, vaccines have played an irreplaceable role.

Mercury levels in freshwater aquatic products across China: Spatial distribution, species differences, and health risk assessment.

Freshwater product consumption is a major source of mercury (Hg) exposure in China. This study analyzed Hg concentrations in 12,560 samples from 29 provinces across China (2010-2021) and conducted probabilistic health risk assessments across various life stages. The average Hg concentration in China's freshwater products was 40.

Real World Evidence From 2 Decades of First-Line TKI Therapy in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML): Insights From ACHO's RENEHOC Registry.

Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment has significantly evolved with the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, access to these treatments and outcomes vary globally. This study examines 2 decades of CML management in Colombia using the RENEHOC registry, focusing on TKI efficacy, safety, and healthcare system challenges.

Stopping of adalimumab in juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (ADJUST): a multicentre, double-masked, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Adalimumab is an effective treatment for juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis. Data are scarce on the effects of discontinuing adalimumab after control of the disease had been reached. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of discontinuing treatment in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis.

Rationale and Design of the Prevail Global Trial Program Evaluating the Prevail Drug-Coated Balloon in Patients with In-stent Restenosis and De Novo Small Vessel Disease.

Background And Rationale: In-stent restenosis (ISR) remains the leading cause of treatment failure following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with contemporary drug-eluting stents. Especially in small caliber coronary arteries, restenosis is common following PCI and represents a treatment challenge. Drug-coated balloons (DCB) are an attractive alternative to stents for treatment of both ISR and small vessel disease.

Safety and efficacy of satralizumab in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis (LUMINESCE): a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.

Background: Evidence from preclinical studies suggests that IL-6 signalling has the potential to modulate immunopathogenic mechanisms upstream of autoantibody effector mechanisms in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of satralizumab, a humanised monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-6 receptor, in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis.

Methods: LUMINESCE was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase 3 study at 105 sites, including hospitals and clinics, globally.

Safety and efficacy of nipocalimab in adults with generalised myasthenia gravis (Vivacity-MG3): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Given burdensome side-effects and long latency for efficacy with conventional agents, there is a continued need for generalised myasthenia gravis treatments that are safe and provide consistently sustained, long-term disease control. Nipocalimab, a neonatal Fc receptor blocker, was associated with dose-dependent reductions in total IgG and anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies and clinically meaningful improvements in the Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scale in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis in a phase 2 study. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of nipocalimab in a phase 3 study.

Safety and Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota, Live-jslm (REBYOTA®), for the Prevention of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection in Participants With Inflammatory Bowel Disease in PUNCH CD3-OLS.

Background: Fecal microbiota, live-jslm (RBL; REBYOTA®), is the first single-dose, broad consortia, microbiota-based live biotherapeutic approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to prevent recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) in adults following standard-of-care antimicrobials. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common risk factor for rCDI, yet patients with IBD are often excluded from prospective trials. This subgroup analysis of PUNCH CD3-OLS (NCT03931941) evaluated the safety and efficacy of RBL in participants with rCDI and IBD.

Pharmacological, computational, and mechanistic insights into triptolide's role in targeting drug-resistant cancers.

As a promising candidate for tackling drug-resistant cancers, triptolide, a diterpenoid derived from the Chinese medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii, has been developed. This review summarizes potential antitumor activities, including the suppression of RNA polymerase II, the suppression of heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90), and the blockade of NF-kB signalling. Triptolide is the first known compound to target cancer cells specifically but spare normal cells, and it has success in treating cancers that are difficult to treat, including pancreatic, breast, and lung cancers.

Patterns of Treatment and Real-World Outcomes of Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer With EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutations Receiving Mobocertinib: The EXTRACT Study.

Background: Real-world data regarding patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR exon 20 insertion (ex20ins) mutations receiving mobocertinib are limited. This study describes these patients' characteristics and outcomes.

Methods: A chart review was conducted across three countries (Canada, France, and Hong Kong), abstracting data from eligible patients (NCT05207423).

Egyptian Novel Goose Parvovirus in Immune Organs of Naturally Infected Ducks: Next-Generation Sequencing, Immunohistochemical Signals, and Comparative Analysis of Pathological Changes Using Multiple Correspondence and Hierarchical Clustering Approach.

The present study aims to better understand the nature of currently circulating GPV strains and their pathological impact on the immune system during natural outbreaks among different duck breeds in Egypt. For this purpose, 99 ducks (25 flocks) of different breeds, aged 14-75 days, were clinically examined, and 75 tissue pools from the thymus, bursa of Fabricius, and spleen were submitted for virus detection and identification. Clinical and postmortem findings were suggestive of GPV infection.

The Ability of Combined Flavonol and Trihydroxyorganic Acid to Suppress SARS-CoV-2 Reproduction.

The global burden of COVID-19 continues to rise, and despite significant progress in vaccine development, there remains a critical need for effective treatments for the severe inflammation and acute lung injury associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, we explored the antiviral properties of a plant-derived complex consisting of flavonol and hydroxyorganic acid compounds. Our research focused on the ability of the flavonol and hydroxyorganic acid complex to suppress the activity of several key proteins involved in the replication and maturation of SARS-CoV-2.