Acceptability and utility of a broad test battery to evaluate physical functioning and frailty in community-based settings for people experiencing homelessness and addiction-Findings from the LEAP trials.

Background: Physical function deficits and frailty are commonly reported in people experiencing homelessness and addiction. Typically, geriatric, or general physical performance measures are employed to evaluate these constructs.

Objectives And Setting: We aimed to investigate the feasibility of a broad test battery to evaluate physical functioning and frailty in a non-geriatric community-based population of people experiencing homelessness and addiction.

Validation of harmonized cognitive assessment protocol within the Egyptian context.

This study addresses the urgent need for culturally sensitive cognitive assessments in Egypt by validating an adapted version of Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) to the Egyptian context. This version is to be used as a part of the Egyptian Aging Survey (AL-SEHA). We enrolled 300 participants aged 55 + from diverse backgrounds and meticulously adapted the HCAP for Egypt's linguistic and cultural context.

Factors associated with loneliness in Latin-American family care partners during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: COVID-19-related restrictions led to an increase in overall loneliness and social isolation. Before the pandemic, care partners reported higher levels of loneliness and higher loneliness prevalence compared to non-care partners. Because of the spread and severity of the infections, and the access to support spread, we expect a different impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on LATAM care partners.

Ruminative thinking mediates the effects of exposure to adverse life events on psychotic-like experiences.

Introduction: A growing literature has shown that exposure to adverse life events during childhood or adolescence is associated with the presence of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), which is in turn associated with the risk of psychotic outcomes. Ruminative thinking, i.e.

Effects of training protocols on dancers' balance: A systematic review.

Background: Balance is an essential skill for dancers, it helps reduce the risk of injury, and is related to quality of performance. This systematic review aims to investigate the effects of training protocols on the balance of dancers when compared to control groups.

Methods: Interventional studies, published until January 2023, assessing balance in all levels of ballet, modern, and contemporary dancers were identified in the PubMed, Cochrane, Lilacs, Scielo, Embase, and SPORTDiscus databases.

Cortical encoding of phonetic onsets of both attended and ignored speech in hearing impaired individuals.

Hearing impairment alters the sound input received by the human auditory system, reducing speech comprehension in noisy multi-talker auditory scenes. Despite such difficulties, neural signals were shown to encode the attended speech envelope more reliably than the envelope of ignored sounds, reflecting the intention of listeners with hearing impairment (HI). This result raises an important question: What speech-processing stage could reflect the difficulty in attentional selection, if not envelope tracking? Here, we use scalp electroencephalography (EEG) to test the hypothesis that the neural encoding of phonological information (i.

"Gender matters": the development of infographics to raise awareness and promote gender-transformative care in traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: To develop a series of infographics providing persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their circle of care with evidence-based information on sex and gender topics in TBI.

Materials And Methods: We employed an iterative participatory design engaging knowledge users, scientists, and experts in brain injury and patient education. To inform infographic content, we conducted an information needs assessment with knowledge users through semi-structured interviews and referred to our previously published evidence syntheses on TBI topics.

Bilinguals on the footbridge: the role of foreign-language proficiency in moral decision making.

Socio-cognitive research on bilinguals points to a moral foreign-language effect (MFLE), with more utilitarian choices (e.g., sacrificing someone to save more people) for moral dilemmas presented in the second language (L2) relative to the first language.

Long-term effects of collaborative dementia care on quality of life and caregiver well-being.

Introduction: Collaborative dementia care models with care navigation, including the Care Ecosystem, improve outcomes for persons living with dementia (PLWDs) and their caregivers. The effects of continuous care over long periods have not been studied.

Methods: In this randomized clinical trial with 456 PLWD-caregiver dyads with high caregiver burden, we evaluated the cumulative 5-year treatment effect on PLWD quality of life, health care utilization, caregiver depression, self-efficacy, and burden.

Higher socioeconomic deprivation in areas predicts cognitive decline in New Zealanders without cognitive impairment.

Previous studies identified individual-level socioeconomic factors as key determinants of cognitive health. This study investigated the effect of area-based socioeconomic deprivation on cognitive outcomes in midlife to early late-life New Zealanders without cognitive impairment at baseline. Data stemmed from a subsample of the New Zealand Health, Work and Retirement Study, a cohort study on ageing, who completed face-to-face interviews and were reassessed two years later.

Gaps in biomedical research in frontotemporal dementia: A call for diversity and disparities focused research.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is one of the leading causes of young-onset dementia before age 65, typically manifesting as abnormal behavior (in behavioral variant FTD) or language impairment (in primary progressive aphasia). Although FTD affects all populations across the globe, knowledge regarding the pathophysiology and genetics derives primarily from studies conducted in North America and Western Europe. Globally, biomedical research for FTD is hindered by variable access to diagnosis, discussed in this group's earlier article, and by reduced access to expertise, funding, and infrastructure.

Sex differences in work-related traumatic brain injury: a concurrent mixed methods study employing the person-environment-occupation model.

Background: Work-related traumatic brain injury (wrTBI) is considered a critical injury that can be prevented. Few studies have integrated clinical data and workers' injury narratives to inform sex-specific wrTBI prevention.

Objective: To examine sex differences in pre-injury factors and provide recommendations for primary prevention of wrTBI.