Impact of Varicocele on Testicular Oxidative Stress and Sperm Parameters in Experimental Animals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Varicocele has been associated with high seminal oxidative stress (OS), impaired semen quality, and reduced male fertility potential. However, the exact mechanism(s) underlying the development of varicocele-mediated infertility and the cause-effect relationship between varicocele and testicular dysfunction are not fully understood. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) is to investigate the impact of varicocele on testicular OS markers and sperm parameters in experimental animals with varicocele as compared to animals without varicocele.

Gender differences in ergonomics during simulated ureteroscopy.

Background: Female urologists report higher rates of work-related physical discomfort compared to male urologists. We compared ergonomics during simulated ureteroscopy, the most common surgery for kidney stones, between male and female urologists.

Methods: Surface electromyography was used to measure muscle activation during common ureteroscopic tasks in urology trainees and staff with different surgeon positions and ureteroscopes.

Cardiac Surgery Outcomes in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis Versus Peritoneal Dialysis.

Rationale & Objective: We sought to compare outcomes of patients receiving dialysis after cardiothoracic surgery on the basis of dialysis modality (intermittent hemodialysis [HD] vs peritoneal dialysis [PD]).

Study Design: This was a retrospective analysis.

Setting & Participants: In total, 590 patients with kidney failure receiving intermittent HD or PD undergoing coronary artery bypass graft and/or valvular cardiac surgery at Cleveland Clinic were included.

Perioperative Complications of Single-Port and Multiport Robotic Radical Prostatectomy: A Single Institutional Comparison Analysis.

Following its introduction in 2018, the Single-Port (SP) robotic platform has been increasingly utilized for various approaches of robotic radical prostatectomy (RARP). Despite the demonstrable benefits in enhancing postoperative outcomes, there has been limited evidence on its perioperative morbidity, especially when compared to the gold-standard multiport (MP). This study sought to compare the perioperative morbidity between SP and MP-RARP.

Performance of CT With Adrenal-Washout Protocol in Heterogeneous Adrenal Nodules: A Multiinstitutional Study.

CT with adrenal-washout protocol (hereafter, adrenal-protocol CT) is commonly performed to distinguish adrenal adenomas from other adrenal tumors. However, the technique's utility among heterogeneous nodules is not well established, and the optimal method for placing ROIs in heterogeneous nodules is not clearly defined. The purpose of our study was to determine the diagnostic performance of adrenal-protocol CT to distinguish adenomas from nonadenomas among heterogeneous adrenal nodules and to compare this performance among different methods for ROI placement.

Posterior Urethral Reconstruction at the Time of Rectourethral Fistula Repair: Technique and Outcomes.

Objective: To assess the impact of posterior urethral stenosis or defect on outcomes following rectourethral fistula (RUF) repair, we present a cohort of 23 men who underwent posterior urethroplasty concurrent with RUF repair.

Methods: We identified 130 men who underwent RUF repair at our institution between 2003 and 2021. Of these, 23 (18%) underwent simultaneous posterior urethroplasty.

Does Sperm Methylation Change with Fertility Status and Age? A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis.

The () gene is a paternally expressed imprinted gene, whose abnormal methylation appears to be associated with syndromes associated with the use of assisted reproductive techniques (ART), such as Angelman and Prader-Willi. Data present in the literature suggest the association between aberrant sperm gene methylation and abnormal sperm parameters. The latest meta-analysis on the methylation pattern of this gene in spermatozoa of infertile patients published in 2017 reported a higher degree of methylation in the spermatozoa of infertile patients compared to fertile controls.

The Evolving Landscape of Male Varicocele Pathophysiology in the Era of Multi-Omics: A Narrative Review of the Current Literature.

Male-factor infertility is implicated in over half of the millions of cases of infertility worldwide, and varicoceles are the most common correctable cause of male-factor infertility. The pathophysiologic mechanism for varicoceles is complex and next-generation technologies offer promising insights into the molecular underpinnings of this condition. In this narrative review, we highlight historical and contemporary paradigms associated with varicoceles, with an emphasis on the biological underpinnings of this disease.

External Urethral Sphincter Botulinum Toxin Injection to Treat Pseudodysynergia in Patients With Cerebral Palsy.

Objective: To evaluate urinary outcomes following cystoscopic external urinary sphincter onabotulinumtoxinA (BTX) injections in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Adults with CP can suffer from bladder outlet obstruction and urinary retention due to a spastic external urethral sphincter ("pseudodysynergia"). We have used BTX injections into the sphincter to relieve the obstruction and allow patients to maintain spontaneous voiding rather than intermittent catheterization.

Incidence and trends in the treatment of kidney stones in Canada A population-based cohort study.

Introduction: Our objective was to assess the incidence of kidney stones requiring acute care, trends in the surgical treatment of stones, and the demographics of stone formers in Canada.

Methods: We conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort study using administrative data from the Canadian Institute for Health Information. We included Canadian residents age >18 years, outside of Quebec, who presented between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2018, with a kidney stone episode.

Parenchymal volume preservation during partial nephrectomy: improved methodology to assess impact and predictive factors.

Objective: To rigorously evaluate the impact of the percentage of parenchymal volume preserved (PPVP) and how well the preserved parenchyma recovers from ischaemia (Rec) on functional outcomes after partial nephrectomy (PN) using an accurate and objective software-based methodology for estimating parenchymal volumes and split renal function (SRF). A secondary objective was to assess potential predictors of the PPVP.

Patients And Methods: A total of 894 PN patients with available studies (2011-2014) were evaluated.

Impact of COVID-19 on testicular function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Studies investigating the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on male reproductive function are few and heterogeneous, and results are often conflicting. This systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out on studies conducted in men with active or anamnestic SARS-CoV-2 infection to evaluate its consequences on the male sex hormone profile and semen parameters.

Materials And Method: This meta-analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocols.

Fully Automated Versions of Clinically Validated Nephrometry Scores Demonstrate Superior Predictive Utility versus Human Scores.

Objective: To automate the generation of three validated nephrometry scoring systems on preoperative computerised tomography (CT) scans by developing artificial intelligence (AI)-based image processing methods. Subsequently, we aimed to evaluate the ability of these scores to predict meaningful pathological and perioperative outcomes.

Patients And Methods: A total of 300 patients with preoperative CT with early arterial contrast phase were identified from a cohort of 544 consecutive patients undergoing surgical extirpation for suspected renal cancer.

Current Expectations and Opinions on Single-port Robotic Surgery: A Survey Among European Experts by the SPARC Collaborative Group.

Unlabelled: Single-port (SP) robotic surgery is a relatively new technology that is expected to become available on the European market within a year. We investigated the current expectations of robotic surgery experts and opinion leaders practicing in Europe. A 17-item online questionnaire was sent to 120 participants identified as "experts" on the basis of their general contributions to the field of robotic surgery.

A Social Network Analysis of Hemodialysis Clinics: Attitudes Toward Living Donor Kidney Transplant among Influential Patients.

Key Points: Hemodialysis clinic social networks spread attitudes and behaviors toward kidney transplants. Identifying and characterizing influential patients is a first step in future hemodialysis clinic social network interventions to promote kidney transplantation.

Background: Hemodialysis clinics help develop patient social networks that may spread kidney transplant (KT) attitudes and behaviors.

Add-on effects of oral tocopherol supplementation to surgical varicocelectomy on the outcome of assisted reproductive technology: a single-center pilot study report.

Introduction: Varicocelectomy is well known to improve the pregnancy outcome of patients with clinical varicoceles in assisted reproductive technologies as well as spontaneous conception. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the additional effects of oral antioxidant therapy after varicocelectomy on the pregnancy outcome in the assisted reproductive technology setting.

Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort study.

Standardization of the evaluation and surveillance of patients with BCG unresponsive high grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer clinical trials.

There are multiple ongoing and planned clinical trials that are evaluating novel therapies to treat patients with BCG-unresponsive high grade nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Importantly, there is considerable variation in surveillance strategies between these clinical trials, specifically with regards to the use of advanced imaging, enhanced cystoscopy, and mandatory biopsies, which could impact landmark efficacy assessments of investigational agents. To present guideline recommendations for the standardization of cystoscopic evaluation, surveillance, and efficacy assessments for patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC participating in clinical trials.