Chromatic vision and structural assessment in primary congenital glaucoma.

Primary congenital glaucoma is a rare disease that occurs in early birth and can lead to low vision. Evaluating affected children is challenging and there is a lack of studies regarding color vision in pediatric glaucoma patients. This cross-sectional study included 21 eyes of 13 children with primary congenital glaucoma who were assessed using the Farnsworth D-15 test to evaluate color vision discrimination and by spectral domain optical coherence tomography to measure retinal fiber layer thickness.

Non-penetrating deep sclerectomy versus combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy in primary congenital glaucoma.

Background: The primary mode of therapy in children with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and mild or no corneal edema is goniotomy, which has a high success rate. However, in developing countries, the diagnosis of PCG is usually delayed, and corneal cloudiness interferes with goniotomy. Therefore, trabeculotomy may be the best choice in such eyes.

Uncommon Complication Post-deep Sclerectomy: Giant Retinal Tear.

Glaucoma is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease. It causes progressive visual loss and is one of the most common causes of blindness worldwide. It can be categorized into open-angle or closed-angle glaucoma.

Primary congenital glaucoma in two siblings with different compound heterozygous CYP1B1 genotypes.

Objective: To describe the inheritance pattern and clinical variability of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) in a family with two affected siblings.

Materials And Methods: Two sisters diagnosed at birth with bilateral PCG, whose father had bilateral PCG and mother had bilateral microphthalmus, were subjected to a familial genetic study and ophthalmologic follow-up including intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, and collection of biometric and cup-to-disc ratio data.

Results: The inheritance pattern was autosomal recessive in compound heterozygosis.

Factors and outcomes associated with corneal edema and Haabs striae in primary congenital glaucoma.

Purpose: To identify specific factors and outcomes associated with corneal edema and Haabs striae in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).

Methods: The medical records of patients with PCG from 2011 to 2023 with >3 months' follow-up were reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative details and final outcomes were compared between eyes with and without corneal findings.

Nationwide incidence of congenital and infantile cataract requiring surgery in Korea.

Congenital and infantile (CI) cataract is one of the most important and preventable cause of blindness in children, but the incidence has not been studied in Korea. We collected data from the national claims database of the National Health Insurance Service of Korea from 2002 through 2019. We identified children who underwent cataract surgery within the age of 5 years, and cumulative incidence rates were calculated for each of the three age criteria.

Ocular Pathology and Genetics: Transformative Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Anterior Segment Diseases.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a revolutionary influence in the field of ophthalmology, providing unparalleled capabilities in data analysis and pattern recognition. This narrative review delves into the crucial role that AI plays, particularly in the context of anterior segment diseases with a genetic basis. Corneal dystrophies (CDs) exhibit significant genetic diversity, manifested by irregular substance deposition in the cornea.

Outcomes of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy in primary congenital glaucoma treatment: a retrospective study.

Background: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) in Chinese patients with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and identify factors influencing surgical success.

Methods: Fourteen patients (24 eyes) diagnosed with PCG who underwent gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy were recruited, and data on intraocular pressure (IOP), antiglaucoma medication, surgery-related complications, and additional treatments were collected during preoperative and postoperative visits. Surgical success was defined as IOP ≤ 21 mmHg and a reduction of > 30% from baseline, with (partial success) or without (complete success) antiglaucoma medication.

Secondary intervention after failed initial intervention for primary congenital glaucoma.

Aim: To report on the outcome of subsequent interventions after failed initial intervention for primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).

Methods: Retrospective chart review of children presenting with PCG and failed the initial glaucoma surgery in Alexandria Main University Hospital from 2005 to 2017. The data included demographics, preoperative, operative and postoperative clinical characteristics.

Comparative posterior corneal profile of keratoconus hydrops versus Haab's striae in congenital glaucoma.

Keratoconus eyes develop corneal decompensation more often compared to eyes with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) following Descemet's membrane (DM) tear. This study was conducted to compare the posterior corneal morphology in areas with DM breaks with regards to DM and pre-Descemet's layer (PDL) between the two. In this cross-sectional comparative study, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) scans of the posterior cornea of advanced keratoconus eyes with hydrops ( n = 12), PCG eyes with Haab's striae ( n = 15), and healthy control eyes ( n = 14) were compared for DM-PDL morphology.

General Treatment and Ophthalmic Management of Peters' Anomaly.

Peters' anomaly (PA) is a manifestation of complex disorders in the development of the anterior segment of the eye. The most recognizable feature of the disease is a doughnut-shaped central corneal opacity and adhesions between the opacity and underlying iris. Glaucoma is observed in 30-70% of patients, with up to 50% of the patients showing concomitant vision-threatening disorders.

Childhood glaucoma profile in a Southwestern Ethiopia tertiary care center: a retrospective study.

Background: Childhood glaucoma is a major cause of childhood blindness worldwide. The profile of childhood glaucoma has not been well characterized in sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, this study was designed to describe demographics, clinical features, managements of childhood glaucoma, and improvements in visual acuity (VA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) from baseline to final visit.

Clinical and diagnostic imaging profile of three anterior segment dysgenesis disorders presenting with infantile corneal opacities.

Purpose: To describe three anterior segment dysgenesis disorders with infantile corneal opacities, namely, congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED), primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), and Peters anomaly (PA) in terms of clinical characteristics, histopathology, genetic association, and diagnostic imaging profiles using imaging modalities such as ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and microscope-integrated intraoperative optical coherence tomography (i-OCT).

Materials And Methods: Seventy-four eyes with 22 eyes of CHED, 28 eyes of PA, and 24 eyes of PCG were clinically evaluated and underwent imaging using UBM and i-OCT. Corneal buttons of 16 operated patients underwent histopathological analysis, while genetic analysis was done in 23 patients using whole-exome sequencing.

Approach to primary congenital glaucoma: A perspective.

Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) occurs worldwide and has a broad range of ocular manifestations. It poses a therapeutic challenge to the ophthalmologist. A proper diagnostic evaluation under anesthesia is advisable for all children who do not cooperate for an office examination.

Use of the Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant as a buckling element in pediatric retinal detachment with a preexisting glaucoma drainage device.

Purpose: To describe a novel technique for repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in an eye with a previous non-valved glaucoma drainage device, the Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant (AADI).

Observations: A 5-year-old child with bilateral primary congenital glaucoma presented with an inferior retinal detachment (RD) in the left eye. The left eye had a history of multiple surgical interventions including combined trabeculotomy and trabeculectomy done twice, AADI implantation and subsequently phacoaspiration with IOL implantation, 18 months prior to presentation.

Effect of Trabeculodescemetic Window Perforation in Deep Sclerectomy on Intraocular Pressure in Primary Congenital Glaucoma.

Introduction: Primary congenital glaucoma causes vision loss if intraocular pressure is uncontrolled. Nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy is effective in treating primary congenital glaucoma. However, the effects of inadvertent trabeculodescemetic window perforation remain unclear.

In vivo identification of angle dysgenesis and its relation to genetic markers associated with glaucoma using artificial intelligence.

Purpose: To predict the presence of angle dysgenesis on anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (ADoA) by using deep learning (DL) and to correlate ADoA with mutations in known glaucoma genes.

Participants: In total, 800 high-definition anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) images were included, of which 340 images were used to build the machine learning (ML) model. Images used to build the ML model included 170 scans of primary congenital glaucoma (16 patients), juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma (62 patients), and adult-onset primary open-angle glaucoma eyes (37 patients); the rest were controls (n = 85).

Predictors of Glaucoma After Pediatric Cataract Surgery.

Prcis: Glaucoma after pediatric cataract surgery is common and challenging. Age at surgery and the presence of microcornea or other anterior segment (AS) abnormalities can be used to identify those at greatest risk.

Objective: To establish risk factors for developing glaucoma after pediatric cataract surgery [glaucoma following cataract surgery (GFCS)].

Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes of Turkish Patients With Pediatric Glaucoma Who Underwent Glaucoma Surgery in a University Hospital.

Purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of a pediatric cohort surgically treated for primary or secondary pediatric glaucoma (PPG/SPG).

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients with pediatric glaucoma who had surgery between 2013 and 2021. Relevant demographic and clinical data were cumulated and analyzed.