Intraocular Surgery for Retinoblastoma: An Evaluation of Current Evidence.

Background: Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most common intraocular malignancy of childhood. The prognosis in Rb directly relates to the spread of disease beyond the eye, particularly to the central nervous system. Therefore, until the recent past, surgically entering an eye with active or recently active Rb was absolutely contraindicated in most centres around the world due to the risk of iatrogenic extraocular spread.

Phenotypic Biomarkers of Aqueous Extracellular Vesicles from Retinoblastoma Eyes.

Recent advancements in aqueous humor (AH) cell-free DNA (cfDNA) genomics have opened new avenues for ex vivo molecular profiling of retinoblastoma (RB), the most common pediatric intraocular malignancy, where biopsy is typically prohibited. While these insights offer a genetic blueprint of the tumor, they lack multi-omic molecular phenotyping, which is essential for understanding the functional state. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), naturally present in AH, are promising by offering time-resolved phenotypic information.

Long-Term Outcomes of Ocular and Visual Preservation After Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy for Choroidal Malignant Melanoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term results of carbon ion radiation therapy (CIRT) for choroidal malignant melanoma (CMM), especially regarding the preservation of the eye and visual acuity (VA).

Methods And Materials: A total of 250 patients with intraocularly localized CMM treated with CIRT between January 2003 and September 2021 were included. The dose prescription included 60 to 85 Gy/4 to 5 fr, with only 68 Gy/4 fr used from 2018 onward.

Variations in anterior segment parameters among different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate anterior segment parameters across various phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), considering body mass index (BMI), serum estradiol and testosterone levels.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included 116 women with PCOS, with each of the four distinct phenotype comprising 29 women. Additionally, 29 healthy women were included in the control group.

Pleomorphic Sarcoma, an Atypical Conjunctival Tumor.

Sarcomas are malignant tumors of connective tissue with a mesodermal origin that, in rare occasions, is presented in conjunctiva; undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma represents <1% of orbital tumors. It is characterized by not meeting the histologic, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, or molecular criteria in the classification proposed by the World Health Organization. The authors present the case of an 82-year-old man, blind due to absolute glaucoma, who consulted for a conjunctival mass of a few months' evolution.

associated bestrophinopathies with angle closure and post-surgical malignant glaucoma.

Introduction: Mutations in gene have been linked to the development of refractory angle closure glaucoma (ACG). This study aims to delineate the clinical characteristics, genetic mutations, and disease progression in patients with autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) and autosomal dominant Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD) who are presented with treatment-resistant ACG.

Methods: This retrospective analysis encompasses a comprehensive ophthalmic assessment, retinal imaging, and mutational profiling of six patients diagnosed with bestrophinopathy and concurrent ACG, with a particular emphasis on the risk of post-glaucoma filtration surgery malignant glaucoma (MG).

A Case Series of Eye Removal Surgeries: Five Years of Experience at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre in Malaysia.

Background: Eye removal surgeries, also called anophthalmic surgeries, are usually performed for a painful blinded eye due to various underlying causes. In this case review, we intended to study the indications, the types of anophthalmic surgeries, and post-operative complications related to eye removal surgeries.

Method:  Five years of retrospective case review of surgical eye removals was conducted from 1st June 2018 to 31st May 2023 at Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM), University of Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).

The silent epidemic: exploring the link between loneliness and chronic diseases in China's elderly.

Background: Chronic diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes, are the leading causes of death and disability. Loneliness is linked to a greater risk of chronic disease. However, the lack of loneliness may change this relationship.

Lack of genetic association of non-melanoma skin cancer and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma.

Background: Prior research has shown a positive association of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG) in patients with non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), likely due to an increase in ultraviolet exposure associated with both. However, the role of NMSC as a genetic risk factor for PXG has not been examined. Thus, the goal of this study is to utilize Mendelian randomization with genome-wide association studies to evaluate for genetic causality while controlling for environmental confounders.