Prediction Model for Early Subacute Phase Tracheostomy Decannulation in Patients with Stroke.

This study aims to identify the factors influencing decannulation in patients with stroke who underwent tracheostomy during the early subacute phase. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 219 patients with stroke who underwent a tracheostomy at a tertiary hospital between January 2020 and December 2023. Among them, there were 155 males and 64 females.

Bloodletting at the ear apex for acute stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Despite innovative developments in acute stroke treatment techniques in modern society, many stroke survivors still experience complications, leading to a demand for complementary and alternative medicines, including traditional medicine. Bloodletting at the ear apex (BLEA) is a nonpharmacological intervention used for various diseases, including acute stroke, in traditional medicine in East Asian countries, including China and Korea.

Investigating the Impact of Additional Congenital Malformations on Speech Outcomes at age Five in Children with a Cleft Palate.

Objective: To determine whether children born with a cleft palate ± lip (CP ± L) and additional congenital differences (ACDs - including 'Congenital malformations and deformations' as coded in ICD-10), are less likely to meet the three national speech outcome standards at age five compared to children with CP ± L and no ACDs.

Design: An observational study, utilizing national data from the UK Cleft Registry and Audit NEtwork (CRANE) Database linked to national administrative data of hospital admissions.

Setting: National Health Service, England.

Socioeconomic Inequality in the Head and Neck Cancer Referral System: Redressing the Balance.

Introduction: Socioeconomic deprivation is a known risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC). Despite this, there is no current way to acknowledge this in two-week wait (2WW) referrals. 2WW HNC referrals have continually risen, and a self-reporting questionnaire was trialled with referrals to the ear, nose and throat (ENT) department with suspected HNC, allowing additional triage information not included in referrals to be obtained.

Annual hearing screening in children with osteogenesis imperfecta: Results from the first five years in glasgow.

Background: Hearing loss is common in people with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), although exactly how common is unknown. The prevalence of hearing loss in children with OI has been reported to be anything from 0 to 77 %. Brittle Bone Society guidelines suggest that, unless there are ear symptoms, children with OI should have their hearing tested every three years starting at age three.

Data-driven subclassification of ANCA-associated vasculitis: model-based clustering of a federated international cohort.

Background: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis is a heterogenous autoimmune disease. While traditionally stratified into two conditions, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), the subclassification of ANCA-associated vasculitis is subject to continued debate. Here we aim to identify phenotypically distinct subgroups and develop a data-driven subclassification of ANCA-associated vasculitis, using a large real-world dataset.

A systematic review of symptoms experienced by children and young people with kidney failure.

Background: Kidney failure at any age has a significant impact on quality of life (QoL) but the overall symptom burden for children and young people (CYP) is poorly described. Kidney failure has no cure and whilst transplantation is the preferred management option, it is not always possible, with patients requiring supportive care at the end of their lives.

Aim: To use the literature to understand the symptom burden for CYP with kidney failure who are approaching end-of-life.

Assessing Chronic Ear Symptoms in Bone-Conduction Hearing Implant (BCHI) Patients Using the Chronic Otitis Media Benefit Inventory (COMBI) Score.

Objective: This study aimed to determine improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using a validated disease-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) questionnaire in patients undergoing bone-conduction hearing implant (BCHI) insertion.

Study Design: A mixed retrospective and prospective correlational study.

Setting: Single tertiary referral center in the United Kingdom.

Comparison of endoscopic and microscopic stapedotomy in the same patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of audiological and postoperative clinical outcomes between the endoscopic and microscopic stapedotomy approaches.

Methods: This study employed a randomized, controlled design. Twenty-seven patients with bilateral otosclerosis underwent stapedotomy in both ears, with randomized allocation of the surgical technique (endoscopic vs.

Paediatric voice disorder: who to refer and how to assess? A summary of recent literature.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to update the reader with recent advances and current opinion on the assessment and management of paediatric voice disorders.

Recent Findings: Access to advanced multidisciplinary paediatric voice clinics has increased over the last decade. Often the assessment is combined between speech therapy/pathology and ENT surgery.

Effectiveness of septoplasty compared to medical management in adults with obstruction associated with a deviated nasal septum: the NAIROS RCT.

Background: The indications for septoplasty are practice-based, rather than evidence-based. In addition, internationally accepted guidelines for the management of nasal obstruction associated with nasal septal deviation are lacking.

Objective: The objective was to determine the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of septoplasty, with or without turbinate reduction, compared with medical management, in the management of nasal obstruction associated with a deviated nasal septum.

Traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the middle meningeal artery treated with selective coil embolization: A case report.

Background: Dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are reportedly induced by trauma. We report a rare case of traumatic AVF with a direct shunt from the middle meningeal artery (MMA) to the middle meningeal vein (MMV) and multiple drainage routes after head trauma. The patient was effectively treated with selective coil embolization alone without liquid embolic material.

Heterozygous loss-of-function SMC3 variants are associated with variable growth and developmental features.

Heterozygous missense variants and in-frame indels in SMC3 are a cause of Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS), marked by intellectual disability, growth deficiency, and dysmorphism, via an apparent dominant-negative mechanism. However, the spectrum of manifestations associated with SMC3 loss-of-function variants has not been reported, leading to hypotheses of alternative phenotypes or even developmental lethality. We used matchmaking servers, patient registries, and other resources to identify individuals with heterozygous, predicted loss-of-function (pLoF) variants in SMC3, and analyzed population databases to characterize mutational intolerance in this gene.

Three-dimensional biofabrication of nanosecond laser micromachined nanofibre meshes for tissue engineered scaffolds.

There is a high demand for bespoke grafts to replace damaged or malformed bone and cartilage tissue. Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers a method of fabricating complex anatomical features of clinically relevant sizes. However, the construction of a scaffold to replicate the complex hierarchical structure of natural tissues remains challenging.

Is Age a Limiting Factor for Audiological Results in Active Middle Ear Implants?

Active middle ear implants (AMEI) are implantable options for patients with sensorineural, conductive, or mixed hearing loss who are not good candidates for hearing aids. The aim of this study was to compare audiological, surgical, quality of life, and sound quality outcomes in adults <60 and ≥60 years receiving an AMEI. Twenty adult patients who underwent AMEI implantation were divided into two groups, <60 and ≥60 y.

Benefits of unilateral cochlear implantation in adults with asymmetric hearing loss: Audiologic and patient-related outcome measures.

Purpose: To investigate the benefits of cochlear implantation in adults with single-sided deafness (SSD) and asymmetric hearing loss (AHL).

Study Design: Prospective within-subjects repeated-measures.

Setting: Two tertiary cochlear implant centers.

Long-Term Follow-Up in Active Transcutaneous Bone Conduction Implants.

Objective: To evaluate long-term outcomes of active transcutaneous bone conduction implants (atBCIs) regarding safety, hearing, and quality of life.

Study Design: A clinical study with retrospective medical record analysis combined with prospective audiometry and quality of life questionnaires.

Setting: Three secondary to tertiary care hospitals.

Using simulation as a platform to prepare for ear, nose and throat emergencies in the coronavirus disease 2019 era and beyond.

Background: Following limited clinical exposure during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, a simulation-based platform aimed at providing a unique and safe learning tool was established. The aim was to improve the skills, knowledge and confidence of new ENT doctors.

Method: The course was developed through 5 iterations over 28 months, moving from a half-day session to 2 full-day courses with more scenarios.

Correlation of clinical features with neuroimaging in children with mild head injury.

Objectives: Mild head injury is defined as a pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13-15 at admission following head trauma. There are no clear indications for neuroimaging in such children. The aim of our study was to analyze the correlation of symptoms commonly encountered following mild head injury with any abnormality on the computed tomography (CT) scan.

Retrospective observational study analysing the trends in ventilation tube insertion in children in Scotland between 2001 and 2018.

Objectives: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is common, affecting up to 90% of children. Around 25% will have a persistent effusion with conductive hearing loss which can impact their development. Ventilation tubes (VTs) can improve their hearing in the short term.

Brain Abscess Caused by Oral Cavity Bacteria: A Nationwide, Population-based Cohort Study.

Background: Oral cavity bacteria are the most frequent etiology of brain abscess. Yet, data on the clinical presentation and outcome are scarce.

Methods: We performed a nationwide, population-based study comprising all adults (aged ≥18 years) with brain abscess due to oral cavity bacteria in Denmark from 2007 through 2020.