Impacts of visitors on female pheasants in pheasantry, Haripur, Pakistan.

Background: The interaction between visitors and captive birds is complex, with a potential impact on bird's behavior and welfare. Understanding this interaction is essential for effective conservation and management.

Methods: We conducted a study at the University of Haripur's pheasantry in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan to investigate the effects of visitor numbers, duration of visitor presence, and climatic factors on the behavior of female pheasants.

Coffee, antioxidants, and brain inflammation.

Coffee is the most popular beverage in the world and, aside from tea and water, the most often consumed caffeine-containing beverage. Because of its high caffeine concentration, it is typically classified as a stimulant. There are other bioactive ingredients in coffee besides caffeine.

Molecular targets of caffeine in the central nervous system.

Caffeine is an alkaloid obtained from plants and is one of the most consumptive drug in the form of chocolate, coffee and beverages. The potential impact of caffeine within CNS can be easily understood by mechanism of action-antagonism of adenosine receptor, calcium influx, inhibits phosphodiesterases. Adenosine a neuromodulator for adenosine receptors, which are abundantly expressed within the central nervous system.

Assessing the Impact of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr VI) at Varied Concentrations on Spirulina platensis for Growth, Metal Sorption, and Photosynthetic Responses.

Spirulina platensis, a photosynthetic cyanobacterium, has garnered attention for its potential role in environmental remediation due to its ability to absorb and metabolize toxic heavy metals. Understanding its response toward toxicity of one of the most common contaminants, Cr(VI) is crucial for assessing its efficacy in bioremediation efforts. This study aims to investigate the physiological and biochemical responses of Spirulina platensis to varying concentrations of Cr(VI) from 0.

Restoration of the soil fertility under Cr(VI) and artificial drought condition by the utilization of plant growth-promoting Bacillus spp. SSAU2.

The study explores the potential of an indigenous halo-tolerant microbe identified as Bacillus spp. SSAU-2 in enhancing soil fertility and promoting plant growth for sustainable agricultural practices under the influence of multiple abiotic stresses such as Cr(VI), high salinity, and artificial drought condition. The study investigated various factors influencing IAA synthesis by SSAU-2, such as pH (5 to 11), salinity (10 to 50 g/L), tryptophan concentration (0.

An Eco-friendly Strategy for the Synthesis of Spiro-benzimidazoquinazolinone and Spiro-benzothiazoloquinazolinone Derivatives using β-cyclodextrin as a Supramolecular Catalyst.

Background: Cyclodextrins selectively bind with reactants and facilitate chemical reactions through supramolecular catalysis, similar to the mechanisms employed by enzymes. In this paper, β-cyclodextrin was used as a supramolecular catalyst in water as a green, reusable, and ecofriendly solvent system to synthesize spiro-benzimidazoquinazolinones and spiro-benzothiazoloquinazolinones.

Objective: A supramolecular catalyst β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) is used to synthesize spiro- benzimidazoquinazolinones and spiro-benzothiazoloquinazolinones multicomponent reaction involving the condensation of dimedone, isatin, and 2-aminobenzimidazole/2-aminobenzothiazole.

Machine Learning-Based Anomaly Detection in NFV: A Comprehensive Survey.

Network function virtualization (NFV) is a rapidly growing technology that enables the virtualization of traditional network hardware components, offering benefits such as cost reduction, increased flexibility, and efficient resource utilization. Moreover, NFV plays a crucial role in sensor and IoT networks by ensuring optimal resource usage and effective network management. However, adopting NFV in these networks also brings security challenges that must promptly and effectively address.

Cyanometabolites: molecules with immense antiviral potential.

Cyanometabolites are active compounds derived from cyanobacteria that include small low molecular weight peptides, oligosaccharides, lectins, phenols, fatty acids, and alkaloids. Some of these compounds may pose a threat to human and environment. However, majority of them are known to have various health benefits with antiviral properties against pathogenic viruses including Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Influenza A virus (IAV) etc.

Genome sequence analysis of nsp15 from SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), a causative agent of COVID-19 disease created a pandemic situation worldwide. Nsp15 is a uridine specific endoribonuclease encoded by the genome of SARS-CoV-2. It plays important role in processing viral RNA and, thus evades the host immune system.

New Parasitic Records of Aves: Phasianidae () in Malakand Division Northern, Pakistan.

More than 24,000 species of helminth parasitize wild birds worldwide, and this number is expanding as interest in wildlife parasitology increases. The objective of the current study was to update the baseline of helminthological surveys conducted on chukar partridges () in northern Pakistan. After reviewing the available literature, a parasite-host association checklist was developed.

: A new species and section from Pakistan.

A new species, , is described from northern Balochistan and southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan based on morphological, molecular, and cytological studies. The new species is characterised by long runner-like cylindrical rhizomes of adult plants, cylindrical bulbs, linear leaves with minute soft hairs along veins, campanulate perigonium, and white to creamy white, ovate to elliptical, 4.5-5-mm-long acute tepals, with brownish to purplish nerves, stamens as long as to slightly longer than tepals, yellow to brick red anthers, hexagonal ovary, and white and papillate/warty along angles.

A novel homozygous truncating variant in PPFIBP1 further delineates PPFIBP1-associated neurodevelopmental disorder.

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are classified as a group of disorders affecting function and development of the brain and having wide clinical variability. Herein, we describe two affected individuals segregating a recessive NDD. The affected individuals exhibited phenotypes such as global developmental delay (GDD), intellectual disability (ID), microcephaly and speech delay.

Could the academic advisor, intrinsic motivation, and time management influence students' attitudes towards research work on campus?

Background: Research is essential and necessary for those who love learning, whether they belong to a research institution or not. Numerous elements influence researchers' attitudes towards good research work, but in this study we focus on the most significant ones: advisor support, intrinsic motivation, timing, and planning.

Objectives: The current study aims at motivating readers to help improve students' attitudes towards research work within the university context.

Knowledge, attitude, and practices towards cutaneous leishmaniasis in referral cases with cutaneous lesions: A cross-sectional survey in remote districts of southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Leishmania spp. and transmitted by female sandflies. Terrorism and counter-insurgency military operations in Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) lead to a large-scale migration of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and thus, new outbreaks of several infectious diseases such as cutaneous leishmaniasis occurred.

Case Report: Biallelic Variant in the tRNA Methyltransferase Domain of the AlkB Homolog 8 Causes Syndromic Intellectual Disability.

Intellectual disability (ID) has become very common and is an extremely heterogeneous disorder, where the patients face many challenges with deficits in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors. A single affected family revealed severe disease phenotypes such as ID, developmental delay, dysmorphic facial features, postaxial polydactyly type B, and speech impairment. DNA of a single affected individual was directly subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES), followed by Sanger sequencing.

Demographic factors associated with acceptance, hesitancy, and refusal of COVID-19 vaccine among residents of Sukkur during lockdown: A cross sectional study from Pakistan.

Background: The World Health Organization has identified vaccine hesitancy among one of the top 10 threats to global health. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has devastated global health with higher morbidities and mortality rates. Reducing vaccine hesitancy could achieve immunization.

Implication of scanning electron microscopy as a tool for identification of novel, nonedible oil seeds for biodiesel production.

Biodiesel is a promising, bio-based, renewable, nontoxic, environment friendly, and alternative fuel for petroleum derived fuels which helps to reduce dependency on conventional fossil fuels. In this study, six novel, nonedible seed oil producing feedstock were explored for their potential for sustainable production of biodiesel. It is very important to correctly identify oil yielding plant species.

Parasitic contamination of fresh vegetables sold in open markets: a public health threat.

Vegetables eating raw are a leading source of transmission of infective forms of pathogenic internal parasites among human beings. This research was conducted from April to October, 2017 to assess the parasitic contamination of vegetables sold at main vegetable markets in districts Lower Dir and Peshawar, Pakistan. Eight hundred specimens of different vegetables were purchased and soaked in physiological saline solution, shaken with a mechanical shaker for 20 minutes and processed by sedimentation concentration method.

SARS-CoV-2 new variants: Characteristic features and impact on the efficacy of different vaccines.

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its new variants reported in different countries have posed a serious threat to human health and social fabrics worldwide. In addition, these new variants hindered the efforts of vaccines and other therapeutic developments. In this review article, we explained the emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2, their transmission risk, mortality rate, and, more importantly, the impact of each new variant on the efficacy of the developed vaccines reported in different literature and findings.

Traditional knowledge about medicinal plant in the remote areas of Wari Tehsil, Dir Upper, Pakistan.

Traditional medicine is cheaper and easily available to local people, to care for most frequent diseases in the Northern parts of Pakistan. Our study aimed at inventorying medicine from local plants, documenting their uses, and assessing their market value in 2015-2018 during spring, summer, and winter seasons. A total of 15 trips were made, 5 in each season.

Evaluation of potent cyanobacteria species for UV-protecting compound synthesis using bicarbonate-based culture system.

The present investigation evaluates the potential of three cyanobacteria species , and BDUSM-13 for photo-protecting mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) synthesis using bicarbonate-based culture system. Current investigations witnessed noteworthy bicarbonate tolerance of all species (NaHCO; 0.5, 1 and 2 g L) in terms of their growth rate, chlorophyll content, biomass productivity and carbon fixation ability.

Comparing the phosphorus use efficiency of pre-treated (organically) rock phosphate with soluble P fertilizers in maize under calcareous soils.

In calcareous soils, phosphorus (P) availability to plant is impaired due to the formation of insoluble complexes with calcium and magnesium. Therefore, this study was executed to compare the P use efficiency (PUE) of four different P sources [rock phosphate (RP), acidulated rock phosphate (ARP), single super phosphate (SSP) and di ammonium phosphate (DAP)] alone or pre-treated with organic amendments (farm yard manure (FYM) enriched compost, simple compost and humic acid (HA)) along with control in maize crop under calcareous soils. All treatments irrespective of P sources received 90 kg PO ha.