6,862 results match your criteria: "Giardiasis"
Molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., and Entamoeba spp. infecting domestic and feral/stray cats in Jordan.
Parasitol Res
October 2024
Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed feces from 348 cats in Jordan, finding Giardia duodenalis in 27.9% of tested cats, Entamoeba histolytica in 0.6%, and no cases of Cryptosporidium.
- - Higher rates of Giardia infection were observed in cold semiarid regions (67%) compared to cold desert areas (24%), with indoor and outdoor cats showing similar infection rates.
- - Most Giardia infections were identified as zoonotic assemblage B, with a possible new mutation in the gene associated with this type, suggesting potential risks for zoonotic transmission from cats to humans.
Prevalence and genetic diversity of Giardia duodenalis in sheep from large-scale farms in Southern Xinjiang, China.
Acta Trop
December 2024
College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China; Engineering Laboratory of Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Forage Resources Utilization around Tarim, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China. Electronic address:
Giardia duodenalis is a significant zoonotic parasite. In this study, 767 fresh fecal samples were collected randomly from six large-scale sheep farms in Southern Xinjiang, China. Initially, G.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA rapid economical multiplex PCR-RFLP method for molecular detection and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis clinical isolates.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
December 2024
Division of Parasitology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (ICMR-NICED), Kolkata, India. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Giardia duodenalis is a major cause of diarrhea in low-resource areas, necessitating quick and affordable detection methods for studies and clinical use.
- A new multiplex PCR-RFLP technique targeting the tpi gene was developed and successfully identified Giardia in 6.33% of clinical samples while classifying them into different genetic groups.
- The method showed high reliability with sensitivity at 94.2%, specificity at 100%, and accuracy at 97.1%, making it a promising tool for diagnosing giardiasis effectively and economically.
Occurrence and molecular characterization of Giardia spp. in snakes from China.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis
November 2024
College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * This study analyzed 603 snake samples from different regions in China and found a 4.15% occurrence of Giardia, notably higher in corn snakes compared to other species.
- * Molecular findings revealed the predominant Giardia genotype was assemblage F, with another variant (assemblage B) known to infect humans, highlighting potential health risks and the need for better hygiene and surveillance to prevent transmission.
Retrospective Evaluation of Intestinal Protozoa Parasites in Patients Presenting to Kafkas University Health Research and Application Hospital Between 2019-2022.
Turkiye Parazitol Derg
October 2024
Kafkas University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Parasitology, Kars, Türkiye.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated the prevalence of protozoan parasites in stool samples from patients with gastrointestinal complaints at Kafkas University between 2019 and 2022.
- A total of 2,267 samples were analyzed, revealing that 7.63% contained protozoan parasites, with the most common being a specific species detected at 4.06%.
- The findings highlight the need for better hygiene, sanitation, and public health education to address ongoing intestinal protozoan infections, especially in vulnerable populations like children and the elderly.
Enhancing diagnostic accuracy: Direct immunofluorescence assay as the gold standard for detecting Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in canine and feline fecal samples.
BMC Vet Res
October 2024
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. are common parasites causing diarrhea in young dogs and cats, prompting a study that compares various diagnostic methods in 328 fecal samples from both species.
- The study found a higher prevalence of G. duodenalis in dogs (30.2%) than in cats (11.6%), while Cryptosporidium spp. was found in 4% of the total samples, with similar rates in both species.
- The research indicates that direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) is the most sensitive method for detecting G. duodenalis, and combining DFA with PCR is best for Cryptosporidium detection, with factors like sex and breeding history influencing infection rates
Molecular characterization of common zoonotic protozoan parasites and bacteria causing diarrhea in dairy calves in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
Parasite
October 2024
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
Article Synopsis
- Diarrhea caused by zoonotic pathogens is a major health concern for dairy calves and poses risks to humans, especially children.
- A study conducted on 343 fecal samples from calves in China found a 91% positive rate for various pathogens, with *Clostridium perfringens* being the most prevalent at 61.5%.
- Coinfections were common, with 67.3% of samples containing two to five different pathogens, and the research identified significant variations in pathogenic presence related to farm, age, and season.
Tunneling Nanotube-like Structures in .
Cells
September 2024
Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Centro de Pesquisa em Medicina de Precisão, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- The text discusses a protozoan parasite that causes giardiasis, leading to symptoms like abdominal pain and diarrhea, primarily due to its ability to change surface proteins and evade the host's immune response.
- High-resolution scanning microscopy revealed the formation of tunneling-nanotube-like structures on the parasite's surface, particularly when exposed to antibodies against its surface proteins.
- These nanotubes play a role in communication, both among the parasites and with host cells, indicating a complex interaction in the gut environment.
Prevalence and genotype analysis of Cryptosporidium and Giardia duodenalis from shelter dogs in South Korea.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports
October 2024
Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, South Korea. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Cryptosporidium and Giardia duodenalis are common parasites that cause diarrhea in dogs and humans, and a study was conducted to examine their prevalence in shelter dogs in South Korea.
- Researchers analyzed 345 dog fecal samples and found a prevalence of 6.67% for Cryptosporidium spp., with C. canis being the most common, and 17.68% for G. duodenalis, which was more frequent in dogs with diarrhea.
- The study discovered regional differences in parasite prevalence and identified specific genetic characteristics of the parasites, offering valuable insights into their distribution and types in shelter dogs.
Report of in a non-captive chital (Erxleben 1777) in Santa Catarina, South of Brazil.
Braz J Vet Med
September 2024
Veterinarian, DSc., Curso de Medicina Veterinária, UNOESC. São Miguel do Oeste, SC. Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- * This report details the case of a Chital deer infected with Giardia, which was rescued and brought to a wildlife center for treatment but unfortunately died shortly after arrival.
- * The findings emphasize the zoonotic potential of Giardia, as invasive species like the Chital deer may spread the parasite to humans and other animals, raising concerns for disease control.
Incidence and Molecular Detection of Genotypes for Giardia lamblia Isolated From Children in Zakho District, Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Cureus
August 2024
Molecular Biology/Biology Department, Faculty of Science University of Zakho, Zakho, IRQ.
Article Synopsis
- * Conducted in the Zakho district of Duhok, Iraq, the research aimed to assess the infection rate of giardiasis in children and to categorize the genetic assemblages present in fecal samples collected from four areas.
- * Out of 31 positive samples analyzed, 82.6% were found to be assemblage B (with sub-group B11 and B1V), while 17.4% were assemblage A (sub-groups A1 and A11), contributing important data to the understanding of giardiasis in this
Prevalence of and infections and their associated factors among schoolchildren in the Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia.
Food Waterborne Parasitol
September 2024
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box: 79, Ethiopia.
Article Synopsis
- Intestinal protozoa cause amoebiasis and giardiasis, which are significant health issues, particularly in Ethiopia, but their prevalence and diagnostic practices are often overlooked.
- A study involving 844 schoolchildren in the Amhara region found that 28.8% were infected with either amoebiasis or giardiasis, with specific prevalence rates of 23.8% and 7.3%, respectively, and a 2.6% co-infection rate.
- The study highlighted that risk factors contributing to these infections included age, rural living, improper latrine use, poor hand hygiene, consuming unwashed vegetables, and playing with soil, all of which showed statistical significance.
Establishing the Performance of Next-Generation Amplicon Sequencing for Detection of Giardia duodenalis in Ready-to-Eat Packaged Leafy Greens.
J Food Prot
October 2024
Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 20705 Beltsville, MD, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Giardia duodenalis is a common intestinal parasite affecting humans and animals, with different genetic types that vary in their ability to infect different hosts.
- This study developed a method using next-generation sequencing to detect mixed populations of G. duodenalis in fresh produce, specifically focusing on its presence in leafy greens like baby Romaine lettuce.
- The results showed that the detection of G. duodenalis was effective with higher concentrations of cysts, demonstrating the potential of this new diagnostic approach for food safety and understanding foodborne illnesses.
Prevalence and assemblage identified of Giardia duodenalis in zoo and farmed Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) from the Heilongjiang and Fujian Provinces of China.
Parasite
August 2024
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China.
Article Synopsis
- Giardia duodenalis is found in both captive and free-living wildlife, with a focus on Asiatic black bears, which are significant in China for their economic and medicinal value.
- A study collected 218 feces samples from bears in a zoo and a farm, using techniques like nested PCR to check for the presence and types of G. duodenalis.
- The results showed G. duodenalis in 22 samples, identifying several genetic assemblages, including zoonotic types A and B, indicating possible public health risks related to these bears.
Waterborne species and in resources of MENA: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Water Health
August 2024
Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; University of Nicosia Medical School, 24005, CY-1700 Nicosia, Cyprus E-mail:
Article Synopsis
- - The review assesses the presence and distribution of certain species and cysts in the water resources of ten MENA countries, revealing significant prevalence rates in various water categories.
- - Notably, raw wastewater and surface water are identified as the most affected types, with documented parasite prevalence rates of 24.5% for one species and 37.7% for another, despite the absence of reported waterborne outbreaks.
- - The findings highlight the need for stakeholders to implement stricter water contamination legislation to address the underreported presence of these parasites in MENA drinking water systems.
The Influence of the Protozoan on the Modulation of the Immune System and Alterations in Host Glucose and Lipid Metabolism.
Int J Mol Sci
August 2024
Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
, the cause of giardiasis, significantly impacts patients with metabolic disorders related to insulin resistance (IR). Both giardiasis and metabolic disorders share elements such as chronic inflammation and intestinal dysbiosis, which substantially affect the metabolic and cytokine profiles of patients. This review discusses the mechanisms of virulence of , its influence on the immune system, and its association with metabolic disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFand effects of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles against infection.
Arch Razi Inst
February 2024
Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus.
The current experimental study is designed to examine the and effects of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against , a major cause of parasitic diarrhea. The precipitation method was employed for the green synthesis of AgNPs by aqueous extract. In the, , cysts and trophozoites were exposed to AgNPs at 10, 20, and 40 mg/mL for 10-360 min.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular Detection and Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in Dairy Calves from Ningxia, China.
Acta Parasitol
December 2024
College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
Article Synopsis
- Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are foodborne parasites that can cause diarrheal diseases in humans and animals, with limited research on their prevalence in Ningxia.
- A study of 208 dairy calf stool samples showed a 13% prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and 1.9% prevalence of giardiasis, identifying various species and subtypes of Cryptosporidium and a single genotype of Giardia.
- The presence of zoonotic genotypes indicates a risk of transmission to humans, highlighting the need for vigilance to mitigate potential outbreaks and protect public and animal health.
Protozoan Infections in Cancer Patients: A Case Series.
Cureus
July 2024
Internal Medicine, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA.
Intestinal parasitic infections can cause significant morbidity and mortality in individuals with cancer. Despite this, they are often self-limiting in healthy individuals. is an anaerobic parasite that causes amebiasis in infected individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastrointestinal Alpha Heavy Chain Disease With Persistent Colonization and Refractory Giardiasis.
ACG Case Rep J
August 2024
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Diseases, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
Alpha heavy chain disease (αHCD) is a rare variant of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma characterized by expression of a monotypic truncated immunoglobulin α heavy chain. αHCD frequently involves the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and its pathogenesis has been linked to clonal B-cell expansion from chronic immune stimulation by infectious agents. We report a rare case of GI αHCD with 5 concomitant pathogens identified on a GI multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction panel, featured by persistent colonization and refractory giardiasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhibition of Giardia duodenalis by isocryptolepine -triazole adducts and derivatives.
Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist
December 2024
Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address:
Giardia duodenalis, a widespread parasitic flagellate protozoan causing giardiasis, affects millions annually, particularly impacting children and travellers. With no effective vaccine available, treatment primarily relies on the oral administration of drugs targeting trophozoites in the small intestine. However, existing medications pose challenges due to side effects and drug resistance, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic options.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComprehensive analysis of flavohemoprotein copy number variation in Giardia intestinalis: exploring links to metronidazole resistance.
Parasit Vectors
August 2024
Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Article Synopsis
- Giardiasis, caused by the parasite Giardia intestinalis, poses treatment challenges due to metronidazole resistance, but no markers for this resistance have been identified yet.
- This study examined 28 clinical samples from sub-assembly AII to assess variability in the flavohemoprotein gene's copy number, using digital PCR and next-generation sequencing, finding no link to metronidazole resistance.
- Results showed significant genetic diversity across Giardia sub-assemblages, with aneuploidy contributing to genomic variability, highlighting the need for more research to find reliable resistance markers despite advances in CNV analysis methods.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Giardia intestinalis Infestation and Assemblage of Isolates Among Monastery Primary School Children in Yangon, Myanmar.
Cureus
July 2024
Microbiology, University of Medicine 2, Yangon, Yangon, MMR.
Article Synopsis
- - Giardiasis was found to be a significant cause of diarrhea in children, with a study conducted on 462 students in Yangon, Myanmar, revealing a prevalence rate of 11.7% over three years.
- - The study utilized various identification techniques, including PCR-sequencing, and noted that socio-economic factors such as low parental education and unsanitary practices were linked to higher infection rates.
- - All identified Giardia isolates belonged to assemblage B, marking this research as the first to characterize human isolates at the molecular level in a lower region of Myanmar, highlighting public health concerns in densely populated, low-resource areas.
Occurrence and multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in diarrheic and asymptomatic children from South of Zhejiang province in China.
Acta Trop
October 2024
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China. Electronic address:
Giardia duodenalis is an intestinal pathogen that is found globally. Children are more susceptible and often suffer severe consequences after infection. Despite this, the health effects of this pathogen continue to be poorly understood and neglected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultiplex PCR for gastrointestinal parasites in stool: Benchmarking against direct microscopy and simplex PCR.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
October 2024
Department of Medical Parasitology PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India. Electronic address:
Purpose: To develop and validate a multiplex conventional PCR assay to simultaneously detect Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia in diarrheal samples as a rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive diagnostic tool for prevalent co-infections for improved diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in resource-limited settings.
Methods: Stool samples collected from patients with gastrointestinal symptoms after taking written consent, processed via wet mount, iodine mount, and PCR assays.