Intracranial Hypertension and Optic Neuritis in Two Unrelated Seronegative Cases.

Intracranial Hypertension (ICHT) is identified as the elevation of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) pressure in patients devoid of any underlying causes. Optic Neuritis (ON) is not typically seen as a complication of ICHT, and patients diagnosed with concurrent manifestation of both these disorders usually have some identifiable underlying cause. In this report, we highlight the clinical and para-clinical findings in two unrelated children presenting with high CSF opening pressures and Optic neuritis in the absence of any identifiable neurological or immunological cause.

The epidemiologic trend of multiple sclerosis in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran in fifteen-year period.

Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a major global health problem as a growing debilitating disease and according to the Global Burden of Diseases study in 2016 has had a 40 % prevalence increase in Iran during the 3 previous decades; far more from the Global prevalence which only increased about 10 %. Razavi Khorasan is the second most populous province in Iran with over 6.5 million people and its MS status is not clear; therefore, this study aims to define the current epidemiologic trend of MS in Razavi Khorasan METHODS AND MATERIALS: We performed this cross-sectional, analytical study in Khorasan Razavi Multiple sclerosis Center during 2021-2023.

Sixteen-Frame Gated Myocardial Perfusion SPECT as a Surrogate for Equilibrium Radionuclide Angiography in Measurement of Systolic and Diastolic Indices: A Cross-Sectional Study.

 Equilibrium radionuclide angiography (ERNA) has long been assumed as the preferred method to assess cardiac volumes as well as left ventricular systolic and diastolic indices. ERNA was used to diagnose subtle changes in cardiac function during chemotherapy or early stages of heart failure. Gated myocardial perfusion SPECT (GMPS) was introduced as a more feasible and versatile alternative to ERNA, but the precision of GMPS to assess systolic and diastolic indices has not yet been fully reviewed.

Health anxiety during a global pandemic: a comparison of medical and non-medical students in Mashhad, Iran.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted mental health worldwide, especially among healthcare professionals, including medical students, who were more exposed to pandemic-related stressors. However, health anxiety within this vulnerable group remains understudied.

Objective: This study aimed to assess and compare health anxiety and COVID-19 anxiety between medical and non-medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify factors associated with these forms of anxiety.

The Utility of Total Thrombus-Formation Analysis System (T-TAS) in the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Field: A Scoping Review.

Background: A wide variety of laboratory hemostasis tests is available, but the majority is plasma-based, static and unable to assess platelet function and fibrin formation simultaneously. The Total Thrombus-Formation Analysis System (T-TAS) is a microchip-based flow chamber system that simulates in vivo conditions for evaluating whole blood thrombogenicity.

Aim: A comprehensive overview of its applicability in different thrombosis and hemostasis related clinical situations is lacking and therefore this scoping review was performed.

Arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with and without tourniquet use: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis on clinical outcomes.

Background: The use of a tourniquet is common during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, offering convenience for the surgical procedure. However, the potential adverse effects of tourniquet use have gained increasing attention from clinical researchers. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the clinical outcomes of tourniquet application versus non-tourniquet approach during arthroscopic ACL reconstruction.

Investigating the Effect of Triamcinolone Local Injection on Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Radial Tunnel Syndrome: A Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Purpose: The role of corticosteroid injection for radial tunnel syndrome (RTS) has not been studied in a placebo-controlled clinical trial. The present clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effect of local triamcinolone injection on pain intensity, upper-extremity disability, and elbow function of patients with RTS.

Methods: Forty-nine patients clinically diagnosed with RTS were randomized into the intervention and placebo groups.

Neonatal complications of premature rupture of membranes in mothers receiving cefotaxime and ampicillin: A randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is one of the most common and important causes of premature births and peripartum mortality. Maternal antibiotic treatment affects the infantile prognosis. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of Ampicillin and Cefotaxime administered for the parturients on neonatal outcomes.

Navigating the intricate in-vivo journey of lipid nanoparticles tailored for the targeted delivery of RNA therapeutics: a quality-by-design approach.

RNA therapeutics, such as mRNA, siRNA, and CRISPR-Cas9, present exciting avenues for treating diverse diseases. However, their potential is commonly hindered by vulnerability to degradation and poor cellular uptake, requiring effective delivery systems. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a leading choice for in vivo RNA delivery, offering protection against degradation, enhanced cellular uptake, and facilitation of endosomal escape.

Trans-radial vs. trans-femoral approaches in diagnostic cerebral angiography: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of practicality and cost-effectiveness.

Background: Selecting most appropriate approach between the transfemoral access (TFA) and transradial access (TRA) for diagnostic cerebral angiography is a subject of debate.

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of TFA and TRA for diagnostic cerebral angiography.

Methods: We performed a systematic search through four databases to find relevant clinical studies.

The role of CREB and MAPK signaling pathways in ATLL patients.

Background: HTLV-1 is a worldwide distribution retrovirus with 10-20 million infected individuals. ATLL is an Adult T-cell leukaemia lymphoma caused by aggressive T-cell proliferation that is infected by HTLV-1 and is associated with an inferior prognosis. The exact molecular pathogenesis has yet to be fully understood.

Calculation of the Forearm and Hand Three-Dimensional Anthropometry Based on Two-Dimensional Image Feature Extraction: An Approach for Cock-up Splint Design.

Objectives: An alternative to both the time-consuming traditional and the expensive three-dimensional (3D) methods for splint design is to use two-dimensional (2D) images. The present study utilized image processing to achieve an automatic and practical method of anthropometry measurement to design and build a personalized and remote cock-up splint. This method is applicable for patients unable to personally attend clinic appointments.

Antioxidant effects of a novel pioglitazone analogue (PA9) in a rat model of diabetes: Modulation of redox homeostasis and preservation of tissue architecture.

Oxygen-free radicals have been implicated in the initiation of diabetic complications. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), known for their antidiabetic properties, also demonstrate notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Although a recently developed imidazolyl analogue of pioglitazone (PA9) has exhibited superior glucose-lowering efficacy compared to pioglitazone, its antioxidant effects remain unexplored.

Radiation Pneumonitis With 99m Tc-MDP Uptake in a Patient With Breast Cancer.

We present MDP bone scan findings of radiation pneumonitis in a 45-year-old woman with invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast, classified as stage IIIa, T3N2M0. The patient underwent a modified radical mastectomy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and subsequent radiotherapy, receiving the last session 7 months before the bone scan. Whole-body images acquired 3 hours postinjection of 20 mCi (730 MBq) 99m Tc-MDP showed incidentally increased uptake in the right hemithorax, confined to the lung parenchyma of the right lung on SPECT/CT images.

Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in Children: Insights and Outcomes from Iran.

Objectives: Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC) is a rare, potentially life-threatening condition. This study aimed to identify clinical profiles and outcomes of ANEC while assessing the accuracy of severity scoring in the Iranian population.

Materials & Methods: The present study collected demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological data from children diagnosed with ANEC.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Endoscopic Medialization Laryngoplasty with Autologous Nasal Septal Cartilage Graft in Patients with Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis.

Objective: The evaluation of endoscopic medialization laryngoplasty (ML) using autologous nasal septal cartilage graft as a treatment for unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) is crucial to inform clinical practice. This study was aimed to assess the efficacy of endoscopic ML on voice quality and patient-reported outcomes in UVFP patients.

Methods: This single-arm prospective clinical trial was conducted at Mashhad, Iran, involving 18 patients diagnosed with UVFP with different etiology, aged over 18years.

Impact of Melatonin Supplementation on Glycemic Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Several previous studies indicated that melatonin supplementation may positively affect glycemic control in patients with diabetes. However, research on the influence of melatonin supplementation on glycemic parameters remains inconclusive. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impacts of melatonin supplementation on glycemic parameters in type 2 diabetes by conducting a meta-analysis.