An exploration of healthcare professionals' knowledge and perceived barriers about acute oxygen therapy: a survey in a tertiary care hospital, Sudan.

Background: Oxygen is an essential drug that is commonly used in clinical practice, and its misadministration can result in severe consequences. This research sought to evaluate the knowledge and perceptions of physicians and nurses regarding acute oxygen therapy and delivery barriers.

Methodology: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based survey.

Cognitive Enhancers Consumption: Prevalence, Knowledge, and Determinants of Use Among Medical Students in Egypt, Sudan, and Jordan.

Background: Cognitive Enhancers (CE) are central nervous system stimulant substances known to improve cognitive functions. Due to high-perceived stress and academic pressure, CEs are becoming increasingly popular among medical students. As a result, they are more likely to misuse these substances.

Tapestry of postnatal emotional disorders: exploring the interplay of anxiety and depressive disorders and their associated risk factors in Sudanese women.

Background: This research aims to unravel the prevalence of postnatal emotional disorders with a focus on how postnatal anxiety remained under-estimated and often embroiled in postnatal depression.

Methods: Out of 600 postnatal women invited to take part in this study from two prominent primary care clinics in Khartoum, 468 women agreed to participate in this study. Three questionnaires were utilized in this study, a Personal Information Questionnaire (PIQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Beck depression Inventory (BDI).

Diagnosis and management of bacterial meningitis in adult Sudanese patients: a six years hospital based, retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnosis and management of bacterial meningitis in adult Sudanese patients in accordance with the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines for bacterial meningitis management.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study design was used to recruit all patients aged > 18 years who were diagnosed with or suspected of having bacterial meningitis and admitted to Wad Medani Teaching Hospital, Gezira State, Sudan, between January 2017 and October 2022.

Results: In total, 201 patients were included in the analysis.

Effect of TiO/FeO nanopowder synthesis method on visible light photocatalytic degradation of reactive blue dye.

Water pollution and scarcity of clean water are major issues of concern globally. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO) photocatalyst doped with ferric oxide (FeO) was used to degrade reactive blue dye (171) using sunlight irradiation. Two approaches were employed to synthesize the photocatalyst: synthesis of ferric oxide and titanium precursor through ultrasonic-assisted sol-gel method and using iron (III) nitrate nonahydrate with commercial titanium dioxide.

Quetiapine Versus Haloperidol in the Management of Hyperactive Delirium: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: In the population of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), most studies compared the use of atypical antipsychotics, such as quetiapine, with the use of traditional haloperidol in patients with delirium of various forms and etiologies. The role of such agents in patients with hyperactive delirium is not fully understood. This study compares the effectiveness of quetiapine with haloperidol in treating the hyperactive form of delirium in terms of their effects on the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98), length of stay in the ICU, and mortality in critically ill patients.

Thromboprophylaxis in Patients Admitted to the Surgical Ward: Clinical Audit.

Background: Hospital-acquired thrombosis (HAT) is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and financial burden globally. Following trusted guidelines for VTE prevention has shown effective, safe, and satisfactory results. This prompts national collaborative efforts to maintain a consensus approach for the safe risk assessment of inpatients and the prescription of thromboprophylaxis.

The Impact of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in Median Nerve Area in the Wrist Joint: A Case-Control Study.

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one cause of carpal tunnel syndromes (CTS); due to increased intracarpal pressure in the rheumatoid wrist, synovial enlargement, joint erosions, and ligamentous laxity cause the compression of the median nerve (MN). Materials and methods A case-control study was conducted to assess the measurement of median nerve areas in RA using high-frequency ultrasound (US) and to correlate the measurement with the disease duration. Forty patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 40 with non-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a control group were referred to the radiology department of Yastabshiron Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, from June to August 2022.

The association between female newborn and placental malaria infection: A case-control study.

Introduction: There are few published data on the influence of the sex of the fetus or the newborn on the rate of malaria infection. Moreover, the results of these studies are not conclusive. This study was conducted to investigate the association between sex of the newborn and placental malaria infection.

Phytochemical constituents, anticancer activity and computational studies of .

The cytotoxic effects of L. aerial part ethanol extract were examined against some cancer cell lines, and HUVEC normal cell lines using MTT assay. The ethanolic extract was prepared by ultrasonic-assisted extraction and analyzed by GC-MS and HPLC.

Global Health in Undergraduate Education: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Sudanese Medical Students towards Global Health Education: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Globalization and other relevant phenomena such as healthcare workforce, ageing of the population, brain drain etc. all necessitate medical curricula to transcend national medicine and encompass a more global approach. This is especially true in the context of developing countries which currently act as passive recipients of ongoing global decisions, health inequities or pandemics.

Morphometric measurements and the relationship with body weight in the Sudanese Dorcas Gazelle and Bohor Reedbuck.

The objectives were to describe the morphometric measurements and determine the best model for estimating the relationship between body weight and morphometric measurements of the two Sudanese antelopes, Dorcas Gazelle (Gazella dorcas) and Bohor Reedbuck (Redunca redunca). Twenty-four animals belonging to two Sudanese antelope species, six males and six females from each species were used. Data on body weight and body measurements were recorded from each species.

Oral health in Sudan: the current situation during COVID-19 pandemic.

The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has affected the delivery of healthcare services and posed enormous challenges to medical and dental care across the world. This article sought to explore various challenges implicated in the provision, access, and utilization of oral healthcare services in Sudan and to describe the current situation amid COVID-19. The oral health sector in Sudan has been experiencing multiple challenges in the delivery of dental care, and the current pandemic of COVID-19 has aggravated and multiplied the existing challenges.

Prehospital Delay and Its Associated Factors in Sudanese Patients Presenting With Acute Appendicitis at a Teaching Hospital.

Background Delayed prehospital presentation of acute appendicitis may increase the risk of perforation and other complications. This study investigated the prevalence of prehospital delay in the presentation of acute appendicitis, clinical features, and outcomes in Sudanese patients. Method A retrospective study conducted from January 2017 to December 2020 in a teaching hospital affiliated with Gezira University enrolled 191 patients with prehospital delay presentation of acute appendicitis (at least 48 hours from symptom onset).

Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Taif population: a case-control study.

Several reasons may underlie the dramatic increase in type2 diabetes mellitus. One of these reasons is the genetic basis and variations. Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms are associated with different diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes.

Logit model in prospective coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors prediction in Saudi population.

Analysis through logistic regression explored to investigate the relationship between binary or multivariable ordinal response probability and in one or more explanatory variables. The main objectives of this study to investigate advanced prediction risk factor of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) using a logit model. Attempts made to reduce risk factors, increase public or professional awareness.

Relative risk factors for seropositive hepatitis E virus among blood donors and haemodialysis patients: The pivotal role of primary health care education.

Background: Hepatitis E virus is a zoonotic virus with a worldwide epidemic outbreak. The aim of the study was to identify relative risk factors and co-infections concerning the seropositive HEV IgG among blood donors and haemodialysis (HD) patients in the central blood bank and renal dialysis centre in Wad Medani city, Gezira State, Sudan.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 600 participants, among them 180 showed strong seropositive HEV IgG.

Chemical and molecular examinations of some cowpea genotypes using simple sequence repeat and intersimple sequence repeat DNA markers in relation to their cooking quality.

Cowpea is a leguminous crop that has received widespread attention due to its high nutritional value. However, it is prone to losing some of its nutritional content due to the long cooking process. In this study, fourteen cowpea genotypes were evaluated for their chemical properties before and after cooking, along with the effect of different cooking treatments on the cooking time, considered as the main indicator of the cooking quality.

Outdoor Residual Insecticide Spraying (ODRS), a New Approach for the Control of the Exophilic Vectors of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis: Phlebotomus orientalis in East Africa.

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) due to Leishmania donovani is a neglected protozoan parasitic disease in humans, which is usually fatal if untreated. Phlebotomus orientalis, the predominant VL vector in East Africa, is a highly exophilic/exophagic species that poses a major challenge to current Integrated Vector Management (IVM). Here we report results of pilot studies conducted in rural villages in Gedarif state, Sudan, to evaluate outdoor residual spraying of 20mg active ingredient (a.

Black mulberry fruit extract alleviates streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats: targeting TNF-α inflammatory pathway.

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the effect of Morus nigra fruit extract in retarding the progression of diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods: Diabetic male Wistar rats were injected with black mulberry fruit extract (BMFE) at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight. After 4 weeks, microalbuminuria was estimated in addition to serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, creatinine and albumin.

Understanding sand fly sampling methods: sticky traps are attraction-based and not interceptive sampling tools of Phlebotomus orientalis.

Background: Sticky traps are generally viewed as interceptive sand fly sampling methods; although no previous experimental evidence has supported this assumption. In this study, we tested this assumption experimentally for Phlebotomus orientalis, the principal vector of visceral leishmaniasis in East Africa, and propose an explanation for the highly male-biased collection of sticky traps.

Methods: A number of field experiments were carried out in March-June 2016-2019, in Gedarif state, eastern Sudan.

Prospective breast cancer risk factors prediction in Saudi women.

Women's health is affected by breast cancer worldwide and Saudi Arabia (SA) is no exception. Malignancy has enormous consequences for social, psychological and public health. The aim of this study was to examine the risk factors for Saudi women from breast cancer using logistic regression models.

Demographical and population dynamics impact on public health of cutaneous in Al-Madinah Almonawra, Saudi Arabia.

Background: A cross-sectional study conducted in Al-Madinah Almonawra in held during the period from March 2014-March 2015.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed at analyzing the effect of population dynamics on the current situation of cutaneous in Al-Madinah Almonawarah area, a holy city that attracts millions of muslims annually.

Methodology: Epidemiological and clinical data were collected by especial questionnaire and laboratory specimens were collected using skin scraping and needle aspiration.

Interferon-γ receptor-1 gene promoter polymorphisms and susceptibility for brucellosis in Makkah region.

Background: Genetic polymorphisms that affect the production levels of certain cytokines and/or their receptors may determine the risk, severity or protection in some infectious diseases like brucellosis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of certain known Interferon-γ Receptor-1 (IFN-γ R1) gene promoter polymorphisms and the susceptibility to infection with Brucellosis in Saudi population.

Methods: A cases-control association study was conducted in 69 individuals with human brucellosis and 94 healthy individuals.

Surgical management of eumycetoma: experience from Gezira Mycetoma Center, Sudan.

Background: In this study, we share our experience of different operative techniques undertaken on 584 eumycetoma patients in the Gezira Mycetoma Center.

Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive, hospital-based study, conducted to review the surgical treatment of eumycetoma patients. We included all patients diagnosed with eumycetoma who underwent a surgical operation in the center during January 2013-December 2016.