Ocean Species Discoveries 1-12 - A primer for accelerating marine invertebrate taxonomy.

Background: Discoveries of new species often depend on one or a few specimens, leading to delays as researchers wait for additional context, sometimes for decades. There is currently little professional incentive for a single expert to publish a stand-alone species description. Additionally, while many journals accept taxonomic descriptions, even specialist journals expect insights beyond the descriptive work itself.

Description of a new species of the complex from the Caribbean Sea, and resurrection of from the East Pacific (Crustacea, Anomura, Porcellanidae).

The complex currently consists of six American species distributed in the West Atlantic, including the amphi-American . All species in the complex are similar in their adult morphology but differ in colour, size, larval morphology, and shape of the adult sternal plate. The West Atlantic species have different geographic ranges, which overlap in the southern Caribbean.

Phylogeny, morphology and chemistry reveal two new multispored species in the group (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota).

Two new multispored species from China, Li J. Li & Printzen, and Li J. Li & Printzen, are described and illustrated here, based on morphological, chemical and molecular evidence.

Life history and biogeography of the enigmatic mantid (Mantodea, Nanomantidae).

The biology and distribution patterns of the Sahelian mantid species are still insufficiently known. For the first time, records are confirmed of this species from Iran and the distribution map of its native range is updated. Records are compiled from the Sahel zone of North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and Iran.

An additional species of the genus Nemaspela Šilhavý, 1966 from a cave in Georgia, with a note on Nemaspela melouri (Opiliones: Nemastomatidae).

A cavernicolous harvestman species, Nemaspela kotia sp. nov., is described from the Kotia Cave (=Kotiasklde Cave) in Zemo Imereti plateau, Imereti Region, West Georgia.

Holotype sequencing of Rázuri-Gonzales, Ngera & Pauls, 2022 (Trichoptera, Pisuliidae).

While DNA barcodes are increasingly provided in descriptions of new species, the whole mitochondrial and nuclear genomes are still rarely included. This is unfortunate because whole genome sequencing of holotypes allows perpetual genetic characterization of the most representative specimen for a given species. Thus, genomes are invaluable additional diagnostic characters in species descriptions, provided the structural integrity of the holotype specimens remains intact.

A new species of (Trichoptera, Pisuliidae) from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

A new species of caddisfly in the family Pisuliidae from the Democratic Republic of the Congo is described and illustrated herein, Based on the presence of a pair of spines on the endotheca, this species belongs to the group. Additionally, is recorded for the first time from the D.R.

From the Ethiopian Bale Mountains hotspotFilopalpinae subfam. nov., a new taxon of Laniatorean harvestmen based on external and genital morphology (Arachnida, Opiliones, Assamiidae).

Filopalpinae subfam. nov. is proposed as a new subfamily within family Assamiidae based on a new genus, Filopalpus gen.

sp. n., a new isopod of the genus (Crustacea, Malacostraca, Isopoda) from the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean.

Background: In the framework of the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Expedion JR 15005 SO-AntEco, held in February-March 2016, the South Orkney Islands seafloor was sampled in order to investigate the distribution and composition of benthic communities around the area.

New Information: A new species of the genus Ohlin, 1901 is described from the Burdwood Bank area (South Orkney Islands). It has been collected during the SO-AntEco JR15005 RRS James Clark Ross expedition under the lead of the British Antarctic Survey (BAS).

New genetic data reveals a new species of in Bosnia (Gastropoda, Ellobioidea, Carychiinae).

Recent integrative investigations of the terrestrial ellobiid genus, , have revealed significant findings concerning its Alpine-Dinaric evolution and taxonomy. Due to the expected discrepancy between the useful, but limited, 1970s' classification system based on shell data and the results of recent genetic analyses in the latest investigation, a revision of the entire radiation was undertaken, and a new classification system was devised by the present authors in an earlier paper. Concurrent to this work, molecular sequences from two Austrian caves were published independently of our revision by another research group.

Brignoli, 1978 (Araneae: Agelenidae) from Turkey: first description of male and annotations on terminology of copulatory organs.

Background: The agelenid spider species Brignoli, 1978 was described, based on female specimens from Turkey.

New Information: The unknown male is here described, based on specimens from the type locality: Bolu, Abant Mountains, Turkey. The variation of the female copulatory organs is illustrated.

sp. n. (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), a new species from Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park in the Republic of Kosovo, with molecular and ecological notes.

Background: The Western Balkans are an important hotspot of caddisfly diversity in Europe, with several microscale endemics, many of which were discovered during the recent years. The genus Wallengren, 1891 likely originated and diversified in Europe, with the Balkan Peninsula being one of the most important diversity hotspots.

New Information: In this paper, we describe the new species sp.

Detection and annotation of plant organs from digitised herbarium scans using deep learning.

As herbarium specimens are increasingly becoming digitised and accessible in online repositories, advanced computer vision techniques are being used to extract information from them. The presence of certain plant organs on herbarium sheets is useful information in various scientific contexts and automatic recognition of these organs will help mobilise such information. In our study, we use deep learning to detect plant organs on digitised herbarium specimens with Faster R-CNN.

A taxonomic study on Epedanidae from Thailand including functional aspects of male genital morphology (Opiliones, Laniatores).

The South-East Asian opilionid family Epedanidae Sørensen, 1886 has one of its strongholds in Thailand from where a multitude of genera and species have been described but the epedanid fauna of the country is still poorly known. This paper records four species from this country, three of which are new: (male and female), (male and female), and (male and female). Suzuki, 1969 was previously known only from the type locality in Thailand and is redescribed here.

gen. nov., a new genus of the spider family Deinopidae from Asia.

A new genus of the spider family Deinopidae C.L. Koch, 1850 is described from Asia: Lin & Li , with Lin & Li as the type species.

Delimitation and description of three new species of Himalopsyche (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae) from the Hengduan Mountains, China.

Three new species of the genus Himalopsyche (Trichoptera, Rhyacophilidae) from the Hengduan Mountains in China are described. Species delimitation was based on diagnostic features of genitalia, as well as molecular data from six genes analysed using the multi-species coalescent method STACEY. Formal descriptions are focused on genital morphology.

Establishing a new species group of Jäger, 2000 with the description of two new species (Araneae, Sparassidae).

The huntsman spider genus Jäger, 2000 contains 140 species worldwide, of which 61 have been described from China. In this paper, this knowledge is increased by the description of two new species from Yunnan Province in China. These new species, (♀) and (♂♀), are treated with five previously described ones, Xu & Yin, 2000 (♂♀), Jäger, 2001 (♂♀), Jäger, Li & Krehenwinkel, 2015 (♂♀), Jäger & Vedel, 2007 (♂), and Yang & Hu, 2001 (♂♀), as the newly defined species group.

Fulfilling the taxonomic consequence after DNA Barcoding: sp. n. (Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae) from Panama is described using computed tomographic (CT) imaging.

Five years ago, the Panamanian evolutionary lineage (EL) C12 was uncovered along with four other ELs in an integrative phylogenetic investigation of worldwide Carychiidae. Since EL C12 lacked shell material post-molecular analysis to serve as a museum voucher, it remained undescribed. Now, after recent collection efforts of C12 and the congener, Jochum & Weigand, 2017 at their original Panamanian sites, C12 is morphologically described and formally assigned the name, Jochum, In sync with recent taxonomic treatment of the genus, computed tomography (CT) is used in this work to differentiate shells of from geographically-proximal, Caribbean, North and Central American congeners.

Rediscovery of Roewer, 1938 (Opiliones, Laniatores, Epedanidae) in Sabah, Malaysia.

Roewer, 1938, originally reported from Indonesian Borneo, is redescribed based on the specimens from Malaysia. The genitalia of this species are described for the first time and a new genital terminology is proposed. The rediscovery expands the known distribution of the species to Malaysian Borneo.

Tetrablemmidae, a spider family newly recorded from Cambodia (Arachnida, Araneae).

The family Tetrablemmidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873 is reported from Cambodia for the first time. Two species belonging to the genus O.

Molecular association and morphological characterisation of larval types (Trichoptera, Rhyacophilidae).

Banks, 1940 (Trichoptera, Rhyacophilidae) is a genus of caddisflies inhabiting mountain and alpine environments in Central and East Asia and the Nearctic. Of 53 known species, only five species have been described previously in the aquatic larval stage. We perform life stage association using three strategies (GMYC, PTP, and reciprocal monophyly) based on fragments of two molecular markers: the nuclear CAD, and the mitochondrial COI gene.