Vitamin D modulates the content of inflammatory microRNAs in extracellular vesicles from human adipocyte cells in inflammatory context.

Inflammation of adipose tissue is a contributing factor to many chronic diseases associated with obesity. We previously showed that micronutrients such as vitamin D (VD) limited this metabolic inflammation by decreasing inflammatory markers expression including miR-155 (microRNA-155) or miR-146a in different in vitro and in vivo models. These miRNAs could be incorporated into extracellular vesicles (EVs) in order to modulate the activity of target cells.

A Highly Dispersed Heterogeneous Cobalt Catalyst for Efficient Domino Hydroformylation Reductive Amination of Olefins.

The hydroaminomethylation of alkenes using CO and H proceeds efficiently in the presence of a heterogeneous Co-N/C catalyst with highly dispersed metal centers. Various secondary and tertiary amines can be effectively synthesized from cyclic and linear aliphatic alkenes using this specific material. The active sites of the optimal catalyst result from the synergistic effect of atomically dispersed Co sites with their surrounding N atoms, and the high surface area as well as structural defects of the NC support.

Suppression of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 in UMR106 Osteoblast-Like Cells and MC3T3-E1 Cells by Adipokine Chemerin.

Endocrine fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) derived from bone governs phosphate and vitamin D metabolism. Paracrine FGF23 has additional functions in different organs. Moreover, plasma FGF23 is correlated with outcomes in chronic kidney disease.

Decoding in the Fourth Dimension: Classification of Temporal Patterns and Their Generalization Across Locations.

Neuroimaging research has increasingly used decoding techniques, in which multivariate statistical methods identify patterns in neural data that allow the classification of experimental conditions or participant groups. Typically, the features used for decoding are spatial in nature, including voxel patterns and electrode locations. However, the strength of many neurophysiological recording techniques such as electroencephalography or magnetoencephalography is in their rich temporal, rather than spatial, content.

Comparison of water exchange measurements between filter-exchange imaging and diffusion time-dependent kurtosis imaging in the human brain.

Purpose: Filter-exchange imaging (FEXI) and diffusion time (t)-dependent kurtosis imaging (DKI(t)) are two diffusion-based methods that have been proposed for in vivo measurements of water exchange rates. Few studies have directly compared these methods. We aimed to investigate whether FEXI and DKI(t) yield comparable water exchange measurements in the human brain in vivo.

Rapid quantitative MRI at 46 mT: Accelerated T and T mapping with low-rank reconstructions.

Purpose: To evaluate accelerated T- and T-mapping techniques for ultra-low-field MRI using low-rank reconstruction methods.

Methods: Two low-rank-based algorithms, image-based locally low-rank (LLR) and k-space-based structured low-rank (SLR), were implemented to accelerate T and T mapping on a 46 mT Halbach MRI scanner. Data were acquired with 3D turbo spin-echo sequences using variable-density poisson-disk random sampling patterns.

Enhancer-dependent gene regulation in space, time, and malignancies.

Control of cell-type-specific gene activation requires the coordinated activity of distal regulatory elements, including enhancers, whose inputs must be temporally integrated. Dysregulation of this regulatory capacity, such as aberrant usage of enhancers, can result in malignant transformation of cells. In this review, we provide an overview of our current understanding of enhancer-driven gene regulation and discuss how this activity may be integrated across time, followed by epigenetic and structural alterations of enhancers in cancers.

The gut microbiome is associated with disease-free survival in stage I-III colorectal cancer patients.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second overall leading cause of cancer death in the United States, with recurrence being a frequent cause of mortality. Approaches to improve disease-free survival (DFS) are urgently needed. The gut microbiome, reflected in fecal samples, is likely mechanistically linked to CRC progression and may serve as a non-invasive biomarker.

The Double Erosion of Liberal Citizenship: Economization and Moralization.

Contemporary liberal state citizenship is hollowed-out from two sides simultaneously. One is economization: it foregrounds the capacity to "contribute" and to be self-providing as criterion for naturalization, and it shows the imprint of neoliberalism as political-ordering and subject-forming principle. The other is moralization: it asks certain applicants for citizenship not just for observing the law but internalizing and identifying with its underlying values, and it occurs in a context of allegedly failing Muslim immigration, particularly in Western Europe.

Comparison of visual assessment and quantitative goodness-of-fit metrics on GUTS model fits.

For the application of toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models in the European environmental risk assessment (ERA) of plant protection products, it is recommended to evaluate model predictions of the calibration as well as the independent validation data set based on qualitative criteria (visual assessment) and quantitative goodness-of-fit (GoF) metrics. The aims of this study were to identify whether quantitative criteria coincide with human visual perception of model performance and which evaluator characteristics influence their perception. In an anonymous online survey, > 70 calibration and validation general unified threshold models of survival (GUTS) fits were ranked by 64 volunteers with a professional interest in ecotoxicology and TKTD modeling.

Subnanometer Tracking of the Oxidation State on CoO Nanoparticles by Identical Location Imaging and Spectroscopy.

Understanding a catalytic reaction requires tools that elucidate the structure of the catalyst surface and subsurface, ideally at atomic resolution and under reaction conditions. Operando electron microscopy meets this requirement in some cases, but fails in others where the required reaction conditions cannot be reached or lead to an unwanted influence of the electron beam on the reactant and catalyst. We introduce ILIAS (identical location imaging and spectroscopy) in combination with a quasi in situ approach to disentangle the effect of heat and gas on the surface of nanoparticles from the effect of the electron beam.

Viral influencers: deciphering the role of endogenous retroviral LTR12 repeats in cellular gene expression.

The human genome is like a museum of ancient retroviral infections. It contains a large number of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) that bear witness to past integration events. About 5,000 of them are so-called long terminal repeat 12 (LTR12) elements.

Decomposition of Binary Mixtures of DMC/EC, EMC/EC, and DEC/EC on Potassium Surfaces; GC, XPS, and Calculation.

Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) have emerged as promising candidates for low-cost, high-energy storage systems, driven by their fast ionic conductivity and high operating voltage. To develop advanced KIBs, the performance is usually evaluated in half-cell tests using highly reactive potassium metal, which often leads to misinterpretation of the results due to degradation processes between metal anode and electrolyte components. Here, we systematically investigated the surface reactivity of potassium metal, which is in contact with commonly used solvent combinations, namely, mixtures of ethylene carbonate and linear bis(alkyl)carbonates.

[The role of food allergy in the development of rosacea].

Rosacea is a chronic skin disease in which a violation of its barrier function can lead to the penetration of various allergens that normally do not penetrate, and as a result, the development of sensitization. The study of the spectrum of sensitization to food allergens in patients with rosacea is especially relevant, since it can contribute to the discovery of new disease triggers and determine a personalized approach to therapy. of the research was to study the features of the spectrum of sensitization to food and pollen (cross-reacting) allergens in patients with rosacea.

Body Shapes of Multiple Anthropometric Traits and All-cause and Cause-specific Mortality in the UK Biobank.

Background: Individual traditional anthropometric measures such as body mass index and waist circumference may not fully capture the relation of adiposity to mortality. Investigating multitrait body shapes could overcome this limitation, deepening insights into adiposity and mortality.

Methods: Using UK Biobank data from 462,301 adults (40-69 years at baseline: 2006-2010), we derived four body shapes from principal component analysis on body mass index, height, weight, waist and hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio.

First genome sequence of a purple sulphur bacterium of the genus , its characterization as a new isolate of and proposal of strain Um2 as neotype of this species.

A new alkaliphilic strain of a purple sulphur bacterium designated as Um2 (=KCTC 25734=VKM B-3893=UQM 41073) with bacteriochlorophyll and internal photosynthetic membranes of tubular type was isolated from the Umhei hydrothermal system (40 °C, pH 9.3 and salinity 0.42 g l) located in the Baikal rift zone (Russia).

Elevated Frame Rates During Exercise Echocardiography Improve Speckle Tracking Success Rate and Augment Deformation Values.

Although 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) is important for the clinical quantification of myocardial function it remains unknown whether increased frame rates during exercise STE augment tracking success and absolute deformation values. 19 participants (15 male and 4 female; age 26.7±4.

Correction: Fahmy et al. Optimized Icariin Cubosomes Exhibit Augmented Cytotoxicity against SKOV-3 Ovarian Cancer Cells. 2021, , 20.

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Comparative Analysis of Caco-2 Cells and Human Jejunal and Duodenal Enteroid-Derived Cells in Gel- and Membrane-Based Barrier Models of Intestinal Permeability.

Intestinal absorption is a key toxicokinetics parameter. While the colon carcinoma cell line Caco-2 is the most used in vitro model to estimate human drug absorption, models representing other intestinal segments are developed. We characterized the morphology, tissue-specific markers and functionality of three human intestinal cell types: Caco-2, primary human enteroid-derived cells from jejunum (J2), and duodenum (D109) when cultured in the OrganoPlate® 3-lane 40 microphysiological system (MPS) or static 24-well Transwells™.

Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy: toward the path of dihydrogen isotopologue detection in porous materials.

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is a powerful method to characterize the local framework structure of nanoporous materials during the dihydrogen isotopologue adsorption process. It also allows for exploring the adsorption sites of the dihydrogen isotopes and monitoring their desorption characteristics on the microscopic scale. The paramagnetic spin probes in the form of transition metal ions or organic radicals are required for EPR spectroscopy and are introduced either at the framework lattice position or in the pores of the metal-organic frameworks.

Response to the critiques (and encouragements) on our critique of motivation constructs.

The target article argued that motivation constructs are treated as black boxes and called for work that specifies the mental computational processes underlying motivated behavior. In response to critical commentaries, we clarify our philosophical standpoint, elaborate on the meaning of mental computational processes and why past work was not sufficient, and discuss the opportunities to expand the scope of the framework.