Prognostic value of CD163 macrophages in solid tumor malignancies: A scoping review.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play crucial roles in development and progression of malignant diseases. Notably, CD163 TAMs likely perform specific pro-tumorigenic functions, suggesting that this subset may serve as both prognostic biomarkers and targets for future anti-cancer therapy. We conducted a scoping review to map the current knowledge on the prognostic role of CD163 TAMs in the five most lethal cancers worldwide: Lung, colorectal, gastric, liver, and breast cancer.

Do cytokines play a role in the transition from acute to chronic musculoskeletal pain?

Musculoskeletal pain has a high prevalence of transition to chronic pain and/or persistence as chronic pain for years or even a lifetime. Possible mechanisms for the development of such pain states are often reflected in inflammatory or neuropathic processes involving, among others, cytokines and other molecules. Since biologics such as blockers of TNF or IL-6 can attenuate inflammation and pain in a subset of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the question arises to what extent cytokines are involved in the generation of pain in human musculoskeletal diseases.

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF AEDES AEGYPTI IN TAIF AND JEDDAH GOVERNORATES, SAUDI ARABIA.

With their diverse species, mosquitoes are known to transmit the causal agents of diseases such as malaria, dengue, and yellow fever. Their high adaptability, attraction to humans, and variable adult behaviors make them a significant health concern. The focus on Aedes aegypti is significant for reducing vector-human contacts, monitoring insecticide resistance, and developing innovative vector management strategies.

Hospital Costs of Intracranial Haemorrhage in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Possible Implications for Emerging Therapies.

N/A.

[Anaesthesia Technical Assistants (ATA) in the Recovery Room].

For two years now, anaesthesia technical assistance has been a state-recognized profession in Germany and entitles graduates to work in all fields of anaesthesiology, with the exception of the intensive care unit. The job profile is comparable to the nurse anesthetist in Great Britain (Operation Department Practitioner) or in the Netherlands (Anesthesiemedewerker). In an initial empirical research project in 2023, the professional field was described and the question of whether graduates are adequately prepared for the fields of anaesthesiology was discussed with the focus particularly on the recovery room.

[Platelet Concentrates - Indication, Informed Consent, Transfusion and Adverse Events].

Transfusion of platelet concentrates (PC) can be a life-saving measure in case of severe thrombocytopenia or thrombocytopathy, particularly in bleeding patients. Although acaryote, platelets are involved in several important functions including immunomodulation, but their most important function is in primary and secondary haemostasis. In this German review, apheresis and whole blood derived PC are compared and indications as well as transfusion triggers and dosage of PC are discussed.

[Red Blood Cell Transfusion - Indications, Informed Consent and Associated Risks].

The aim of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is to prevent or treat anemic tissue hypoxia in acute or chronic anemia. In 2022, approximately 3.2 million red blood cell transfusions were conducted in Germany.

Homeopathic and conventional treatments for acute upper respiratory tract infections (aURTI): Real-World cohort study on recurrence and antibiotic prescriptions.

Introduction: The study evaluated the recurrence of acute upper respiratory tract infections (aURTI) and the number of antibiotic prescriptions within 12-month follow-up in patients prescribed with either homeopathic medicines or medicines from one of four conventional medication classes for aURTI therapy.

Methods: This explorative cohort study used real-world electronic healthcare data from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA). Included were patients of all ages from Germany with an index diagnosis of aURTI between 2010 and 2018, who had prescriptions for either homeopathic, conventional cough & cold, nasal, or throat medicines, or nonopioid analgesics on the day of diagnosis or within six days afterwards.

Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® ameliorates cognitive impairment and alleviates TNFα response in 5xFAD Alzheimer's disease model mice.

Background: Ginkgo biloba leaf extract EGb 761® has shown clinical efficacy in patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the pharmacological action of EGb 761® in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear and molecular mechanisms targeted in the brain are not completely understood.

Hypothesis/purpose: We aimed to investigate 1) the potential sex-dependent effects of oral administration of EGb 761® in 5xFAD mice, an AD mouse model, and 2) the underlying microglial subtype responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory effects in the brain.

Insulin amyloid morphology is encoded in H-bonds and electrostatics interactions ruling protein phase separation.

Ion-protein interactions regulate biological processes and are the basis of key strategies of modulating protein phase diagrams and stability in drug development. Here, we report the mechanisms by which H-bonds and electrostatic interactions in ion-protein systems determine phase separation and amyloid formation. Using microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, circular dichroism and atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we found that anions specifically interacting with insulin induced phase separation by neutralising the protein charge and forming H-bond bridges between insulin molecules.

Monitoring and modelling landscape structure, land use intensity and landscape change as drivers of water quality using remote sensing.

The interactions between landscape structure, land use intensity (LUI), climate change, and ecological processes significantly impact hydrological processes, affecting water quality. Monitoring these factors is crucial for understanding their influence on water quality. Remote sensing (RS) provides a continuous, standardized approach to capture landscape structures, LUI, and landscape changes over long-term time series.

Innovations in primary healthcare in Slovenia 2011-2020: Exploring the stepwise process behind effective implementation.

Countries worldwide seek to strengthen their primary healthcare systems often through introducing health promotion and disease prevention, multidisciplinary teams, group practices and community approaches to advance universal health coverage. These strategies are underpinned by scientific evidence and international standards. Slovenia's primary healthcare system reflects many of these features, with universally accessible, multidisciplinary, and integrated health services, emphasizing health promotion, disease prevention, and equity.

Early Removal of the Abdominal Patch is Superior to Late Removal in Children With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.

Introduction: Open repair of Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in neonates often involves reconstruction of the abdominal wall using a patch. Data on predictors for the need of a patch and associated postoperative risks, such as infection or patch detachment, are limited. Specifically, the question regarding the ideal timepoint of patch removal remains unanswered.

Attention modulates subjective time perception across eye movements.

Prior research has established that actions, such as eye movements, influence time perception. However, the relationship between pre-saccadic attention, which is often associated with eye movement, and subjective time perception is not explored. Our study examines the impact of pre-saccadic attention on the subjective experience of time during eye movements, particularly focusing on its influence on subjective time perception at the saccade target.

Outdoor exposure of a heavy metal doped concrete -Measuring and modelling of substance release.

Many construction products are in contact with, e.g., rain and seepage water during their service life.

Understanding the impacts of ecological compensation policy on rural livelihoods: Insights from forest communities of China.

Balancing the forest protection with local economic development is a pressing challenge and a key focus of current environmental policies. Ecological compensation programs (ECPs) are often employed in natural-resource dependent communities to address this dilemma. However, the impacts of ECP on local livelihoods remain controversial, and the mechanisms driving these outcomes are not fully understood.

The impacts of alien species on river bioassessment.

The extent of alien taxa impacts on river ecosystem health is unclear, but their frequency continues to rise. We investigated 1) the prevalence of including alien taxa in common bioindicators used in river bioassessment, 2) the effect of alien taxa on the richness and abundance of natives, and 3) whether including alien taxa in bioassessment tools increased their sensitivity to river degradation. In the 17 countries analyzed fish represented the greatest number of alien species (1726), followed by macrophytes (925), macroinvertebrates (556), and diatoms (7).

Training and validating a treatment recommender with partial verification evidence.

Background: Current clinical decision support systems (DSS) are trained and validated on observational data from the clinic in which the DSS is going to be applied. This is problematic for treatments that have already been validated in a randomized clinical trial (RCT), but have not yet been introduced in any clinic. In this work, we report on a method for training and validating the DSS core before introduction to a clinic, using the RCT data themselves.

Characterisation of the HollandPTC R&D proton beamline for physics and radiobiology studies.

HollandPTC is an independent outpatient center for proton therapy, scientific research, and education. Patients with different types of cancer are treated with Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT). Additionally, the HollandPTC R&D consortium conducts scientific research into the added value and improvements of proton therapy.

Photodegradation of steroid hormone micropollutants with palladium-porphyrin coated porous PTFE of varied morphological and optical properties.

In flow-through reactors, the photodegradation rate can be improved by enhancing contact and increasing the photocatalyst loading. Both can be attained with a higher surface-to-volume ratio. While previous studies focused on thin membranes (30 - 130 µm) with small pore sizes of 20 - 650 nm, this work employed poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) supports, of which pore sizes are in the order of 10 µm, while the porosities and thicknesses are variable (22.

Model of drop infiltration into a thin amphiphilic porous medium.

Hypothesis: Water drop infiltration into a thin amphiphilic porous medium is influenced by wettability. Due to the reorganization of amphiphilic matter in contact with water, polar interaction changes the wettability in the bulk porous medium and at the liquid/porous substrate interface. To model out of equilibrium water transfer, we propose a thermodynamics approach derived from Onsager's principle.

Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection in the Czech Republic.

Introduction: Lyme borreliosis (LB), an infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl), is the most common tick-borne disease in Europe. To further characterize the LB burden in the Czech Republic, we conducted a seroprevalence study and estimated the incidence of symptomatic Bbsl infections.

Methods: Anti-Bbsl IgM and IgG antibodies were detected in sera collected from the adult population in 2011 -2012 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblot tests at the National Reference Laboratory.

Multilabel segmentation and analysis of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in routine abdominal CT scans.

Purpose: This paper presents a deep learning-based multi-label segmentation network that extracts a total of three separate adipose tissues and five different muscle tissues in CT slices of the third lumbar vertebra and additionally improves the segmentation of the intermuscular fat.

Method: Based on a self-created data set of 130 patients, an extended Unet structure was trained and evaluated with the help of Dice score, IoU and Pixel Accuracy. In addition, the interobserver variability for the decision between ground truth and post-processed segmentation was calculated to illustrate the relevance in everyday clinical practice.

Characterizing the ideal patient for treatment with inotuzumab ozogamicin for relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic literature review.

Introduction: Inotuzumab ozogamicin(InO) is indicated for the treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory(R/R) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This systematic literature review (CRD42022330496) assessed outcomes bybaseline characteristics for patients with R/R ALL treated with InO to identifywhich patients may benefit most.

Methods: In adherencewith PRISMA guidelines, searches were run in Embase and MEDLINE.