Open-source Large Language Models can Generate Labels from Radiology Reports for Training Convolutional Neural Networks.

Rationale And Objectives: Training Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) requires large datasets with labeled data, which can be very labor-intensive to prepare. Radiology reports contain a lot of potentially useful information for such tasks. However, they are often unstructured and cannot be directly used for training.

Quantifying thenar muscle biomechanical properties: Sex-based variations and implications for grip strength.

Background: Quantifying the biomechanical properties of the thenar muscle can provide valuable insight into hand assessment methods.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the reliability of myotonometer measurements in determining the biomechanical properties (tone, stiffness and elasticity) of thenar muscles in healthy individuals and explore sex-based variations. Additionally, it assessed the relationship between pinch strength and these properties.

How To Write a Response to Reviewers.

Peer review and comments from reviewers are part of the submission process for scientific papers. We provide tips on how best to respond to reviewers, and point out the most common mistakes that authors make. The ultimate goal is to work with reviewers and editors to improve the quality of a paper so that it is accepted for publication.

Oncological resection and perioperative outcomes of robotic, laparoscopic and open pancreatoduodenectomy for ampullary adenocarcinoma: a propensity score matched international multicenter cohort study.

Background: Ampullary adenocarcinoma (AAC) typically presents at an early stage due to biliary obstruction and therefore might be specifically suitable for minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD). However, studies assessing MIPD specifically for AAC, including the robotic and laparoscopic approach, are limited. The aim of this study is to compare short- and long-term oncological resection and perioperative outcomes of robotic (RPD), laparoscopic (LPD) and open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) performed specifically for AAC.

Effect of uniaxial bending methods on the flexural strength and Weibull analysis of heat-polymerized, CAD/CAM milled, and 3D-printed denture base resins.

Objectives: To compare the flexural strength and modulus of denture base resins manufactured by conventional methods, 3-dimensional (3D) printing, and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) milling using 3-point bending (3PB) and 4-point bending (4PB) methods after simulated aging.

Methods: Ninety bars (64 ×10 ×3.3 mm) were prepared from heat-polymerized (Lucitone-199), CAD/CAM milled (G-CAM), and 3D-printed (Denturetec) denture base resins (n = 30 per material).

RosettaHDX: Predicting antibody-antigen interaction from hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry data.

High-throughput characterization of antibody-antigen complexes at the atomic level is critical for understanding antibody function enabling therapeutic development. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) enables rapid epitope mapping, but its data are too sparse for independent structure determination. In this study, we introduce RosettaHDX, a hybrid method that combines computational docking with differential HDX-MS data to enhance the accuracy of antibody-antigen complex models beyond what either method can achieve individually.

Comparative metabolomic study of twelve Acacia species by UHPLC-q-tof-ESI-MS coupled with chemometrics in correlation with antibacterial activity.

Genus Acacia comprises around 1500 species. They are widely used to treat inflammation as well as bacterial and fungal infections as they are enriched in phytochemicals, especially phenolics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of leaves' methanolic extracts of twelve Acacia species growing in Egypt against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogens, Klebsiella pnemoniae, Bacillus aquimaris, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli.

Matrix-mediated activation of murine fibroblast-like synoviocytes.

Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are key cells promoting cartilage damage and bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). They are activated to assume an invasive and migratory phenotype. While mechanisms of FLS activation are unknown, evidence suggests that pre-damaged extracellular matrix (ECM) of the cartilage can trigger FLS activation.

Optimisation of activated carbon from fruit stones and shells derived via molten salt activation for dye removal.

Recent advancements in activated carbon production involve molten salt activation using a eutectic mixture of ZnCl-NaCl-KCl. This study explores the production of activated carbon from fruit waste, specifically walnut shells, using a 60:20:20 mol % eutectic mixture. Optimal conditions were identified through response surface methodology, with 400 °C and a salt-to-biomass ratio of 10 g/g, yielding a surface area of 276 m/g.

Full-Endoscopic Resection of a Lumbar Intradural Tumor (Schwannoma): Video Case Report and Description of the Surgical Technique.

Endoscopic spinal surgery has gained increasing popularity over the past 10 years. Its muscle-preserving nature, reduction in postoperative pain, and lower complication rates have contributed to the growing number of surgeons adopting this technique year after year. This same progression has led to the application of the technique in oncological pathology, primarily for separation surgeries and biopsies of extradural lesions.

Dormancy: Metabolite pools prime the cyanobacterial dormancy-resuscitation switch.

Non-N-fixing cyanobacteria enter a state of dormancy when fixed nitrogen becomes limiting. Resuscitation from this state involves a complex program of events. A new study reveals how the dormancy-resuscitation switch is governed by metabolite-level control of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity.

A taxonomy of the factors contributing to the overtreatment of cancer patients at the end of life. What is the problem? Why does it happen? How can it be addressed?

Many patients with cancer approaching the end of life (EOL) continue to receive treatments that are unlikely to provide meaningful clinical benefit, potentially causing more harm than good. This is called overtreatment at the EOL. Overtreatment harms patients by causing side-effects, increasing health care costs, delaying important discussions about and preparation for EOL care, and occasionally accelerating death.

N-Acetyl-leucine in progressive CACNA1A ataxia: A case series.

Background: CACNA1A-related disorders are rare and progressive; to date, there is no approved treatment. Trials with N-acetyl-leucine (NAL) demonstrated efficacy in disorders featuring ataxia, cognitive impairment, and epilepsy. Accordingly, we hypothesized that NAL may be effective in CACNA1A-associated disorders.

Advanced micropollutant and phosphorus removal with superfine powdered activated carbon and pile cloth media filtration.

Organic micropollutants (OMP) are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems and have a proven negative impact on the environment and drinking water resources. To remove OMP from municipal wastewater, the use of superfine Powdered Activated Carbon (sPAC) (d = 1.0 µm) compared to Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) (d = 30.

Emergy-based valuation of glacier ecosystem services: A case from the Tibetan Plateau.

Glaciers provide multiple ecosystem services (ES) to human society. Due to the continued global warming, the valuation of glacier ES is of urgent importance because this knowledge can support the protection of glaciers. However, a systematic valuation of glacier ES is still lacking, particularly from the perspective of ES contributors.

Phylogenetic characterization of Bifidobacterium kimbladii sp. nov., a novel species from the honey stomach of the honeybee Apis mellifera.

Six novel Bifidobacterium strains H1HS16N, Bin2N, Hma3N, H6bp22N, H1HS10N, and H6bp9N, were isolated from the honey stomach of Apis mellifera. Cells are Gram-positive, non-motile, non-sporulating, facultatively anaerobic, and fructose 6-phosphate phosphoketolase-positive. Optimal growth conditions occur at 37 °C in anaerobiosis in MRS medium added with 2 % fructose and 0.

Tuning the mechanical properties of alginate dialdehyde-gelatin (ADA-GEL) bioinks for bioprinting approaches by varying the degree of oxidation.

Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting is one of the most promising and widely used technologies in bioprinting. However, the development of bioprintable, biocompatible bioinks with tailored mechanical and biological properties remains a major challenge in this field. Alginate dialdehyde-gelatin (ADA-GEL) hydrogels face these difficulties and enable to tune the mechanical properties depending on the degree of oxidation (% DO) of ADA.

The impact of white matter lesions and subclinical cerebral ischemia on postoperative cognitive training outcomes after heart valve surgery: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: White matter lesions and subclinical cerebral ischemia (SCI) are described as risk factors for postoperative cognitive decline (POCD) following cardiac surgery. This report aims to investigate the effect of brain lesions on postoperative cognitive training outcomes.

Methods: In a randomized, treatment-as-usual controlled trial, elderly patients scheduled for elective heart valve surgery participated.

Added prognostic value of sentinel lymph node mapping in endometrial cancer to molecular subgroups.

Objective: Treatment approaches for endometrial cancer became more personalized in the last decade, mainly due to two key advancements - sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping and molecular classification. However, their prognostic interaction remains relatively unexplored.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with endometrial cancer, who underwent surgical treatment including SLN mapping at the Bern University Hospital, Switzerland.

PathInHydro, a Set of Machine Learning Models to Identify Unbinding Pathways of Gas Molecules in [NiFe] Hydrogenases.

Machine learning (ML) is a powerful tool for the automated data analysis of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Recent studies showed that ML models can be used to identify protein-ligand unbinding pathways and understand the underlying mechanism. To expedite the examination of MD simulations, we constructed PathInHydro, a set of supervised ML models capable of automatically assigning unbinding pathways for the dissociation of gas molecules from [NiFe] hydrogenases, using the unbinding trajectories of CO and H from [NiFe] hydrogenase as a training set.