TARREAN: A Novel Transformer with a Gate Recurrent Unit for Stylized Music Generation.

Music generation by AI algorithms like Transformer is currently a research hotspot. Existing methods often suffer from issues related to coherence and high computational costs. To address these problems, we propose a novel Transformer-based model that incorporates a gate recurrent unit with root mean square norm restriction (TARREAN).

Graphene/TiO Heterostructure Integrated with a Micro-Lightplate for Low-Power NO Gas Detection.

Low-power gas sensors that can be used in IoT (Internet of Things) systems, consumer devices, and point-of-care devices will enable new applications in environmental monitoring and health protection. We fabricated a monolithic chemiresistive gas sensor by integrating a micro-lightplate with a 2D sensing material composed of single-layer graphene and monolayer-thick TiO. Applying ultraviolet (380 nm) light with quantum energy above the TiO bandgap effectively enhanced the sensor responses.

Clinical Whole-Body Gait Characterization Using a Single RGB-D Sensor.

Instrumented gait analysis is widely used in clinical settings for the early detection of neurological disorders, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating fall risk. However, the gold-standard marker-based 3D motion analysis is limited by high time and personnel demands. Advances in computer vision now enable markerless whole-body tracking with high accuracy.

Piezoresistive Cantilever Microprobe with Integrated Actuator for Contact Resonance Imaging.

A novel piezoresistive cantilever microprobe (PCM) with an integrated electrothermal or piezoelectric actuator has been designed to replace current commercial PCMs, which require external actuators to perform contact-resonance imaging (CRI) of workpieces and avoid unwanted "forest of peaks" observed at large travel speed in the millimeter-per-second range. Initially, a PCM with integrated resistors for electrothermal actuation (ETA) was designed, built, and tested. Here, the ETA can be performed with a piezoresistive Wheatstone bridge, which converts mechanical strain into electrical signals by boron diffusion in order to simplify the production process.

Spatial Characterization of Woody Species Diversity in Tropical Savannas Using GEDI and Optical Data.

Developing the capacity to monitor species diversity worldwide is of great importance in halting biodiversity loss. To this end, remote sensing plays a unique role. In this study, we evaluate the potential of Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) data, combined with conventional satellite optical imagery and climate reanalysis data, to predict in situ alpha diversity (Species richness, Simpson index, and Shannon index) among tree species.

Healthcare Professionals' Perspectives on Sepsis Care Pathways-Qualitative Pilot Expert Interviews.

: Despite recent decades' rapid advances in the management of patients with sepsis and septic shock, global sepsis mortality and post-acute sepsis morbidity rates remain high. Our aim was, therefore, to provide a first overview of sepsis care pathways as well as barriers and supportive conditions for optimal pre-clinical, clinical, and post-acute sepsis care in Germany. : Between May and September 2023, we conducted semi-structured, video-based, one-to-one pilot expert interviews with healthcare professionals representing pre-hospital, clinical, and post-acute care settings.

The Role of Impella in Cardiogenic Shock Complicated by an Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis.

Emerging evidence suggests the role of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices in the therapy of refractory cardiogenic shock (CS). However, largerandomized trials addressing the role of Impella in the therapy of infarct-associated CS are sparse. As such, evidence coming from comprehensive retrospective studies or meta-analyses is of major importance in order to clarify the role of the Impella device in this setting.

Prevalence of Osteochondral Lesions on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Following Simple Elbow Dislocations.

Literature regarding osteochondral lesions in patients following elbow dislocation is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine osteochondral lesions on MRI in patients following simple elbow dislocations and evaluate inter-rater reliability between radiologists and orthopedic surgeons at different levels of experience. In this retrospective, single-center study, 72 MRIs of patients following simple elbow dislocations were evaluated.

Emerging Healthcare Trends in Prosthetic Treatment of Hand Osteoarthritis.

: For many years, advancements in hand joint replacement (JR) were relatively minor compared to those for large joints. However, the caution previously exercised due to high complication rates is gradually being replaced by the expanding use of JR therapies for small joints in the hand. Despite this progress, there is a lack of comprehensive data on the outcomes of hand JR and on the optimal infrastructure required to meet the growing demand for these therapies.

Mid- to Long-Term Outcomes of Two-Stage Revision Arthroplasty for Periprosthetic Joint Infection of the Shoulder.

: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after shoulder arthroplasty is often treated with a two-stage approach, but the data on the mid- to long-term outcomes remain scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of two-stage revision arthroplasty for shoulder PJI with a minimum follow-up of five years. : This retrospective study identified 59 shoulders in 58 patients who underwent the first stage of a two-stage revision arthroplasty for shoulder PJI at our institution between 2007 and 2018.

Mid-Term Outcomes of a Rectangular Stem Design with Metadiaphyseal Fixation and a 135° Neck-Shaft Angle in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

: Classical reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) with a high neck-shaft angle (NSA) of 155° has shown satisfactory outcomes. However, newer RSA designs aim to improve results by modifying the stem design. This study evaluates the 5-year outcomes of a stem design featuring a rectangular metadiaphyseal fixation and a 135° NSA.

Genetic Risk Profiling Reveals Altered Glycosyltransferase Expression as a Predictor for Patient Outcome in Neuroblastoma.

: Neuroblastoma is a highly aggressive pediatric cancer that arises from immature nerve cells and exhibits a broad spectrum of clinical presentations. While low- and intermediate-risk neuroblastomas often have favorable outcomes, high-risk neuroblastomas are associated with poor prognosis and significant treatment challenges. The complex genetic networks driving these high-risk cases remain poorly understood.

Changes in the Microcirculation and Physiologic Perfusion Dynamics of Free DIEP Flaps in the First 72 h After Breast Reconstruction.

The autologous reconstruction of the female breast using a microsurgical DIEP flap is a reliable and safe method. To detect impairments early and preserve the microvascular flap through timely revision, a better understanding of physiologic perfusion dynamics is necessary. This exploratory study examines changes in microcirculation in free DIEP flaps within the first 72 h after vascular anastomosis using laser Doppler flowmetry and white-light spectrophotometry.

Hyperphosphorylated Tau and Cognition in Epilepsy.

In light of the growing interest in the bidirectional relationship between epilepsy and dementia, this review aims to provide an overview of the role of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) in cognition in human epilepsy. A literature search identified five relevant studies. All of them examined pTau burden in surgical biopsy specimens from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Short-Term Safety and Efficacy of PreserFlo™ Microshunt in Patients with Refractory Intraocular Pressure Elevation After Dexamethasone Implant Intravitreal Injection.

: The PreserFlo™ MicroShunt (PFMS) is a bleb-forming device considered to be less invasive than traditional glaucoma surgery such as trabeculectomy. This study evaluates the 1-year success rates as well as safety profile of PFMS in patients having high intraocular pressure (IOP) and/or glaucoma refractory to drop therapy with a history of prior intravitreal dexamethasone therapy. : A total of 16 eyes after PFMS implantation due to elevated IOP after intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEX-I) administration were included in this retrospective cohort study.

Post COVID-19 and Long COVID Symptoms in Otorhinolaryngology-A Narrative Review.

Post/Long COVID (syndrome) is defined as a condition with symptoms persisting for more than 12 weeks after the onset of SARS-CoV-2 infection that cannot be explained otherwise. The prevalence of self-reported otorhinolaryngological Post/Long COVID symptoms is high. The aim of this review was to analyze the current literature regarding the actual prevalence, knowledge of the etiopathology, and evidence-based treatment recommendations of otorhinolaryngology-related Post/Long COVID symptoms.

Analysis of Calcium Patterns in the Thoracic Aorta and Clinical Outcomes of TAVR Patients Presenting with Porcelain Aorta.

: In the presence of porcelain aorta (PA), transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become a class I therapeutic indication for the treatment of severe aortic valve stenosis. To date, few studies have analyzed the clinical outcomes of TAVR in PA patients. We aim to analyze the calcification patterns of the thoracic aorta in PA patients and to evaluate their clinical implications for TAVR procedures.

Real-World 12-Month Outcomes with Sirolimus-Coated Balloon Angioplasty for Complex Femoropopliteal Disease.

: Sirolimus-coated balloons (SCBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to paclitaxel-coated devices for the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions. However, real-world data on SCB performance in also complex peripheral arterial disease remains unknown. We sought to evaluate the safety and 12-month clinical outcomes of the Selution SLR™ balloon angioplasty in a challenging real-world patient cohort.

Preoperative Non-Invasive Mapping for Targeted Concomitant Surgical Ablation of Non-Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation (PreMap Study).

: The present study introduces our targeted approach for concomitant surgical ablation (CSA) using non-invasive phase mapping (NIPM) and describes its effectiveness regarding freedom from atrial fibrillation (AF). : This retrospective study included cardiac surgical patients undergoing preoperative NIPM for CSA guidance. The primary outcome was freedom from AF six months after surgery.

Preventive Effects of Botulinum Neurotoxin Long-Term Therapy: Comparison of the 'Experienced' Benefits and 'Suspected' Worsening Across Disease Entities.

Repetitive intramuscular injections of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) have become the treatment of choice for a variety of disease entities. But with the onset of BoNT therapy, the natural course of a disease is obscured. Nevertheless, the present study tries to analyze patients' "suspected" course of disease severity under the assumption that no BoNT therapy had been performed and compares that with the "experienced" improvement during BoNT treatment.

Classification of Histologically Proven Inflammation in Clinically Inactive Corneal Scars: Implications for Graft Outcomes After Penetrating Keratoplasty.

: Clinically inactive corneal scars have repeatedly been shown to exhibit histological inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the degree of histological inflammation in clinically inactive corneal scars of different origins and its correlation with graft rejection and failure following penetrating keratoplasty. : The study included 205 primary corneal explants with clinically inactive central scars resulting from herpes simplex virus keratitis (HSV, = 55), keratoconus ( = 39), mechanical trauma ( = 27), scrophulosa ( = 22) or other/unknown causes ( = 62).

Positive Intraoperative Bile Culture and Antibiotic Resistance Increase the Risk of Pancreatic Fistula in Patients After Pancreatoduodenectomy.

: A positive intraoperative bile culture (bacterobilia) is considered to be a risk factor for increased morbidity after pancreatoduodenectomy. The aim of our study was to describe the frequency of bacterobilia with a special emphasis on antibiotic resistance and to analyze the association of these findings with postoperative complications, in particular with postoperative pancreatic fistula. : From a prospective database, patients with available intraoperative bile cultures (n = 95) were selected and analyzed.

Repeatability of Pentacam HR in Keratoconus According to Two Different Scan Protocols: 25-3D Scan and 50-Cornea Fine.

This study aims to evaluate the repeatability of the Pentacam HR, comparing two different measurement modes (50-cornea fine and 25-3D scan) in patients affected by keratoconus. Multicenter retrospective study, conducted at Eye Clinic of the ASST-Spedali Civili-University of Brescia, Italy, and St. Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, United Kingdom.

Clinical Outcomes Following a Switch of Therapy to Faricimab in Patients Affected by Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

In this study, we evaluated clinical outcomes following a therapy switch to Faricimab, in a patient cohort affected by neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), having received prior intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy. A retrospective investigation, including 28 eyes of 23 patients, treated for nAMD at the University Medical Center Mainz, Germany was performed. A switch in therapy to Faricimab was conducted, due to an inadequate response to the previous anti-VEGF treatment.

Restoration of Genuine Sensation and Proprioception of Individual Fingers Following Transradial Amputation with Targeted Sensory Reinnervation as a Mechanoneural Interface.

: Tactile gnosis derives from the interplay between the hand's tactile input and the memory systems of the brain. It is the prerequisite for complex hand functions. Impaired sensation leads to profound disability.