1,540,273 results match your criteria: "Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital[Affiliation]"

4D structural biology-The 9 Murnau Conference on structural biology.

Structure

January 2025

Biochemistry Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address:

The data presented at the 9 International Murnau Conference on September 18-21, 2024, the largest recurring structural biology meeting in Central Europe, illustrated the thriving state of the structural biology community. This is largely attributed to the ground-breaking developments over the last decade, which were intensely discussed during the meeting.

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Evidence that altercentric biases in a continuous false belief task depend on highlighting the agent's belief.

Cognition

January 2025

Minerva Fast Track Group Milestones of Early Cognitive Development, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Saxony, Germany; Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Technology Nuremberg, Ulmenstraße 52i, 90443 Nuremberg, Germany. Electronic address:

As social beings, we excel at understanding what other people think or believe. We even seem to be influenced by the belief of others in situations where it is irrelevant to our current tasks. Such altercentric interference has been proposed to reflect implicit belief processing.

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Impact of reactive sclerosis on outcome of MR-HIFU for osteoid osteomas.

Eur J Radiol

December 2024

Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany.

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of clinical and procedural factors, particularly the thickness of reactive sclerosis, on clinical outcome of MR-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) for the treatment of symptomatic osteoid osteomas (OO) of the extremities.

Materials And Methods: 18 consecutive patients (median age 19.5y) with symptomatic OO of the extremities eligible for MR-HIFU were enrolled in this ongoing prospective study (German Clinical Trials Register; nr.

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Maternal capabilities to engage in sensitive caregiving are important for infant development and mother-infant-interaction, however, can be negatively affected by cortisol due to a stress response. Previous research suggested that cortisol possibly impairs cognitive functions important for caregiving behavior, which potentially leads to less maternal sensitivity. However, studies investigating the influence of cortisol using endocrine parameters on the mother-infant-interaction during the early postpartum are lacking.

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Taxonomic revision of the SK 15 mandible based on bone and tooth structural organization.

J Hum Evol

January 2025

Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044, China.

The hominin mandible SK 15 was discovered in April 1949 in Swartkrans Member 2, dated to ∼1.4 Ma. Albeit distorted on the right side, the left and right corpus of SK 15 are relatively low and thick, even compared to most Early to Middle Pleistocene Homo specimens.

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Agricultural management significantly affects insects, especially pollinators, which are crucial for crop pollination and biodiversity. In agricultural landscapes, various factors spanning different spatial scales are known to affect pollinator health, which, in turn, can influence pollination services. However, the importance of these factors in driving the health and performance of different pollinator groups remains unclear.

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Over the last 20 years, we have dramatically improved hydrometeorological data including isotopes, but are we making the most of this data? Stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in the water molecule (stable water isotopes - SWI) are well known tracers of the global hydrological cycle producing critical climate science. Despite this, stable water isotopes are not explicitly included in influential climate reports (e.g.

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Contrasting effects of arsenic on mycorrhizal-mediated silicon and phosphorus uptake by rice.

J Environ Manage

January 2025

Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

Silicon (Si) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) increase plant resistance to various environmental stresses, including heavy metal (and metalloid) toxicity. Although Si and AMF each independently enhance plant tolerance, the nature of their interactions and their combined impacts on nutrient uptake, especially in the context of toxic elements such as arsenic (As), remains to be elucidated. This study investigated AMF-mediated regulation of plant nutrient uptake under As stress using rice, a model Si-accumulating plant.

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PET has become an important clinical modality but is limited to imaging positron emitters. Recently, PET imaging withZr, which has a half-life of 3 days, has attracted much attention in immuno-PET to visualize immune cells and cancer cells by targeting specific antibodies on the cell surface. However,Zr emits a single gamma ray at 909 keV four times more frequently than positrons, causing image quality degradation in conventional PET.

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Orthotopic tumor models in pre-clinical translational research are becoming increasingly popular, raising the demands on accurate tumor localization prior to irradiation. This task remains challenging both in X-ray and proton computed tomography (xCT and pCT, respectively), due to the limited contrast of tumor tissue compared to the surrounding tissue. We investigate the feasibility of gadolinium oxide nanoparticles as multimodal contrast enhancement agent for both imaging modalities.

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An L-plug-and-play approach for MPI using a zero shot denoiser with evaluation on the 3D open MPI dataset.

Phys Med Biol

January 2025

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , Hochschule Darmstadt, Schöfferstr., 3, Darmstadt, Hessen, 64295, GERMANY.

Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is an emerging medical imaging modality which has gained increasing interest in recent years. Among the benefits of MPI are its high temporal resolution, and that the technique does not expose the specimen to any kind of ionizing radiation. It is based on the non-linear response of magnetic nanoparticles to an applied magnetic field.

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Immunoadsorption is equally effective as plasma exchange in paediatric neuroimmunological disorders - A retrospective multicentre study.

Eur J Paediatr Neurol

December 2024

Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Therapeutic apheresis (TA) are promising treatment option for neuroimmunological disorders. In paediatrics, the available data is limited, particularly for the use of IA. The aim of this study was to analyse the use of PE and IA in children and adolescents, with emphasis on outcome and neurological course after treatment as well as the safety of the two modalities.

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Laboratory-simulated marine heatwave enhances physiological damage to mussels exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticles by disrupting the gut-hepatopancreas axis.

J Hazard Mater

December 2024

International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China. Electronic address:

The aggregation state of nano-TiO in the environment is altered under marine heatwaves (MHWs), thus affecting its bioavailability and toxicity to the marine organisms. Here, we investigated the toxic mechanisms and effects of nano-TiO on gut-hepatopancreas axis health of Mytilus coruscus exposed to 25 and 250 μg/L of nano-TiO under laboratory-simulated MHW. Compared with the control conditions or post-MHW cooling phase, prolonged MHW exposure significantly inhibited digestive function, decreased immune-related enzymes activities, and caused neurotoxicity in the mussels.

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Side effects following administration of open-placebos: A randomized controlled trial.

J Psychosom Res

December 2024

Health Psychology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand. Electronic address:

Objective: To assess whether individuals reported more side effects and decreased mood after receiving an open-label placebo compared to a control group that received no treatment.

Methods: We randomized participants to receive an open placebo or no treatment. The primary outcome was reported side effects on the Side effect Attribution Scale (SEAS) at 15 min and at 24-h.

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Printed circuit boards represent an extraordinarily challenging fraction for the recycling of waste electric and electronic equipment. Due to the closely interlinked structure of the composing materials, the selective recycling of copper and closely associated precious metals from this composite material is compromised by losses during mechanical pre-processing. This problem could partially be overcome by a better understanding of the influence of particle size and shape on the recovery of finely comminuted and well-liberated metal particles during mechanical separation.

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Objective: The effectiveness and optimal stimulation site of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for central poststroke pain (CPSP) remain elusive. The objective of this retrospective international multicenter study was to assess clinical as well as neuroimaging-based predictors of long-term outcomes after DBS for CPSP.

Methods: The authors analyzed patient-based clinical and neuroimaging data of previously published and unpublished cohorts from 6 international DBS centers.

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Superdiffusion is surprisingly easily observed even in systems without the integrability underpinning this phenomenon. Indeed, the classical Heisenberg chain-one of the simplest many-body systems, and firmly believed to be nonintegrable-evinces a long-lived regime of anomalous, superdiffusive spin dynamics at finite temperature. Similarly, superdiffusion persists for long timescales, even at high temperature, for small perturbations around a related integrable model.

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We realize a Laughlin state of two rapidly rotating fermionic atoms in an optical tweezer. By utilizing a single atom and spin resolved imaging technique, we sample the Laughlin wave function thereby revealing its distinctive features, including a vortex distribution in the relative motion, correlations in the particles' relative angle, and suppression of the interparticle interactions. Our Letter lays the foundation for atom-by-atom assembly of fractional quantum Hall states in rotating atomic gases.

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Heterogeneity is ubiquitous in biological and synthetic active matter systems that are inherently out of equilibrium. Typically, such active mixtures involve not only conservative interactions between the constituents but also nonreciprocal couplings, whose full consequences for the collective behavior still remain elusive. Here, we study a minimal active nonreciprocal mixture with both symmetric isotropic and nonreciprocal polar interactions.

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The existence of light QCD axions, whose mass depends on an additional free parameter, can lead to a new ground state of matter, where the sourced axion field reduces the nucleon effective mass. The presence of the axion field has structural consequences, in particular, it results in a thinner (or even prevents its existence) heat-blanketing envelope, significantly altering the cooling patterns of neutron stars. We exploit the anomalous cooling behavior to constrain previously uncharted regions of the axion parameter space by comparing model predictions with existing data from isolated neutron stars.

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The role of self-intercalation in 2D van der Waals materials is key to the understanding of many of their properties. Here we show that the magnetic ordering temperature of thin films of the 2D ferromagnet Fe_{5}GeTe_{2} is substantially increased by self-intercalated Fe that resides in the van der Waals gaps. The epitaxial films were prepared by molecular beam epitaxy and their magnetic properties explored by element-specific x-ray magnetic circular dichroism that showed ferromagnetic ordering up to 375 K.

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High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

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Measurement of CP Violation Observables in D^{+}→K^{-}K^{+}π^{+} Decays.

Phys Rev Lett

December 2024

Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.

A search for violation of the charge-parity (CP) symmetry in the D^{+}→K^{-}K^{+}π^{+} decay is presented, with proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4  fb^{-1}, collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the LHCb detector. A novel model-independent technique is used to compare the D^{+} and D^{-} phase-space distributions, with instrumental asymmetries subtracted using the D_{s}^{+}→K^{-}K^{+}π^{+} decay as a control channel.

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We investigate the experimental control of pair tunneling in a double-well potential using Floquet engineering. We demonstrate a crossover from a regime with density-assisted tunneling to dominant pair tunneling by tuning the effective interactions. Furthermore, we show that the pair tunneling rate can be enhanced not only compared to the Floquet-reduced single-particle tunneling but even beyond the static superexchange rate, while keeping the effective interaction in a relevant range.

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Electric quadrupole traps are a leading technology for suspending charged objects ranging in size from single protons to atomic and molecular ions, and even to nano- and micron-sized bodies. If the levitated objects' charge distribution contains multipoles, the time-dependent trapping fields can significantly impact its rotational motion. Here, we experimentally observe the transition from librational motion to a regime where a microparticle rotates in sync with the trap drive.

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