Ethnic-Racial Socialization Through the Lens of German Young Adults of Turkish, Kurdish, East, and Southeast Asian Heritage.

The present study explored how racially marginalized German young adults narrate their ethnic-racial socialization (ERS) growing up in Germany. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 German young adults of Turkish, Kurdish, East and Southeast Asian heritage (aged 18-32 years, M = 26.7, SD = 3.

Achilles tenocytes from diabetic and non diabetic donors exposed to hyperglycemia respond differentially to inflammatory stimuli and stretch.

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) promotes Achilles tendon (AS) degeneration and exercise could modulate features of DMT2. Hence, this study investigated whether tenocytes of non DMT2 and DMT2 rats respond differently to normo- (NG) and hyperglycemic (HG) conditions in the presence of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α or cyclic stretch. AS tenocytes, isolated from DMT2 (fa/fa) or non DMT2 (lean, fa/+) adult Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats, were treated with 10 ng/mL TNFα either under NG or HG conditions (1 g/L vs.

Prediction of Olivine Composition Under Limited Calibration Inputs: Comparative Study of Mid-Infrared Reflection, Raman Scattering, and Laser-Induced Plasma Spectroscopies.

In situ optical analytical spectroscopies offer great geochemical insights due to their capability to resolve the chemical composition of regolith surfaces of rocky celestial bodies. The use of suitable calibration targets improves the precision of mineral determination, which is of critical importance for short-living, low-mobility landers, and enables, in special cases, determination of elemental composition. We investigate the capabilities of three space-relevant optical analytical techniques used for in situ mineralogical analysis, i.

Loneliness and social anxiety in the general population over time - results of a cross-lagged panel analysis.

Background: Loneliness has become a major public health issue of the recent decades due to its severe impact on health and mortality. Little is known about the relation between loneliness and social anxiety. This study aimed (1) to explore levels of loneliness and social anxiety in the general population, and (2) to assess whether and how loneliness affects symptoms of social anxiety and vice versa over a period of five years.

Precursor of H-Type II Histo-Blood Group Antigen and Subterminal Sialic Acids on Gangliosides Are Significantly Implicated in Cell Entry and Infection by a Porcine P[11] Rotavirus.

Rotaviruses, non-enveloped viruses with a double-stranded RNA genome, are the leading etiological pathogen of acute gastroenteritis in young children and animals. The P[11] genotype of rotaviruses exhibits a tropism for neonates. In the present study, a binding assay using synthetic oligosaccharides demonstrated that the VP8* protein of P[11] porcine rotavirus (PRV) strain 4555 binds to lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) with the sequence Galβ1,4-GlcNAcβ1,3-Galβ1,4-Glc, one of the core parts of histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) and milk glycans.

Proactive Management of Lactation in the Birth Hospital to Ensure Long-Term Milk Production and Sustainable Breastfeeding.

Individuals who are at risk of not achieving a full milk supply are often overlooked in scientific literature. There is available guidance to help establish an adequate milk supply for healthy individuals experiencing a physiologic labor and birth, and there are robust recommendations for the lactating parents of small, sick, and preterm newborns to ensure that these newborns can receive human milk. Missing from the literature are clinical practice guidelines that address the preexisting health, pregnancy, birth, or newborn-related risk factors for suboptimal lactation.

Inhibition of intracellular versus extracellular cathepsin D differentially alters the liver lipidome of mice with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) progressing to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), characterized by hepatic inflammation, has significantly increased in recent years due to unhealthy dietary practices and sedentary lifestyles. Cathepsin D (CTSD), a lysosomal protease involved in lipid homeostasis, is linked to abnormal lipid metabolism and inflammation in MASH. Although primarily intracellular, CTSD can be secreted extracellularly.

Combining the N Gas Flux Method and NO Isotopocule Data for the Determination of Soil Microbial NO Sources.

Rationale: The analysis of natural abundance isotopes in biogenic NO molecules provides valuable insights into the nature of their precursors and their role in biogeochemical cycles. However, current methodologies (for example, the isotopocule map approach) face limitations, as they only enable the estimation of combined contributions from multiple processes at once rather than discriminating individual sources. This study aimed to overcome this challenge by developing a novel methodology for the partitioning of NO sources in soil, combining natural abundance isotopes and the use of a N tracer (N Gas Flux method) in parallel incubations.

Comparing eDNA and Transect Methods for Aquatic Biodiversity Assessment in Lakes and Ponds.

Biodiversity monitoring increasingly relies on molecular methods such as eDNA metabarcoding. However, sound applications have so far been only established for a limited number of taxonomic groups. More information on the strengths and weaknesses of eDNA methods, especially for poorly covered groups, is essential for practical applications to achieve the highest possible reliability.

Tracing the Formation of Femtosecond Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS) by Implanted Markers.

The generation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) using femtosecond lasers facilitates the engineering of material surfaces with tailored functional properties. Numerous aspects of their complex formation process are still under debate, despite intensive theoretical and experimental research in recent decades. This particularly concerns the challenge of verifying approaches based on electromagnetic effects or hydrodynamic processes by experiment.

Green Cities, Healthier Children: The Effect of Expanding Urban Green Space on Body Weight for Primary School Starters.

The discussion on tackling childhood obesity is often centered around fostering physical activity. A potential relationship yet overlooked could run from providing the proper environment for healthy lifestyles to reduced weight problems. A unique quasi-experimental setting of transforming former airport grounds to a large urban green space allows me to apply a difference-in-differences approach within an intention-to-treat framework, comparing several weight outcomes of residential children to children living further away before and after park opening.

Blue Light-Induced, Dosed Protein Expression of Active BDNF in Human Cells Using the Optogenetic CRY2/CIB System.

The use of optogenetic tools offers an excellent method for spatially and temporally regulated gene and protein expression in cell therapeutic approaches. This could be useful as a concomitant therapeutic measure, especially in small body compartments such as the inner ear, for example, during cochlea implantation, to enhance neuronal cell survival and function. Here, we used the blue light activatable CRY2/CIB system to induce transcription of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in human cells.

A remote motion analysis of mass casualty incident simulations.

Background: Regular training for mass casualty incidents at physical simulation events is vital for emergency services. The preparation and execution of these simulations consume huge amounts of time, personnel, and money. It is therefore important to gather as much information as possible from each simulation while minimizing any influence on the participants, so as to keep the simulation as realistic as possible.

Comprehensive benchmarking of computational tools for predicting toxicokinetic and physicochemical properties of chemicals.

Ensuring the safety of chemicals for environmental and human health involves assessing physicochemical (PC) and toxicokinetic (TK) properties, which are crucial for absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET). Computational methods play a vital role in predicting these properties, given the current trends in reducing experimental approaches, especially those that involve animal experimentation. In the present manuscript, twelve software tools implementing Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models were selected for the prediction of 17 relevant PC and TK properties.

Tracking of serum lipids from prepuberty to young adulthood: results from the KiGGS cohort study.

Background: Universal lipid screening in childhood for early detection and treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia is under discussion, but will also detect children with multifactorial dyslipidemia. Results from population-based studies can support the design of public health strategies. As few previous studies considered pubertal changes in serum lipid levels, we examined tracking of serum lipids from prepuberty to young adulthood in a population-based cohort.

The association between different timeframes of air pollution exposure and COVID-19 incidence, morbidity and mortality in German counties in 2020.

Background: Ambient air pollution is a known risk factor for several chronic health conditions, including pulmonary dysfunction. In recent years, studies have shown a positive association between exposure to air pollutants and the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of a COVID-19 infection, however the time period for which air pollution exposure is most relevant for the COVID-19 outcome is still not defined. The aim of this study was to analyze the difference in association when varying the time period of air pollution exposure considered on COVID-19 infection within the same cohort during the first wave of the pandemic in 2020.

PSA testing in primary care: is it time to change our practice?

Background: Historical prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening studies reduced prostate cancer-related deaths but also led to overdiagnosis/overtreatment. Since then, opportunistic PSA testing has increased, and late-stage diagnoses and prostate-cancer related deaths are rising.

Objectives: To review current trends regarding PSA testing in primary care and propose a collaborative approach to improve early prostate cancer detection.

Psychotherapy with somatosensory stimulation as a complementary treatment for women with endometriosis-associated pain - a qualitative study.

Objective: This qualitative study aimed to explore patients' experiences with a novel treatment approach for endometriosis-associated pain, termed 'sinosomatics'. Specifically, it sought to understand women's experiences of the treatment and its components, the effects of the treatment on biological, psychological, and social levels, and how the women interpreted the changes they experienced.

Methods: We conducted ten semi-structured interviews with patients, who had undergone the complementary treatment for endometriosis-associated pain.

Association of maxillofacial injuries with traumatic brain injuries in paediatric patients: a case-control study.

Background: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are among the most challenging conditions to accurately diagnose in children, and many TBIs are underdiagnosed. Patients with maxillofacial injury may be at risk for TBI. The objective of this study was to analyse the association between maxillofacial injuries and TBI among paediatric patients.

Comparative genomics of Fervidobacterium: a new phylogenomic landscape of these wide-spread thermophilic anaerobes.

Background: Fervidobacterium is a genus of thermophilic anaerobic Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria belonging to the phylum Thermotogota. They can grow through fermentation on a wide range of sugars and protein-rich substrates. Some can also break down feather keratin, which has significant biotechnological potential.

Entropy of difference works similarly to permutation entropy for the assessment of anesthesia and sleep EEG despite the lower computational effort.

EEG monitoring during anesthesia or for diagnosing sleep disorders is a common standard. Different approaches for measuring the important information of this biosignal are used. The most often and efficient one for entropic parameters is permutation entropy as it can distinguish the vigilance states in the different settings.

Noninvasive estimation of PaCO from volumetric capnography in animals with injured lungs: an Artificial Intelligence approach.

To investigate the feasibility of non-invasively estimating the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO) using a computational Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model fed by noninvasive volumetric capnography (VCap) parameters. In 14 lung-lavaged pigs, we continuously measured PaCO with an optical intravascular catheter and VCap on a breath-by-breath basis. Animals were mechanically ventilated with fixed settings and subjected to 0 to 22 cmHO of positive end-expiratory pressure steps.