Management of Nausea and Vomiting in Palliative Care - Real Life Data From a Palliative Care Unit in Germany.

Background: Nausea and vomiting significantly impact the quality of life in palliative care. Due to various underlying causes, treatment approaches vary. However, scientific evidence on pharmacotherapeutic management is limited, complicating treatment decisions.

Instruments for Evaluating Undergraduate Medical Education in Complementary and Integrative Medicine: A Systematic Review.

The provision of courses in complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) varies widely between medical schools. To effectively improve CIM education, it is essential to use robust evaluation instruments that measure the impact of different educational interventions. This review aimed to identify and critically appraise qualitative and quantitative instruments used to evaluate CIM courses in undergraduate medical education.

Impaired Presynaptic Function Contributes Significantly to the Pathology of Glycine Receptor Autoantibodies.

Background And Objectives: Autoantibodies (aAbs) against glycine receptors (GlyRs) are mainly associated with the rare neurologic diseases stiff person syndrome (SPS) and progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM). GlyR aAbs are also found in other neurologic diseases such as epilepsy. The aAbs bind to different GlyR α-subunits and, more rarely, also to the GlyR β-subunit.

IRE1 is a Promising Therapeutic Target in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, characterized by an increasing incidence and unfavorable prognosis. Despite recent advances, surgical resection combined with chemotherapy remains the only potentially curative therapeutic option. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to identify novel therapeutic targets and develop effective treatment strategies.

Comparative Effects of Glenzocimab and Eptifibatide on Bleeding Severity in 2 Mouse Models of Intracranial Hemorrhage.

Background: Antiplatelet drugs represent potential candidates for protecting the penumbral microcirculation during cerebral ischemia and improving the benefits of arterial recanalization in ischemic stroke. Yet while the efficacy of such adjuvant strategies has been shown to be highly time dependent, antiplatelet therapy at the acute phase of ischemic stroke cannot be envisioned until the diagnosis of stroke and its ischemic nature have been confirmed because of the presumed risk of worsening bleeding in case of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Here, we investigated this risk for 2 antiplatelet drugs currently being tested in clinical trials for ischemic stroke, glenzocimab and eptifibatide, in 2 mouse models of ICH.

at Sterkfontein did not consume substantial mammalian meat.

Incorporation of animal-based foods into early hominin diets has been hypothesized to be a major catalyst of many important evolutionary events, including brain expansion. However, direct evidence of the onset and evolution of animal resource consumption in hominins remains elusive. The nitrogen-15 to nitrogen-14 ratio of collagen provides trophic information about individuals in modern and geologically recent ecosystems (<200,000 years ago), but diagenetic loss of this organic matter precludes studies of greater age.

Drought in a warmer, CO-rich climate restricts grassland water use and soil water mixing.

Soil water sustains terrestrial life, yet its fate is uncertain under a changing climate. We conducted a deuterium labeling experiment to determine whether elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO), warming, and drought impact soil water storage and transport in a temperate grassland. Elevated CO created a wetter rootzone compared with ambient conditions, whereas warming decreased soil moisture.

Muscle-derived myostatin is a major endocrine driver of follicle-stimulating hormone synthesis.

Myostatin is a paracrine myokine that regulates muscle mass in a variety of species, including humans. In this work, we report a functional role for myostatin as an endocrine hormone that directly promotes pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) synthesis and thereby ovarian function in mice. Previously, this FSH-stimulating role was attributed to other members of the transforming growth factor-β family, the activins.

The ancestral genome's tale University of Chicago Press, 2025. 160 pp.

Narratives that invoke ancient DNA must be crafted with care, argues an archaeologist.

[Nursing prioritization and rationing decisions in acute care hospitals during the Covid-19 pandemic: a qualitative study].

Nursing prioritization and rationing decisions in acute care hospitals during the Covid-19 pandemic: a qualitative study The Covid-19 pandemic has put decisions regarding prioritization and rationing of care resources on the health policy agenda. The effects on the allocation of nursing resources in clinical practice are unclear. In order to derive implications for future pandemic situations, we analyzed the extent to which decisions were made about the distribution of resources in acute inpatient care and how bottlenecks were dealt with.

Mechanism of Fe(II) Chemisorption on Hematite(001) Revealed by Reactive Neural Network Potential Molecular Dynamics.

Atomic-scale understanding of important geochemical processes including sorption, dissolution, nucleation, and crystal growth is difficult to obtain from experimental measurements alone and would benefit from strong continuous progress in molecular simulation. To this end, we present a reactive neural network potential-based molecular dynamics approach to simulate the interaction of aqueous ions on mineral surfaces in contact with liquid water, taking Fe(II) on hematite(001) as a model system. We show that a single neural network potential predicts rate constants for water exchange for aqueous Fe(II) and for the exergonic chemisorption of aqueous Fe(II) on hematite(001) in good agreement with experimental observations.

Improved Ammonia Synthesis and Energy Output from Zinc-Nitrate Batteries by Spin-State Regulation in Perovskite Oxides.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia (eNRA) is a promising route toward environmental sustainability and clean energy. However, its efficiency is often limited by the slow conversion of intermediates due to spin-forbidden processes. Here, we introduce a novel A-site high-entropy strategy to develop a new perovskite oxide (LaPrNdBaSr)CoO (LPNBSC) for eNRA.

Molecular Understanding of Activity Changes of Alcohol Dehydrogenase in Deep Eutectic Solvents.

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as promising solvents for biocatalysis. While their impact on enzyme solvation and stabilization has been studied for several enzyme classes, their role in substrate binding is yet to be investigated. Herein, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of horse-liver alcohol dehydrogenase (HLADH) are performed in choline chloride-ethylene glycol (ChCl-EG) and choline chloride-glycerol (ChCl-Gly) at varying water concentrations.

Fermi Level Equilibration and Charge Transfer at the Exsolved Metal-Oxide Interface.

Exsolution is a promising approach for fabricating oxide-supported metal nanocatalysts through redox-driven metal precipitation. A defining feature of exsolved nanocatalysts is their anchored metal-oxide interface, which exhibits exceptional structural stability in (electro)catalysis. However, the electronic interactions at this unique interface remain unclear, despite their known impact on catalytic performance.

An Integral-Direct GOSTSHYP Algorithm for the Computation of High Pressure Effects on Molecular and Electronic Structure.

To simulate the effects of high pressure on molecular and electronic structure, methods based on the polarizable continuum model have emerged as a serious contender to the conventionally employed periodic boundary conditions. In this work, we present a highly efficient integral-direct algorithm for the Gaussians On Surface Tesserae Simulate HYdrostatic Pressure (GOSTSHYP) method. We examine the efficiency of this implementation on large chains of α-d-glucose units.

FCIQMC-CASPT2 with Imaginary-Time-Averaged Wave Functions.

A new method to perform complete active space second-order perturbation theory on top of large active spaces optimized with full configuration quantum Monte Carlo is presented. Computing the three- and Fock-contracted four-particle density matrix from imaginary-time-averaged wave functions is found to resolve fermionic positivity violations and to ensure numerical stability. The protocol is applied to [NiFe]-hydrogenase, [CuO]-oxidase and Fe-porphyrin model systems up to 26 electrons in 27 orbitals and benchmarked against DMRG-CASPT2.

Inhibition of EphB4 Receptor Signaling by Ephrin-B2-Competitive and Non-Competitive DARPins Prevents Angiogenesis.

The receptor tyrosine kinase EphB4 is involved in tumor angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) binding to the EphB4 extracellular domain were identified from a combinatorial library using phage display. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) allowed us to distinguish between DARPins that either compete with the EphB4 ligand ephrin-B2 for binding to a common site or target a different epitope.

Tetra-Cationic Distibane Stabilized by Bis(α-iminopyridine) and Its Reactivity.

The work establishes the salt of a tetra-cationic distibane, [LSb][CFSO] = [][OTf] (CFSO = OTf), stabilized by a bis(α-iminopyridine) ligand , defying the Coulombic repulsion. The synthetic approach involved a dehydrocoupling reaction when a mixture of and Sb(OTf) in a 1:1 ratio was treated with EtSiH/LiBEtH as the hydride source. Compound [][OTf] was also achieved from [LSbCl][OTf] as a precursor and using EtSiH.

PEDOT/Polypyrrole Core-Sheath Fibers for Use as Conducting Polymer Artificial Muscles.

Electropolymerized polypyrrole (PPy) is considered as one of the promising polymers for use in ionic-electroactive or conducting polymer (CP) actuators. Its electromechanical properties surpass those of other prominent CPs such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT/PSS) or polyaniline. However, freestanding and linear contracting actuator fibers made solely of electropolymerized PPy are not available yet.

App-Based Coaching to Prevent Addictive Behaviors in Vocational School Students: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Purpose: This two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of an app-based addiction prevention program in German vocational school students.

Methods: Schools from 5 German federal states were recruited. No eligibility criteria for classes were applied; enrollment decisions were made by school heads or teachers.