Continuous Production of Bifunctional Platform Chemicals from Plant Oils in Water by Cyclodextrin-Mediated Hydroformylation.

Platform chemicals from renewable resources with broad applications are highly desirable, particularly for replacing fossil-based monomers. Bifunctional aliphatic ester-aldehydes, accessible via regioselective hydroformylation of unsaturated oleochemicals, can be converted into linear ω-amino/ω-hydroxy esters and dicarboxylic acids-key building blocks for biobased aliphatic polycondensates. However, their success hinges on efficient, economically viable production, with catalyst recycling being critical.

Coupling of single nanodiamonds hosting SiV color centers to plasmonic double bowtie microantennas.

Color centers are promising single-photon emitters owing to their operation at room temperature and high photostability. In particular, using nanodiamonds as a host material is of interest for sensing and metrology. Furthermore, being a solid-state system allows for incorporation to photonic systems to tune both the emission intensity and photoluminescence spectrum and therefore adapt the individual color center to desired properties.

The Landscape of Experimental Cardiac Arrest Research Models in Rats: A Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Most Cited Articles.

This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited articles on experimental cardiac arrest models in rats, identifying key contributors, publication trends, research themes, and collaboration networks. A comprehensive literature search was performed on the Web of Science (WoS) database on June 11, 2024, using keywords related to cardiac arrest and rat models. The top 100 most cited articles were analyzed using the Biblioshiny web application from the Bibliometrix R package (version 4.

Revisiting the classical target cell limited dynamical within-host HIV model - Basic mathematical properties and stability analysis.

In this article, we reconsider the classical target cell limited dynamical within-host HIV model, solely taking into account the interaction between $ {\rm{CD}}4^{+} $ T cells and virus particles. First, we summarize some analytical results regarding the corresponding dynamical system. For that purpose, we proved some analytical results regarding the system of differential equations as our first main contribution.

Intra-specific diversity and adaptation modify regime shifts dynamics under environmental change.

Environmental changes are a growing concern, as they exert pressures on ecosystems. In some cases, such changes lead to shifts in ecosystem structure. However, species can adapt to changes through evolution, and it is unclear how evolution interacts with regime shifts, which restricts ecosystem management strategies.

The PANDEM-2 Simulation Exercise: Training the Coordinated Response to a Large-Scale Pandemic in 2 European Public Health Emergency Operations Centers.

Objective: In the course of the EU funded Pandemic Preparedness and Response (PANDEM-2) project, a functional exercise (FX) was conducted to train the coordinated response to a large-scale pandemic event in Europe by using new IT solutions developed by the project. This report provides an overview of the steps involved in planning, conducting, and evaluating the FX.

Methods: The FX design was based on the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) simulation exercise cycle for public health settings and was carried out over 2 days in the German and Dutch national public health institutes (PHI), with support from other consortium PHIs.

Laser induced oxidation Raman spectroscopy as an analysis tool for iridium-based oxygen evolution catalysts.

The study of degradation behavior of electrocatalysts in an industrial context calls for rapid and efficient analysis methods. Optical methods like Raman spectroscopy fulfil these requirements and are thus predestined for this purpose. However, the iridium utilized in proton exchange membrane electrolysis (PEMEL) is Raman inactive in its metallic state.

Oxygen-dependent Photoluminescence and Electrical Conductance of Zinc Tin Oxide (ZTO): A Modified Stern-Volmer Description.

Zinc tin oxide (ZTO) is investigated as a photoluminescent sensor for oxygen (O2); chemisorbed oxygen quenches the luminescence intensity. At the same time, ZTO is also studied as a resistive sensor; being an n-type semiconductor, its electrical conductance decreases by adsorption of oxygen. Both phenomena can be exploited for quantitative O2 sensing.

Organic molecular design for high-power density sodium-ion batteries.

Organic materials, with abundant resources, low cost, high flexibility, tunable structures, lightweight nature, and wide operating temperature range, are regarded as promising candidates for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Unfortunately, their poor electronic and ionic conductivity remain significant challenges, hindering the achievement of high power density for sodium storage. Power density, a critical factor in battery performance evaluation, is essential for assessing fast charging capabilities.

In a Different Light: Irradiation-Induced Cuticular Wax Accumulation Fails to Reduce Cuticular Transpiration.

The cuticle, an extracellular hydrophobic layer impregnated with waxy lipids, serves as the primary interface between plant leaves and their environment and is thus subject to external cues. A previous study on poplar leaves revealed that environmental conditions outdoors promoted the deposition of about 10-fold more cuticular wax compared to the highly artificial climate of a growth chamber. Given that light was the most significant variable distinguishing the two locations, we hypothesized that the quantity of light might serve as a key driver of foliar wax accumulation.

Investigating Cell Wall Diffusion in Wood Modified with Phenol Urea Formaldehyde Resin in Different Length Scales.

Wood modification using low molecular weight thermosetting resins improves the biological durability and dimensional stability of wood while avoiding increasingly regulated biocides. During the modification process, resin monomers diffuse from the cell lumen to the cell wall, occupying micropore spaces before curing at 150 °C. This study investigated the mechanism of cell wall diffusion at multiple scales, comparing two test groups where diffusion was either facilitated or restricted.

Tumour plasticity and tumour microenvironment interactions as potential immunologic targets for pancreatic cancer treatment.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a malignant cancer with a high mortality and limited treatment options. Systemic chemotherapy remains the only approach for improving survival in patients with unresectable locally advanced and/or metastatic disease which comprises most patients. Targeted therapies have so far been disappointing with limited applicability and improvement in overall survival.

The Photoinduced Response of Antimony from Femtoseconds to Minutes.

As a phase change material (PCM), antimony exhibits a set of desirable properties that make it an interesting candidate for photonic memory applications. These include a large optical contrast between crystalline and amorphous solid states over a wide wavelength range. Switching between the states is possible on nanosecond timescales by applying short heating pulses.

Redox-Mediated Pyrene Electrolytes for Enhancing the Reversibility of Vertically Arranged Tin Electrodes in Seawater Batteries.

Seawater batteries (SWBs) have emerged as a next-generation battery technology that does not rely on lithium, a limited resource essential for lithium-ion batteries. Instead, SWBs utilize abundant sodium from seawater, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional battery technologies. Previous studies have demonstrated the feasibility of achieving high energy densities in SWB anodes using vertically aligned electrodes.

Protonation effects in protein-ligand complexes - a case study of endothiapepsin and pepstatin A with computational and experimental methods.

Protonation states serve as an essential molecular recognition motif for biological processes. Their correct consideration is key to successful drug design campaigns, since chemoinformatic tools usually deal with default protonation states of ligands and proteins and miss atypical protonation states. The protonation pattern for the Endothiapepsin/PepstatinA (EP/pepA) complex is investigated using different dry lab and wet lab techniques.

Decoding Dual-Functionality in N-doped Defective Carbon: Unveiling Active Sites for Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis.

Oxygen electrocatalysis plays a pivotal role in energy conversion and storage technologies. The precise identification of active sites for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for developing an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst. However, this remains a challenging endeavor.

Identifying genetic differences between bipolar disorder and major depression through multiple genome-wide association analyses.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of bipolar disorder (BPD) is difficult in clinical practice, with an average delay between symptom onset and diagnosis of about 7 years. A depressive episode often precedes the first manic episode, making it difficult to distinguish BPD from unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD).

Aims: We use genome-wide association analyses (GWAS) to identify differential genetic factors and to develop predictors based on polygenic risk scores (PRS) that may aid early differential diagnosis.

Minimally invasive versus open surgery for nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PNETs) have been diagnosed increasingly often but still represent rare pancreatic neoplasms. Surgery is a potentially curative approach for patients with NF-PNETs. In recent years, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has been applied more frequently for surgical resection of NF-PNETs.

Wilson disease in the USA: epidemiology and real-world patient characteristics based on a retrospective observational health claims study.

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology, patient characteristics and comorbidities in patients with Wilson disease (WD) in the USA.

Design: Retrospective, population-based study.

Setting: The study used the US Komodo claims database containing records regarding medical claims for over 120 million individuals.

Multicentre study conducted across centres in the USA, Europe and Australia to assess the safety and effectiveness of a bilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation system for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea in adults: a protocol for a pivotal, multicentre, open-label, single-arm study.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterised by blood oxygen desaturations and sleep disruptions manifesting undesirable consequences. Existing treatments including oral appliances, positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy and surgically altering the anatomy of the pharynx have drawbacks including poor long-term adherence or often involving irreversible, invasive procedures. Bilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) is a new treatment for managing OSA, and this study is intended to determine whether an HNS system is a safe and effective treatment option for adults with OSA.

Prognostic signature of multimorbidity, geriatric syndromes and resources cluster in older in- and outpatients: a pooled secondary analysis with a 6-month follow-up.

Objective: The prognosis of older adults is strongly influenced by the relation of multifactorial geriatric syndromes (GS) and their health-maintaining counterparts, geriatric resources (GR). The present analysis aimed to identify clusters of comorbidities, GS and GR, and to measure their multidimensional prognostic signature in older patients admitted to different healthcare settings.

Design: Pooled secondary analysis of three longitudinal interventional studies with the 3- and 6-month follow-up data collection on mortality and rehospitalisation.

Frequency, demographics, diagnoses and consultation patterns associated with low-acuity attendances in German emergency departments: a retrospective routine healthcare data analysis from the INDEED project.

Objective: Evidence suggests interventions targeting low-acuity attendances have been hampered by insufficient characterisation of potential target groups. This study aimed to estimate the frequency of low-acuity emergency department (ED) attendances and to provide an overview of their demographic, diagnosis and consultation patterns.

Design: Observational analyses of routine healthcare data.

Determining the feasibility of linked claims and vaccination data for a COVID-19 vaccine pharmacoepidemiological study in Germany-RiCO feasibility study protocol.

Introduction: In Germany, there has been no population-level pharmacoepidemiological study on the safety of the COVID-19 vaccines. One factor preventing such a study so far relates to challenges combining the different relevant data bodies on vaccination with suitable outcome data, specifically statutory health insurance claims data. Individual identifiers used across these data bodies are of unknown quality and reliability for data linkage.