Learning Fermionic Correlations by Evolving with Random Translationally Invariant Hamiltonians.

Schemes of classical shadows have been developed to facilitate the readout of digital quantum devices, but similar tools for analog quantum simulators are scarce and experimentally impractical. In this Letter, we provide a measurement scheme for fermionic quantum devices that estimates second and fourth order correlation functions by means of free fermionic, translationally invariant evolutions-or quenches-and measurements in the mode occupation number basis. We precisely characterize what correlation functions can be recovered and equip the estimates with rigorous bounds on sample complexities, a particularly important feature in light of the difficulty of getting good statistics in reasonable experimental platforms, with measurements being slow.

Identification of the G(3900) Structure as the P-Wave DD[over ¯]^{*}/D[over ¯]D^{*} Resonance.

The BESIII Collaboration recently performed a precise measurement of the e^{+}e^{-}→DD[over ¯] Born cross sections, and confirmed the G(3900) structure reported by BABAR and Belle with high significance. We identify the G(3900) as the first P-wave DD[over ¯]^{*}/D[over ¯]D^{*} molecular resonance. The experimental and theoretical identification of the P-wave dimeson state holds paramount importance in enhancing our comprehension of the nonperturbative QCD and few-body physics.

R(3780) Resonance Interpreted as the 1^{3}D_{1}-Wave Dominant State of Charmonium from Precise Measurements of the Cross Section of e^{+}e^{-}→Hadrons.

We report the precise measurements of the cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV.

Superdiffusive Thermal Transport in Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticle Melts.

In contrast to normal diffusion processes, thermal conduction in one-dimensional systems is anomalous. The thermal conductivity is found to vary with the length as κ∼L^{α}(α>0), but there is a long-standing debate on the value α. Here, we present a canonical example of this behavior in polymer-grafted spherical nanoparticle (GNP) melts at fixed grafting density and nanoparticle radius.

Wetting Phenomena: Line Tension and Gravitational Effect.

An apparent contact angle is formed when a droplet is deposited on a solid substrate. Young's law has been employed to describe the equilibrium contact angle. Often in experiments, the equilibrium contact angle deviates from Young's law and depends on the volume of the droplet, known as the line tension effect.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Timely diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial for early interventions, but its implementation is often challenging due to the complexity and time burden of required cognitive assessments. Remote unsupervised self-testing of cognition can potentially addres this health care challenge. We conducted the to date largest evaluation of feasibility and experienced added value of unsupervised digital remote assessment in primary and specialized health care in Germany.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Sporadic bvFTD is often misdiagnosed as a primary psychiatric disorder (PPD) due to overlapping clinical features and lack of reliable biomarkers. The multi-centre study DIPPA-FTD aims to develop diagnostic- and prognostic-algorithms that can distinguish sporadic bvFTD from late-onset PPD. The aim of the retrospective DIPPA-FTD study was to identify the strongest clinical discriminators.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Frequent and remote cognitive assessment may improve sensitivity to subtle cognitive decline associated with preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, repeated testing can result in unintended inflation of scores, due to practice effects. The objective of this study is to evaluate the extent of sessions with non-identical stimuli on performance and determine if study design or amyloid PET status moderates the impact of practice.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Mental disorders have been linked to an increased risk of developing dementia including Alzheimer's disease. However, previous studies have typically focused on individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for a given psychiatric disorder. The goal of our study was to examine whether diverse neuropsychiatric symptoms are related to early markers of neurodegeneration in the general population.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) is the onset of sustained neuropsychiatric symptoms that are considered as a possible precursor to neurodegenerative conditions, especially dementia. The concept of MBI recognizes that behavioral changes may be an early sign of brain changes due to neurodegeneration. Very recent research has shown behavioral changes in MBI might be linked to changes in brain structure, including cortical thickness.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The identification of cognitively unimpaired individuals at risk of short-term cognitive decline is a critical task for Alzheimer´s disease (AD) research. Cognitively normal individuals with amyloid and/or tau pathology have a high risk for short-term cognitive decline. However, not all of these individuals show clinical progression.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Anti-amyloid beta (Aβ) immunotherapies have recently evolved as promising treatment options in patients with early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Meanwhile, accurate patient selection for these treatments might be challenging mirrored by strict selection criteria of the hitherto published clinical trials. Based on a real-world tertiary care sample of post-mortem validated cases, we aimed to identify the patients matching these selection criteria and their proportion showing post-mortem AD pathology.

Patterns of Addiction in Chronic Skin Diseases: A Comparative Analysis of Addictions and Influencing Factors in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis.

Addictions seem to be more frequent in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis patients than in the general population. This cross-sectional observational study comparatively evaluated substance-related and behavioural addictions in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis patients and analysed possible addiction patterns. From October 2023 to April 2024, 100 atopic dermatitis and 104 psoriasis patients at a German university hospital completed an anonymous questionnaire, including sociodemographic and health-related parameters, along with validated assessment tools for common addictions (smoking, gambling, alcohol, drugs, food, and internet).

Swarming bacteria exhibit developmental phase transitions to establish scattered colonies in new regions.

The collective surface motility and swarming behavior of microbes play a crucial role in the formation of polymicrobial communities, shaping ecosystems as diverse as animal and human microbiota, plant rhizospheres, and various aquatic environments. In the human oral microbiota, T9SS-driven gliding bacteria transport non-motile microbes and bacteriophages as cargo, thereby influencing the spatial organization and structural complexity of these polymicrobial communities. However, the physical rules governing the dispersal of T9SS-driven bacterial swarms are barely understood.

Effects of Sympathetic Denervation in Metabolism Regulation: A Novel Approach for the Treatment of MASLD?

Although metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously termed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, has become the most common chronic liver disorder, its complex pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated up to date. A correlation between elevated sympathetic activation and MASLD has been highlighted in recent preclinical and clinical studies. Furthermore, increased sympathetic activity has been associated with the main mechanisms involved in MASLD, such as lipid accumulation in the liver, insulin resistance, and metabolic dysregulation, while it has been also correlated with the progression of MASLD, leading to liver fibrosis.

Risk scoring systems for early prediction of short-term mortality in resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients.

Introduction: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a critical condition associated with high mortality rates and neurological impairment among survivors. In comatose OHCA patients who achieve return of spontaneous circulation, early risk stratification is important to inform treatment pathways and potentially improve outcomes. A range of prognostic tools have been developed to predict survival and neurological recovery.

Why the brown ghost chirps at night.

Since the pioneering work by Moeller, Szabo, and Bullock, weakly electric fish have served as a valuable model for investigating spatial and social cognitive abilities in a vertebrate taxon usually less accessible than mammals or other terrestrial vertebrates. These fish, through their electric organ, generate low-intensity electric fields to navigate and interact with conspecifics, even in complete darkness. The brown ghost knifefish is appealing as a study subject due to a rich electric 'vocabulary', made by individually variable and sex-specific electric signals.

Atrial fibrillation ablation timing: where is the sweet spot?

Convincing evidence for the efficacy of ablation as first-line therapy in paroxysmal AF (PAF) and its clear superiority to medical therapy for rhythm control in both PAF and persistent AF (PsAF) has generated considerable interest in the optimal timing of ablation. Based on this data, there is a widespread view that the principle of 'the earlier the better' should be generally applied. However, the natural history of AF is highly variable and non-linear, and for this reason, it is difficult to be emphatic that all patients are best served by ablation early after their initial AF episodes.

Resurrection of a diatom after 7000 years from anoxic Baltic Sea sediment.

Dormancy is a wide-spread key life history trait observed across the tree of life. Many plankton species form dormant cells stages that accumulate in aquatic sediments and under anoxic conditions, form chronological records of past species and population dynamics under changing environmental conditions. Here we report on the germination of a microscopic alga, the abundant marine diatom Skeletonema marinoi that had remained dormant for up to 6871 ± 140 years in anoxic sediments of the Baltic Sea and resumed growth when exposed to oxygen and light.

Combined Effects of Oxandrolone and Exercise on Muscle Recovery in Rats with Severe Burn and Hindlimb Unloading.

Background: Loss of muscle mass and strength in patients who have experienced severe burns is dramatic and associated with subsequent functional impairment. Past work has shown that exercise and oxandrolone, an anabolic steroid, individually improve muscle function and muscle mass in severely burned patients. This study aims to evaluate the effect of oxandrolone treatment combined with resistance exercise on muscle atrophy and investigate the protein synthesis and mitochondrial biogenesis pathways in a hindlimb suspension model.

Impact of Synchronized Radiofrequency and High-Intensity Facial Electrical Stimulation on Facial Muscles and the Superficial Fascial System in the Midface.

Background: Midfacial aging involves skeletal changes, muscle weakening, and fat redistribution, resulting in volume loss, skin sagging, and deepened nasolabial folds. High-Intensity Facial Electrical Stimulation (HIFES) combined with Radiofrequency (RF) is a novel non-invasive method to address these changes by enhancing muscle mass and remodeling subcutaneous tissue.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of HIFES and Synchronized RF in improving midfacial aesthetics, specifically muscle thickness, skin displacement, and facial volume.

Social Media Recruitment as a Potential Trigger for Vulnerability: Multistakeholder Interview Study.

Background: More clinical studies use social media to increase recruitment accrual. However, empirical analyses focusing on the ethical aspects pertinent when targeting patients with vulnerable characteristics are lacking.

Objective: This study aims to explore expert and patient perspectives on vulnerability in the context of social media recruitment and seeks to explore how social media can reduce or amplify vulnerabilities.

Global, regional, and national burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risks: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Background: The global burden of metabolic diseases is increasing, but estimates of their impact on primary liver cancer are uncertain. We aimed to assess the global burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risk factors, including high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: The total number and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from primary liver cancer attributable to each metabolic risk factor were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

The alchemical integral transform revisited.

We recently introduced the Alchemical Integral Transform (AIT), enabling the prediction of energy differences, and guessed an ansatz to parameterize space r in some alchemical change λ. Here, we present a rigorous derivation of AIT's kernel K and discuss the parameterization r(λ) in n dimensions, i.e.

Targeting IspD for Anti-infective and Herbicide Development: Exploring Its Role, Mechanism, and Structural Insights.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and herbicide resistance pose threats to society, necessitating novel anti-infectives and herbicides exploiting untapped modes of action like inhibition of IspD, the third enzyme in the MEP pathway. The MEP pathway is essential for a wide variety of human pathogens, including , , and as well as plants. Within the current perspective, we focused our attention on the third enzyme in this pathway, IspD, offering a comprehensive summary of the reported modes of inhibition and common trends, with the goal to inspire future research dedicated to this underexplored target.