Association between neutrophil-to-eosinophil ratio and efficacy outcomes with avelumab plus axitinib or sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: post hoc analyses from the JAVELIN Renal 101 trial.

Objective: We report post hoc analyses of efficacy with first-line avelumab plus axitinib or sunitinib according to baseline neutrophil-to-eosinophil ratio (NER) in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) from the JAVELIN Renal 101 phase 3 trial.

Methods And Analysis: Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and objective response per baseline NER were analysed in the overall population and in patients with programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1+) tumours. Multivariable Cox regression analyses to assess the effect of NER after adjustment for other baseline variables were conducted.

Machine learning based on blood test biomarkers predicts fast progression in advanced NSCLC patients treated with immunotherapy.

Objective: Fast progression (FP) represents a desperate situation for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. We aimed to develop a predictive framework based on machine learning (ML) methods to identify FP in advanced NSCLC patients using blood test biomarkers.

Methods And Analysis: We extracted data of 1546 atezolizumab-treated patients from four multicentre clinical trials.

Performance and validation of a digital memory test across the Alzheimer's disease continuum.

Digital cognitive testing using online platforms has emerged as a potentially transformative tool in clinical neuroscience. In theory, it could provide a powerful means of screening for and tracking cognitive performance in people at risk of developing conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. Here we investigate whether digital metrics derived from an in-person administered, tablet-based short-term memory task-the 'What was where?' Oxford Memory Task-were able to clinically stratify patients at different points within the Alzheimer's disease continuum and to track disease progression over time.

Revolutionizing medical education: Surgery takes the lead in virtual reality research.

Objectives: Advancements in technology have spurred a transformative shift in medical education, with virtual reality (VR) emerging as a powerful tool for enhancing the learning experience. This study analyses the publications of VR in medical education, focusing on differences within different medical specialties.

Design: Using specific search terms, all studies published on VR in medical education listed in the Web of Science databases were included.

The technology acceptance model and adopter type analysis in the context of artificial intelligence.

Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a transformative technology impacting various sectors of society and the economy. Understanding the factors influencing AI adoption is critical for both research and practice. This study focuses on two key objectives: (1) validating an extended version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in the context of AI by integrating the Big Five personality traits and AI mindset, and (2) conducting an exploratory k-prototype analysis to classify AI adopters based on demographics, AI-related attitudes, and usage patterns.

Pi-seq-A customizable multichannel syringe pump for microfluidics.

The advent of single cell technologies resulted in growing demand for microfluidics in the biological sciences. Commercial platforms have remained expensive, inflexible, and non-customizable black boxes. We developed an open source, multichannel, zero-backflow microfluidics device based on syringe pumps controlled by a Raspberry Pi computer.

Detection of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery in Childhood Prior to 1992: A Danish Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aim: Pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery prior to 1992 in Denmark were at risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection through donor blood used in extracorporeal circulation. HCV screening became possible in donors in 1991, eliminating the risk of iatrogenic infections. No formalized screening has been conducted for patients receiving non-screened blood, potentially leaving some with undetected HCV infection.

Developing human upper, lower, and deep lung airway models: Combining different scaffolds and developing complex co-cultures.

Advanced in vitro models are crucial for studying human airway biology. Our objective was the development and optimization of 3D in vitro models representing diverse airway regions, including deep lung alveolar region. This initiative was aimed at assessing the influence of selective scaffold materials on distinct airway co-culture models.

The impact of interfacial quality and nanoscale performance disorder on the stability of alloyed perovskite solar cells.

Microscopy provides a proxy for assessing the operation of perovskite solar cells, yet most works in the literature have focused on bare perovskite thin films, missing charge transport and recombination losses present in full devices. Here we demonstrate a multimodal operando microscopy toolkit to measure and spatially correlate nanoscale charge transport losses, recombination losses and chemical composition. By applying this toolkit to the same scan areas of state-of-the-art, alloyed perovskite cells before and after extended operation, we show that devices with the highest macroscopic performance have the lowest initial performance spatial heterogeneity-a crucial link that is missed in conventional microscopy.

In perennial allergic rhinitis, RQLQ is improved similarly by Azelastine 0.15 and mometasone furoate.

Unlabelled: Some double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have shown that Azelastine (Aze) high dose (0.15%) was effective in seasonal (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). However, there was no long-term comparison between Aze 0.

Long non‑coding RNA signatures in breast cancer: Properties as biomarkers?

Breast cancer represents the most common type of cancer in females worldwide. The survival rates for breast cancer patients have been increasing since 1990. However, in 2023 breast cancer is still the second most common cause of malignancy-associated death in women.

Fasting for male fertility-a mixed methods study.

Purpose: Approximately 10-20% of couples in Germany are unable to conceive. About 50% of this subfertility can be attributed to the male partner. Preclinical studies suggest that fasting could potentially influence central mechanisms of spermatogenesis.

Construction of a hydrazine electrochemical sensor using Ag@ZIF as the electrode material.

In recent years, the fabrication of hydrazine sensors has received extensive attention because of the toxicity of hydrazine to the environment and human beings. It is thus important to design and develop efficient electrode modifiers for the construction of hydrazine electrochemical sensors. Herein, we reported the benign synthesis of a silver (Ag)-doped zinc-based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8).

Advancing band structure simulations of complex systems of C, Si and SiC: a machine learning driven density functional tight-binding approach.

We present a machine learning (ML) workflow for optimizing electronic band structures using density functional tight binding (DFTB) to replicate the results of costly hybrid functional calculations. The workflow is trained on carbon, silicon, and silicon carbide systems, encompassing bulk, slab, and defect geometries. Our method accurately reproduces hybrid functional results by applying a DFTB-ML scheme to train and predict the scaling parameters of two-center integrals and on-site energies, which is particularly accurate for electronic band structures near the Fermi energy.

Importance of Ion Size on the Dominance of Water-Ion Versus Water-Water Interactions in Au-Supported Solvatomers.

The solvation of ions at interfaces is important to areas as diverse as atmospheric sciences, energy materials, and biology. Despite the significance, fundamental understanding, particularly at the molecular level, remains incomplete. Here, we probe the initial solvation of two singly charged but differently sized ions (Li and Cs) on a Au(111) by combining low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy with density functional theory.

Multiple variants of tick-borne encephalitis virus in voles, mice and ticks, the Netherlands, 2021 to 2023.

BackgroundTick-borne encephalitis (TBE) can be a severe neurological disease. Identifying ecological factors that may facilitate tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) circulation in the Netherlands could improve awareness and detection.AimWe aimed to identify ecological factors affecting TBEV circulation in the Netherlands and to determine if there is sustained circulation and spread of the virus.

Global infectious disease surveillance: bridge a 30-metre gap between the International Civil Aviation Organization and the World Anti-Doping Agency.

The global aviation industry faced unprecedented challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, the international civil aviation industry now has strong incentives to prevent and control future pandemics. It is almost unbelievable that the headquarters of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is located right next to the headquarters of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).

Ionic Remote α-C-H Allenylation of Silyl Ethers Involving a [1,5]-Hydride Shift Promoted by Silylium-Ion Regeneration.

A silylium-ion-promoted α-C-H allenylation of silyl ethers tethered to an internal alkyne is described. The actual intermolecular allenylation event occurs after the -selective hydrosilylation of the alkyne, where an in situ-generated β-silicon-stabilized vinyl cation engages in an intramolecular [1,5]-hydride shift. This process transforms the silyl ether into a silylcarboxonium ion, which reacts with propargylsilanes as nucleophiles, formed by the rapid silylium-ion-catalyzed isomerization of allenylsilanes.

Paper and Pencil Design of Color-Pure Organic Emitters: The Curious Case of Xanthene Dyes.

The quest for color-pure emitters for multicolor bioimaging as well as for ultrahigh definition organic light-emitting diodes demands facile design concepts to avoid tedious synthetic or computational trial-and-error procedures. We have recently presented a simple recipe to construct color-pure blue emitters, which combines basic resonance structure and frontier molecular orbital treatments; this recipe applies to multiresonant type emitters and allows to enlarge the chemical space toward novel structural motifs. In the current work, we show that such fundamental considerations further apply to the structurally entirely different family of xanthene dyes.

High-dimensional, outcome-dependent missing data problems: Models for the human loci.

Missing data problems are common in biological, high-dimensional data, where data can be partially or completely missing. Algorithms have been developed to reconstruct the missing values by means of imputation or expectation-maximization algorithms. For missing data problems, it has been suggested that the regression model of interest should be incorporated into the imputation procedure to reduce bias of the regression coefficients.

Lignin and Peptide Promote the Abundance and Activity of Arsenic Methylation Microbes in Paddy Soils.

Rice physiological straighthead disease is induced by microbially mediated arsenic methylation and usually regionally distributed in paddy soils. However, the biogeochemical mechanism underlying the geographic distribution of microbial communities harboring methylating genes () remains unclear. Herein, we revealed significant ( = 0.

Photolytic and Thermal Reactions of [CH(PPh)(μ-N)] and Its Lewis Acid Adducts: N-N Bond Cleavage and Liberation of N.

The known species (PhP)N was previously described as two phosphine donors associated with a doubly Lewis acidic N-unit based on its thermal liberation of N. Herein, we prepare the related species [CH(PPh)(μ-N)] , where the chelation of the N fragment facilitates both N liberation and N-N bond cleavage reactions. In addition, these reactions can be achieved selectively via thermolysis of a Lewis acid adduct of or by direct photolysis, respectively.

Changes in Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Among COVID-19-Convalescent Patients During Hospitalization at a Tertiary Care Center.

Objective: The investigators compared neuropsychiatric symptoms among COVID-19 patients at hospital admission and at discharge.

Methods: Clinical data on neuropsychiatric syndromes were prospectively collected from 103 COVID-19 patients at admission and immediately before discharge. Clinical evaluations and serum biomarkers were analyzed to assess their relationship with neuropsychiatric symptoms and patient survival.

Cysteine-Directed Isobaric Labeling Combined with GeLC-FAIMS-MS for Quantitative Top-Down Proteomics.

The quantification of proteoforms, i.e., all molecular forms in which proteins can be present, by top-down proteomics provides essential insights into biological processes at the molecular level.

-Aminated Octaazaperopyrenedioxides (OAPPDOs) as Precursors for Diazepine and Diazepinone Derivatives.

Fully -aminated octaazaperopyrenedioxide (OAPPDO) derivatives have been accessible via Buchwald-Hartwig amination of the -chlorinated starting material. They were isolated as semiquinoidal species with a bent polycyclic core and characterized as nonfluorescent charge-transfer dyes. The corresponding secondary amines were synthesized by reduction and displayed typical absorption and emission behavior for perylene derivatives.