Evaluating the In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) Against the Adult Stages of Fasciola hepatica.

Background: Fascioliasis represents one of the most significant parasitic and foodborne zoonotic diseases in the world. Resistance to currently deployed human and veterinary flukicides is a growing health problem. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have developed enormous importance in nanomedicine.

Amniotic fluid stem cell extracellular vesicles as a novel fetal therapy for pulmonary hypoplasia: a review on mechanisms and translational potential.

Disruption of developmental processes affecting the fetal lung leads to pulmonary hypoplasia. Pulmonary hypoplasia results from several conditions including congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and oligohydramnios. Both entities have high morbidity and mortality, and no effective therapy that fully restores normal lung development.

Nutritional and Sensory Properties of Meat Analogues: A Current Overview and Future Considerations.

For centuries, meat has been a staple in the human diet, cherished for its rich protein content, vitamins, appealing texture, and umami flavor. The future supply is, however, tenuous as the global population continues to grow. Additional issues regarding animal welfare, adverse health effects, and the environmental impact of meat production have accelerated the development of meat analogues (MAs) over the last decades.

Incidence and predictors of weaning failure from veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy in patients with cardiogenic shock.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate incidence and predictors of weaning failure and in-hospital death after successful weaning from veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS).

Methods And Results: Overall, 685 patients with CS treated with VA-ECMO from 23 tertiary care centres in 7 countries were analysed (median age 57 [interquartile range 49-66] years, 542 [79.1%] male, median lactate 7.

Varying Projection Quality of Good Local Electric Field Gradients of Monochlorobenzaldehydes.

Rotational spectroscopy is an excellent tool for structure determination, which can provide additional insights into local electronic structure by investigating the hyperfine pattern due to nuclear quadrupole coupling. Jet-cooled molecules are good experimental benchmark targets for electronic structure calculations, as they are free of environmental effects. We report the rotational spectra of 2-chlorobenzaldehyde, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde, and 4-chlorobenzaldehyde, including a complete experimental description of the nuclear quadrupole coupling constants, which were previously not experimentally determined.

Psychology of Planning.

Planning has been studied in different fields of psychology, including cognitive, developmental, personality, social, and work and organizational research. This article looks at the planning process through the lens of motivation science, and asks the question, What kind of planning can help people reach their goals? We focus on the strategy of making if-then plans (also known as forming implementation intentions). We discuss what kinds of cognitive performance can be enhanced by if-then planning (e.

Phaseless Auxiliary-Field Quantum Monte Carlo Method for Cavity-QED Matter Systems.

We present a generalization of the phaseless auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC) method to cavity quantum-electrodynamical (QED) matter systems. The method can be formulated in both the Coulomb and the dipole gauge. We verify its accuracy by benchmarking calculations on a set of small molecules against full configuration interaction and state-of-the-art QED coupled cluster (QED-CCSD) calculations.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing as a prognosis-assessing tool in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Aims: Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction represent half of the heart failure patients nowadays, an at least steady trend due to the aging of the population. We investigated whether the parameters obtained from cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) correlated with the prognosis of these patients. This prospective observational cohort study assesses the relationship between the CPET parameters peakVO and VE/VCO slope and the number of heart failure hospitalizations or cardiovascular death of these patients.

Low-Impedance Hybrid Carbon Structures on SiO: A Sequential Gas-Phase Coating Approach.

Carbon coating on SiO surface is crucial for enhancing initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and cycling performance in batteries, while also buffering volume expansion. Despite its market prevalence, the effects of the carbon layer's quality and structure on the electrochemical properties of SiO remain underexplored. This study compares carbon layers produced via gas-phase and solid-phase coating methods, introducing an innovative technique that sequentially uses two gases to develop a low-impedance hybrid carbon structure.

Adjusting the ratio of oxidation states in a CuO@Cu2O for the optimization of electrocatalytic CO2 conversion to ethylene.

Understanding the impact of surface copper valence states on the distribution of electrochemical carbon dioxide products is critical. Herein, CuO@Cu2O with a Cu2+/Cu+ interface was fabricated using wet chemical etching approach. The hollow shape offered a large region for gas adsorption, while the interfacial mixed chemical state of Cu2+/Cu+ with tunable control ratio raised the local density of CHO* and accelerated the carbon-carbon coupling reaction.

Learning effectiveness of clinical anatomy and practical spine surgery skills using a new VR-based training platform.

Introduction: As medical education becomes more complex, the demand for advanced teaching and training methods has grown. Technological advancements have opened up new possibilities, particularly in the realm of virtual reality (VR) simulations for training.

Research Question: Our prospective, randomized pilot study aims to assess whether a novel VR-based 3D training platform can effectively teach the knowledge and skills needed for complex spinal surgery, specifically pedicle screw placement.

Extracellular vesicles: from intracellular trafficking molecules to fully fortified delivery vehicles for cancer therapeutics.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as viable tools in cancer treatment due to their ability to carry a wide range of theranostic activities. This review summarizes different forms of EVs such as exosomes, microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, and oncosomes. It also sheds the light onto isolation methodologies, characterization techniques and therapeutic applications of all discussed EVs.

Medical researchers' perception of sharing of metadata from case report forms.

Introduction: Publishing medical metadata stored in case report forms (CRFs) is a prerequisite for the development of a learning health system (LHS) by fostering reuse of metadata and standardization in health research. The aim of our study was to investigate medical researchers' (MRs) willingness to share CRFs, to identify reasons for and against CRF sharing, and to determine if and under which conditions MRs might consider sharing CRF metadata via a public registry.

Methods: We examined CRF data sharing commitments for 1842 interventional trials registered on the German Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS) from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021.

Qualitative Comparison of Cultured Skin Microbiota From the Inguinal Region of Obese and Nonobese Patients Eligible for Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: With the rising prevalence of obesity, surgeons are frequently confronted with the problem of treating osteoarthritis of the hip via arthroplasty (total hip arthroplasty) in severely obese patients. To reduce the surgical impact, minimal-invasive approaches are often chosen. For this reason, the direct anterior approach has gained popularity but is suspected of leading to more wound complications in obese patients, especially by Gram-negative pathogens.

Design of a new Ni@NCNT/graphene hybrid structured catalyst for high-performance electrochemical CO reduction: unravelling the roles of N-doping.

Doping strategies have been recognized as effective approaches for developing cost-effective and durable catalysts with enhanced reactivity and selectivity in the electrochemical synthesis of value-added compounds directly from CO. However, the reaction mechanism and the specific roles of heteroatom doping, such as N doping, in advancing the CO reduction reaction are still controversial due to the lack of precise control of catalyst surface microenvironments. In this study, we investigated the effects of N doping on the performances for electrochemically converting CO to CO over Ni@NCNT/graphene hybrid structured catalysts (Ni@NCNT/Gr).

Grappa - a machine learned molecular mechanics force field.

Simulating large molecular systems over long timescales requires force fields that are both accurate and efficient. In recent years, E(3) equivariant neural networks have lifted the tension between computational efficiency and accuracy of force fields, but they are still several orders of magnitude more expensive than established molecular mechanics (MM) force fields. Here, we propose Grappa, a machine learning framework to predict MM parameters from the molecular graph, employing a graph attentional neural network and a transformer with symmetry-preserving positional encoding.

Morrey Award 2023: radial head donor plug for capitellum osteochondral autograft transfer: a cadaveric biomechanical analysis.

Background: Limitations to using the knee as donor cartilage include cartilage thickness mismatch and donor site morbidity. Using the radial head as donor autograft for capitellar lesions may allow for local graft harvest without distant donor site morbidity. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of performing local osteochondral autograft transfer from the nonarticular cartilaginous rim of the radial head to the capitellum.

Virtual assessment of internal rotation in reverse shoulder arthroplasty based on statistical shape models of scapular size.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess impingement-free internal rotation (IR) in a virtual reverse shoulder arthroplasty simulation using a Statistical Shape Model based on scapula size.

Methods: A database of over 10,000 scapulae utilized for preoperative planning for shoulder arthroplasty was analyzed with a Statistical Shape Model to obtain 5 scapula sizes including the mean and 2 standard deviations. For each scapula model, one glenosphere size (33-42 mm) was selected as the best fit based on consensus among 3 shoulder surgeons.

Diagnostic Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Cardiac Angiosarcoma.

Primary cardiac tumors are a rare disease, with 20% of the cases being malignant. Among them, angiosarcoma is characterized by a short clinical course and poor prognosis, even after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. We present a 67-year-old woman diagnosed with a primary malignant tumor (angiosarcoma) infiltrating the right atrial myocardium.

NET Models Meeting 2024 white paper: the current state of neuroendocrine tumour research models and our future aspirations.

Current models for the study of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are severely limited. While (e.g.

Comparative analysis of intraoperative thermal and optical imaging for identification of the human primary sensory cortex.

Significance: The precise identification and preservation of functional brain areas during neurosurgery are crucial for optimizing surgical outcomes and minimizing postoperative deficits. Intraoperative imaging plays a vital role in this context, offering insights that guide surgeons in protecting critical cortical regions.

Aim: We aim to evaluate and compare the efficacy of intraoperative thermal imaging (ITI) and intraoperative optical imaging (IOI) in detecting the primary somatosensory cortex, providing a detailed assessment of their potential integration into surgical practice.

A nosographic and etiopathogenetic framework for subchondral bone marrow lesions in the knee: A narrative review.

Purpose: Subchondral bone marrow lesions (BMLs) are present in a wide range of pathologies with different prognoses. Thus, a careful diagnosis is mandatory to address them with the proper treatment. The aim of this review was to examine BMLs aetiology and their relationship with biomechanical and biological factors, to identify BMLs and help clinicians to properly recognize and treat each of these common alterations.

Revision of the millipede family Dalodesmidae in Madagascar, with descriptions of two new Malagasy species of Cook, 1896 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida).

The family Dalodesmidae Cook, 1896 in the fauna of Madagascar is reviewed and shown to presently encompass eight species in three genera: Cook, 1896 (six species), Brölemann, 1916 (one species), and de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897 (one species). These genera are diagnosed, and their respective species keyed, all being endemic to Madagascar proper and/or the immediately adjacent islets of Nosy Be and/or Nosy Sakatia. currently contains six species, including two new, all supplied either with brief descriptive notes and available iconography or extensive descriptions and new illustrations, as follows: (Brandt, 1841), from an unspecified locality in Madagascar, now redescribed from a male specimen from Makira, northeastern Madagascar; (Attems, 1898), from Nosy Be Isle; Hoffman, 1974, from Ambohimitombo, central Madagascar; Cook, 1896 (= (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897), ), originally described from an unspecified locality in central Madagascar, with a male type and additional males identified as recorded from the Andasibe National Park (= Périnet) in east-central Madagascar.

A never-ending story: updated 3D cyber-taxonomic revision of the ant genus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) for the Afrotropical region.

The ant genus are fascinating ants due to their distinctive morphology, ecology, and rarity. In this study, a comprehensive revision of in the Afrotropical region is presented, through a combination of morphological examination under the light microscope and three-dimensional (3D) cyber-taxonomy based on microtomography (micro-CT). Micro-CT based 3D surface models of all species were used for virtual morphological visualisation and examination.