Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial to Assess Efficacy and Safety of ELOM-080 in Outpatients with COVID-19.

Introduction: Incidences of infections with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still high and treatment guidelines lack specific recommendations for outpatients with Coronavirus-induced disease 2019 (COVID-19). Phytomedicine ELOM-080, an enhancer of mucociliary clearance (MCC), showed benefits as add-on therapy in hospitalised COVID-19 patients.

Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study investigated whether outpatients with mild to moderate acute symptomatic COVID-19 would benefit from a 14-day treatment with ELOM-080 with regard to potential early treatment effects on cough and further typical COVID-19 symptoms.

Evaluating the value of 3D-printed bone models with fracture fragments connected by flexible rods for training and preoperative planning.

Background: The emergence of 3D printing has revolutionized medical training and preoperative planning. However, existing models have limitations, prompting the development of newly designed flexible 3D-printed bone fracture models.

Methods: The designed flexible 3D-printed bone fracture models were evaluated by 133 trauma surgeons with different levels of experience for perceived value as educational tool or as preoperative planning tool.

Content Validity of the Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale in Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia.

Introduction: The Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale-Activities of Daily Living (FARS-ADL) is a validated and highly utilized measure for evaluating patients with Friedreich Ataxia. While construct validity of FARS-ADL has been shown for spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), content validity has not been established.

Methods: Individuals with SCA1 or SCA3 (n = 7) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) with SCA expertise (n = 8) participated in qualitative interviews evaluating the relevance, clarity, and clinical meaningfulness of FARS-ADL for assessment of individuals with SCA.

BDNF levels in serum and CSF are associated with clinicoradiological characteristics of aggressive disease in MS patients.

Background: BDNF has increasingly gained attention as a key molecule controlling remyelination with a prominent role in neuroplasticity and neuroprotection. Still, it remains unclear how BDNF relates to clinicoradiological characteristics particularly at the early stage of the disease where precise prognosis for the further MS course is crucial.

Methods: BDNF, NfL and GFAP concentrations in serum and CSF were assessed in 106 treatment naïve patients with MS (pwMS) as well as 73 patients with other inflammatory/non-inflammatory neurological or somatoform disorders using a single molecule array HD-1 analyser.

Load-bearing capacity of an experimental dental implant made of Nb-1Zr.

Although implants have undergone a remarkable development over the past decades, modern implants still show complications that make the improvement of materials necessary. The presented study investigates the load-bearing capacity of an experimental dental implant made of a niobium alloy (Nb1Zr) compared to identical implants made of Ti6Al4V using chewing simulation for artificial aging. Eight implants each with an experimental design were manufactured from Nb1Zr and Ti6Al4V.

A new harmony box supplemented with gonial angle and age based on a growing Swiss population.

Purpose: The scope of the present study was to create a new harmony box by adding two diagnostically and clinically important cephalometric variables, the gonial and interincisal angles, while also considering the effect of sex and age for a growing Swiss population.

Methods: A healthy sample with an overjet and overbite between 2 and 4 mm, and 1.5 and 4.

Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcome after proximal hamstring tendon repair at mean 3 years follow-up.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess clinical and radiological outcome in patients after proximal hamstring tendon repair. We hypothesized that there is a significant correlation among subjective clinical outcome and interlimb asymmetries in muscle strength, fatty infiltration, and hamstring volume.

Methods: This retrospective monocentric case series included patients with surgical repair after proximal hamstring tendon rupture.

Unraveling the inflammation-degeneration tangle in early MS: preliminary insights from ferritin, neurogranin, TREM2, and retinal ganglion cell layer.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves a complex interplay between immune-mediated inflammation and neurodegeneration. Recent advances in biomarker research have provided new insights into the molecular underpinnings of MS, including ferritin, neurogranin, Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), and neurofilaments light chain.

Objectives: This pilot study aims to investigate the levels of these biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MS patients and explore their associations with clinical, cognitive, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters.

Predictors of drooling severity in people with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Drooling, defined as the unintentional loss of saliva from the anterior oral cavity, remains poorly understood in terms of the underlying clinical factors in people with Parkinson's disease (PwP). This study aims to clarify these factors by analyzing predictors and secondarily the correlates with the severity of drooling in PwP.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 42 PwP with drooling and 59 without drooling.

Ultrasound-guided needle positioning confirmation with injection of saline solution for nodal dynamic contrast-enhanced MR-lymphangiography in pediatric patients.

Purpose: To assess the success rate of confirmation of ultrasound-guided intranodal needle positioning by saline injection for dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance lymphangiography (DCMRL) in pediatric patients.

Material And Methods: Data from children undergoing nodal DCMRL after ultrasound-guided needle positioning into inguinal lymph nodes and validation of the needle position by injection of plain saline solution between 05/2020 and 12/2022 were reviewed. On injection of saline solution, adequate needle position was confirmed by lymph node distension without leakage.

Repeatability of radiomic features in myocardial T1 and T2 mapping.

Purpose: To investigate the test-retest repeatability of radiomic features in myocardial native T1 and T2 mapping.

Methods: In this prospective study, 50 healthy volunteers (29 women and 21 men, mean age 39.4 ± 13.

Cerebral vasculitis related to neurosarcoidosis: a case series and systematic literature review.

Cerebral vasculitis is a rare but severe manifestation of neurosarcoidosis (NS) that has received little attention. The aim of the present study was to characterize clinical and diagnostic features as well as potential treatment strategies of cerebral vasculitis related to NS. We assessed 29 patients with cerebral vasculitis related to NS (15 female, mean age at time of diagnosis 45 years, SD = 11.

Leveraging mobility data to analyze persistent SARS-CoV-2 mutations and inform targeted genomic surveillance.

Given the rapid cross-country spread of SARS-CoV-2 and the resulting difficulty in tracking lineage spread, we investigated the potential of combining mobile service data and fine-granular metadata (such as postal codes and genomic data) to advance integrated genomic surveillance of the pandemic in the federal state of Thuringia, Germany. We sequenced over 6500 SARS-CoV-2 Alpha genomes (B.1.

A comparison of methods for modeling soundscape dimensions based on different datasetsa).

Soundscape studies vary considerably in study design, statistical methods, and model fit metrics used. Due to this confounding of data and methods, it is difficult to assess the suitability of statistical modelling techniques used in the literature. Therefore, five different methods and two performance metrics were applied to three existing soundscape datasets to model soundscape Pleasantness and Eventfulness based on seven acoustic and three sociodemographic predictors.

Lateralizing value of interictal epileptiform discharges and other parameters in hypothalamic hamartoma.

Objective: Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are associated with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation (SRT) shows promise as a disconnecting intervention. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is typically used to determine the attachment and intervention side, it presents challenges in cases of bilaterally attached HH, where the epileptogenic side is unclear.

RECQL4 affects MHC class II-mediated signalling and favours an immune-evasive signature that limits response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with malignant melanoma.

Background: Cancer immunotherapy has transformed metastatic cancer treatment, yet challenges persist regarding therapeutic efficacy. RECQL4, a RecQ-like helicase, plays a central role in DNA replication and repair as part of the DNA damage response, a pathway implicated in enhancing efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies. However, its role in patient response to ICI remains unclear.

Neutral and ionic Co(II) metal-organic frameworks with 2-methylimidazole and trimesate: design and evaluation for molecule encapsulation and slow release.

Two Co(II) mixed-ligand metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on 2-methylimidazole and trimesate were synthesised at room temperature. The structure and properties of the two MOFs, named material Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron-1 and -2 (mDESY-1 and mDESY-2), were verified by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), SQUID magnetic susceptibility and N adsorption. The structural analysis indicates that mDESY-1 is a 3D ionic framework with 2-methyl-1-imidazol-3-ium counterions residing in its pores, while mDESY-2 is a 2D neutral framework isostructural to ITH-1, with water as a co-crystallising solvent.

Posttraining Network Compression for 3D Medical Image Segmentation: Reducing Computational Efforts via Tucker Decomposition.

Purpose To investigate whether the computational effort of 3D CT-based multiorgan segmentation with TotalSegmentator can be reduced via Tucker decomposition-based network compression. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, Tucker decomposition was applied to the convolutional kernels of the TotalSegmentator model, an nnU-Net model trained on a comprehensive CT dataset for automatic segmentation of 117 anatomic structures. The proposed approach reduced the floating-point operations (FLOPs) and memory required during inference, offering an adjustable trade-off between computational efficiency and segmentation quality.

Modeling plant phenotypic plasticity and its underlying genetic architecture: a comparative study.

Phenotypic plasticity can contribute to crop adaptation to challenging environments. Plasticity indices are potentially useful to identify the genetic basis of crop phenotypic plasticity. Numerous methods exist to measure phenotypic plasticity.

Impact of fluorination on membrane-protein stabilization and extraction by lactobionamide detergents.

We report the synthesis of a series of detergents with a lactobionamide polar head group and a tail containing four to seven perfluorinated carbon atoms. Critical micellar concentrations (CMCs) were determined using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and surface tension (SFT) measurements, showing a progressive decrease from 27 mM to about 0.2 mM across the series.

In situ quantification of ribosome number by electron tomography.

Ribosomes, discovered in 1955 by George Palade, were initially described as small cytoplasmic particles preferentially associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Over the years, extensive research has focused on both the structure and function of ribosomes. However, a fundamental question - how many ribosomes are present within whole cells - has remained largely unaddressed.

Physical Prehabilitation for Older Patients with Cancer before Complex Medical-Surgical Interventions: An Umbrella Review.

Prehabilitation has become a field of increasing interest over recent decades. However, few studies specifically investigated prehabilitation for older patients with cancer. The objective of this umbrella review was to summarize evidence on prehabilitation programs to identify the physical interventions that may be applied with benefit to older cancer patients who will undergo complex medical-surgical procedures.

Keyhole Fenestration for Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in the Thoracic Spine: Quantification of Bone Removal and Microsurgical Anatomy.

Background And Objective: A safe working trajectory is mandatory for spinal pathologies, especially in the midline, anterior to the spinal cord. For thoracic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, we developed a minimally invasive keyhole fenestration. This study investigates the necessary bone removal for sufficient exposure of different leak types particularly regarding weight-bearing structures.

AUTOGRAPH: Chemical Reaction Networks in 3D.

Understanding and analyzing large-scale reaction networks is a fundamental challenge due to their complexity and size, often beyond human comprehension. In this paper, we introduce AUTOGRAPH, the first web-based tool designed for the interactive three-dimensional (3D) visualization and construction of reaction networks. AUTOGRAPH emphasizes ease of use, allowing users to intuitively build, modify, and explore individual reaction networks in real time.

The temperature dependence of Mössbauer quadrupole splitting values: a quantum chemical analysis.

The two key parameters extracted from Mössbauer spectroscopy, isomer shift and quadrupole splitting, have well-known temperature dependencies. While the behavior of the values following a temperature change has long been known, its microscopic origins are less clear. For quantum chemical calculations - formally representing the situation at 0 K - significant discrepancies with the experiment can arise, especially at elevated temperatures.