A Noncatalytic Cysteine Residue Modulates Cobalamin Reactivity in the Human B Processing Enzyme CblC.

Human CblC catalyzes the indispensable processing of dietary vitamin B by the removal of its β-axial ligand and an either one- or two-electron reduction of its cobalt center to yield cob(II)alamin and cob(I)alamin, respectively. Human CblC possesses five cysteine residues of an unknown function. We hypothesized that Cys149, conserved in mammals, tunes the CblC reactivity.

2024 White Paper on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis: Three Way-Cross Validation; Urine Clinical Analysis; Automated Methods; Regulatory Queries on Plasma Protein Binding; Automated Biospecimen Management; ELN Migration; Ultra-Sensitivity Mass Spectrometry ( - Recommendations on Advanced Strategies for Mass Spectrometry Assays, Chromatography, Sample Preparation and BMV/Regulated Bioanalysis - Regulatory Agencies' Inputs on Regulated Bioanalysis/BMV).

The 18 Workshop on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis (18 WRIB) took place in San Antonio, TX, USA on May 6-10, 2024. Over 1100 professionals representing pharma/biotech companies, CROs, and multiple regulatory agencies convened to actively discuss the most current topics of interest in bioanalysis. The 18 WRIB included 3 Main Workshops and 7 Specialized Workshops that together spanned 1 week to allow an exhaustive and thorough coverage of all major issues in bioanalysis of biomarkers, immunogenicity, gene therapy, cell therapy and vaccines.

Protocol for assessing and visualizing cell microaggregate formation in whole blood by imaging flow cytometry.

Blood cell aggregates are clinically useful biomarkers in a number of medical disorders. This protocol provides accurate and quantitative analysis of cell aggregates using a small volume of whole blood and imaging flow cytometry. We describe steps for sample collection, staining, and measurement.

Limited reactivity of pyroxene and plagioclase in batch experiments with supercritical CO in the presence of NaCl and NaHCO in the context of CO sequestration via carbonation.

One-step high-pressure and high-temperature direct aqueous mineral carbonation of tailings derived from mining of Platinum Group Metals in South Africa requires a fundamental understanding of the reactivity of the most dominant mineral phases, i.e. pyroxene and plagioclase (66 wt.

New physiological insights using multi-TE ASL MRI measuring blood-brain barrier water exchange after caffeine intake.

Objectives: Caffeine, a known neurostimulant and adenosine antagonist, affects brain physiology by decreasing cerebral blood flow. It interacts with adenosine receptors to induce vasoconstriction, potentially disrupting brain homeostasis. However, the impact of caffeine on blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability to water remains underexplored.

Novel Surgical Initiatives in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours.

Purpose Of Review: Neuroendocrine tumours (NET) are rare entities arising from hormone producing cells in the gastroentero-pancreatic (GEP) tract. Surgery is the most common treatment of GEP-NETs.

Recent Findings: Improvements in surgical techniques allow for more locally advanced and metastasised GEP-NETs to be resected.

Diaphragmatic stripping versus full-thickness diaphragmatic resection in cytoreductive surgery: a meta-analysis of the current evidence.

Purpose: The primary objective was to compare the intra- and postoperative outcomes of diaphragmatic stripping versus full-thickness diaphragmatic resection in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis who underwent cytoreductive surgery.

Methods: According to the PRSIMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted for studies comparing postoperative pulmonary complications as well as intra- and postoperative outcomes of diaphragmatic stripping versus full-thickness diaphragmatic resection in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis necessitating cytoreductive surgery. Data from eligible studies were extracted, qualitatively assessed, and included in a meta-analysis.

What does the patients' perception of alignment tell us about alignment targets in total knee arthroplasty?

Introduction: Knee alignment significantly impacts the outcome of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Understanding patient perceptions of their knee alignment in relation to objective measurements is essential to ensure optimal surgical outcomes and to meet patients' expectations. This study reports patients' perception of pre- and postoperative knee alignment in relation to radiographic alignment measurements.

Impact of a new image enhancement technology on the nuchal translucency thickness.

Objective: To examine the impact of a new image enhancement technique on the distribution of NT measurements.

Methods: In this retrospective study, nuchal translucency (NT) images that were taken with the GE Voluson E22 ultrasound machine between May and September 2024 were collected. One operator took manual and automated NT measurements in an NT image without radiant enhancement mode followed by automated measurements in NT images with minimum, medium and maximum radiant mode.

Unmet clinical needs in women with polycystic ovary syndrome regarding fertility and obesity: a cross-sectional study from the patient's perspective.

Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, often leading to anovulatory infertility. Obesity exacerbates the reproductive, metabolic and psychological features of PCOS, making fertility treatment and patient satisfaction difficult. Despite guidelines from the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) emphasizing lifestyle modifications and specific treatments, there remains a significant gap in adherence to these guidelines by both healthcare providers and patients.

Exosome: an overview on enhanced biogenesis by small molecules.

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that received attention for their potential use in the treatment of various injuries. They communicate intercellularly by transferring genetic and bioactive molecules from parent cells. Although exosomes hold immense promise for treating neurodegenerative and oncological diseases, their actual clinical use is very limited because of their biogenesis and secretion.

Which patients with negative PSMA-PET imaging can safely avoid biopsy for prostate cancer? a novel step towards PSMA-based biopsy-free strategy.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify if a subset of men can safely avoid or delay prostate biopsy based on negative results of prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET).

Materials And Methods: Among 341 consecutive cases in a prospective biopsy cohort (NCT05073653), 111 treatment-naïve men with negative PSMA-PET (PRIMARY-score 1/2) were included. All participants underwent PSMA-PET and histopathological examinations.

Predictors of functional recovery following surgical repair of quadriceps tendon rupture: insights from a German multicentre study.

Introduction: More extensive and cohesive studies on quadriceps tendon rupture (QTR) repair surgery are required to guide effective treatment strategies. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify predictors of subjective functional recovery following QTR repair surgery.

Materials And Methods: This multicentre retrospective cohort study enrolled 191 adults (age ≥ 18 years) who underwent surgical unilateral QTR repair (2010-2022) and had ≥ 1-year postoperative follow-up at three trauma centres in Germany.

Deep learning for forensic age estimation using orthopantomograms in children, adolescents, and young adults.

Objectives: Forensic age estimation from orthopantomograms (OPGs) can be performed more quickly and accurately using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), making them an ideal extension to standard forensic age estimation methods. This study evaluates improvements in forensic age prediction for children, adolescents, and young adults by training a custom CNN from a previous study, using a larger, diverse dataset with a focus on dental growth features.

Methods: 21,814 OPGs from 13,766 individuals aged 1 to under 25 years were utilized.

Effect of artificial intelligence-aided differentiation of adenomatous and non-adenomatous colorectal polyps at CT colonography on radiologists' therapy management.

Objectives: Adenomatous colorectal polyps require endoscopic resection, as opposed to non-adenomatous hyperplastic colorectal polyps. This study aims to evaluate the effect of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted differentiation of adenomatous and non-adenomatous colorectal polyps at CT colonography on radiologists' therapy management.

Materials And Methods: Five board-certified radiologists evaluated CT colonography images with colorectal polyps of all sizes and morphologies retrospectively and decided whether the depicted polyps required endoscopic resection.

Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome.

The global increase of overweight and obesity in children and adults is one of the most prominent public health threats, often accompanied by insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The simultaneous occurrence of these health problems is referred to as metabolic syndrome. Various criteria have been proposed to define this syndrome, but no general consensus on the specific markers and the respective cut-offs has been achieved yet.

Bimekizumab efficacy and safety through 3 years in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: Long-term results from the BE RADIANT phase 3b trial open-label extension period.

Background: Overexpression of interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-17F significantly influences psoriasis pathology. Until recently, biologics targeting IL-17A alone, like secukinumab, were used to treat psoriasis. Bimekizumab is a monoclonal IgG1 antibody that targets both IL-17A and IL-17F.

Operando Characterization of Fe in Doped Ni(Fe)OH Catalysts for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution.

Iron-doped nickel oxyhydroxides, Ni(Fe)OH, are among the most promising oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts in alkaline environments. Although iron (Fe) significantly enhances the catalytic activity, there is still no clear consensus on whether Fe directly participates in the reaction or merely acts as a promoter. To elucidate the Fe's role, we performed X-ray spectroscopy studies supported by DFT on Ni(Fe)OH electrocatalysts.

Gender and educational trends in lifetime risk, age at onset, expectancy, and survival with cardiovascular disease in Finland, 1996-2020.

Objectives: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality globally. Examining trends in CVD burden and associated sociodemographic disparities can contribute to tailoring policies that promote cardiovascular health and narrow health disparities. However, existing studies predominantly focus only on mortality.

2024 White Paper on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis: Evolution of Immunogenicity Assessment beyond ADA/NAb; Regulated Genomic/NGS Assays; Hypersensitivity Reactions; Minimum Noise Reduction; False Positive Range; Modernized Vaccine Approaches; NAb/TAb Correlation - Recommendations on Advanced Strategies for Molecular Assays and Immunogenicity of Gene Therapy, Cell Therapy, Vaccine; Biotherapeutics Immunogenicity Assessment & Clinical Relevance - Regulatory Agencies' Input on Immunogenicity/Technologies of Biotherapeutics, Gene, Cell & Vaccine Therapies).

The 18 Workshop on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis (18 WRIB) took place in San Antonio, TX, USA on May 6-10, 2024. Over 1100 professionals representing pharma/biotech companies, CROs, and multiple regulatory agencies convened to actively discuss the most current topics of interest in bioanalysis. The 18 WRIB included 3 Main Workshops and 7 Specialized Workshops that together spanned 1 week to allow an exhaustive and thorough coverage of all major issues in bioanalysis of biomarkers, immunogenicity, gene therapy, cell therapy and vaccines.

2024 White paper on recent issues in bioanalysis: Impact of LDT in US and IVDR in EU; AI/ML for High Parameter Flow Cytometry; The rise of Olink Technology; CDx for AAV Gene Therapies; Integrative Bioanalysis by Multiple Platforms; Super Sensitive ADA/NAb LBA ( - Recommendations on Advanced Strategies for Biomarkers, IVD/CDx Assays (BAV), Cell Based Assays (CBA), and Ligand-Binding Assays (LBA) - Regulatory Agencies' Input on Biomarkers, IVD/CDx, and Biomarker Assay Validation).

The 18th Workshop on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis (18th WRIB) took place in San Antonio, TX, USA on May 6-10, 2024. Over 1100 professionals representing pharma/biotech companies, CROs, and multiple regulatory agencies convened to actively discuss the most current topics of interest in bioanalysis. The 18th WRIB included 3 Main Workshops and 7 Specialized Workshops that together spanned 1 week to allow an exhaustive and thorough coverage of all major issues in bioanalysis of biomarkers, immunogenicity, gene therapy, cell therapy and vaccines.

SERT-Deficient Mice Fed Western Diet Reveal Altered Metabolic and Pro-Inflammatory Responses of the Liver: A Link to Abnormal Behaviors.

Background: The inheritance of the short allele, encoding the serotonin transporter (SERT) in humans, increases susceptibility to neuropsychiatric and metabolic disorders, with aging and female sex further exacerbating these conditions. Both central and peripheral mechanisms of the compromised serotonin (5-HT) system play crucial roles in this context. Previous studies on SERT-deficient (Sert) mice, which model human SERT deficiency, have demonstrated emotional and metabolic disturbances, exacerbated by exposure to a high-fat Western diet (WD).

Plant Colonization by Biocontrol Bacteria and Improved Plant Health: A Review.

The use of biological control agents is one of the best strategies available to combat the plant diseases in an ecofriendly manner. Biocontrol bacteria capable of providing beneficial effect in crop plant growth and health, have been developed for several decades. It highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the colonization mechanisms employed by biocontrol bacteria to enhance their efficacy in plant pathogen control.