Enantioselective Synthesis of Tetrahydro-1-1,3-methanocarbazoles by Formal (3 + 3)-Cycloaddition Using Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes.

Asymmetric synthesis presents many challenges, with the selective formation of chiral bridged polyheterocycles being a notable example. Cycloadditions using bicyclo[1.1.

Effects of Conservation Agriculture on Soil NO Emissions and Crop Yield in Global Cereal Cropping Systems.

Conservation agriculture, which involves minimal soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, and crop rotation, has been widely adopted as a sustainable agricultural practice globally. However, the effects of conservation agriculture practices on soil NO emissions and crop yield vary based on geography, management methods, and the duration of implementation, which has hindered its widespread scientific application. In this study, we assessed the impacts of no-tillage (NT), both individually and in combination with other conservation agriculture principles, on soil NO emissions and crop yields worldwide, based on 1270 observations from 86 peer-reviewed articles.

PEARL: Protein Eluting Alginate with Recombinant Lactobacilli.

Engineered living materials (ELMs) made of bacteria in hydrogels have shown considerable promise for therapeutic applications through controlled and sustained release of complex biopharmaceuticals at low costs and with reduced wastage. While most therapeutic ELMs use E. coli due to its large genetic toolbox, most live biotherapeutic bacteria in development are lactic acid bacteria due to native health benefits they offer.

Adsorption and Separation by Flexible MOFs.

Flexible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer unique opportunities due to their dynamic structural adaptability. This review explores the impact of flexibility on gas adsorption, highlighting key concepts for gas storage and separation. Specific examples demonstrate the principal effectiveness of flexible frameworks in enhancing gas uptake and working capacity.

Lifetime Abuse and the Barriers to Women Aged 50 and Over Using Domestic Violence Services in Germany.

Women often suffer abuse for many years before they turn to social services for victims and survivors of domestic violence (DV). This article examines the barriers that prevent women aged 50 and over from using these services. Adopting an intersectional approach, the article presents findings from a qualitative research project conducted in Germany.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: 2025 Update on the Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapy.

Disease Overview: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent type of leukemia. It typically occurs in older patients and has a highly variable clinical course. Leukemic transformation is initiated by specific genomic alterations that interfere with the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in clonal B-cells.

Multispecies comparisons support a startle response origin for a novel vibrational signal in the cricket tribe Lebinthini.

Many animals communicate using call and response signals, but the evolutionary origins of this type of communication are largely unknown. In most cricket species, males sing and females walk or fly to calling males. In the tribe Lebinthini, however, males produce calls that trigger a vibrational reply from females, and males use the substrate vibrations to find the responding female.

The use of outpatient support services: Differences between people with mild cognitive impairment and people with mild to moderate dementia.

Background: Little is known about the utilization of outpatient support services by people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the use of support services by people with MCI compared to people with mild to moderate dementia.

Methods: The data basis is the multicenter, prospective register study 'Digital Dementia Register Bavaria - digiDEM Bayern'.

Exploring the Patients' Perspective on Digital Tools for Psychosocial Assessment in Dentistry.

Background: Psychosocial screening is a valuable part of the assessment of patients with orofacial pain, as psychosocial factors will affect prognosis and treatment outcomes. Paper-based questionnaires are predominately used to assess the degree of psychosocial comorbidity; however, digital alternatives for screening questionnaires may be more cost-effective and resource-saving if patients are receptive to using them.

Objective: To evaluate how patients perceive digital psychosocial screening in dentistry.

Influence of matrix stiffness on microstructure evolution and magnetization of magneto-active elastomers.

Field-induced microstructure evolution can play an important role in defining the coupled magneto-mechanical response of Magneto-Active Elastomers (MAEs). The behavior of these materials is classically modeled using mechanical, magnetic and coupled magneto-mechanical contributions to their free energy function. If the MAE sample is fully clamped so it cannot deform, the mechanical coupling is reduced to the internal microscopic deformations caused by the particles moving and deforming the elastic medium that surrounds them.

Xolography for Biomedical Applications: Dual-Color Light-Sheet Printing of Hydrogels With Local Control Over Shape and Stiffness.

Current challenges in tissue engineering include creation of extracellular environments that support and interact with cells using biochemical, mechanical, and structural cues. Spatial control over these cues is currently limited due to a lack of suitable fabrication techniques. This study introduces Xolography, an emerging dual-color light-sheet volumetric printing technology, to achieve control over structural and mechanical features for hydrogel-based photoresins at micro- to macroscale while printing within minutes.

Interactions of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells and Dopaminergic Neurons in the Mouse Substantia Nigra.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease caused by the death of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region of the midbrain. Recent genomic and single cell sequencing data identified oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to confer genetic risk in PD, but their biological role is unknown. Although SNpc dopaminergic neurons are scarcely or thinly myelinated, there is a gap in the knowledge concerning the physiological interactions between dopaminergic neurons and oligodendroglia.

Flower colour contrast, 'spectral purity' and a red herring.

Nature offers a bewildering diversity of flower colours. Understanding the ecology and evolution of this fantastic floral diversity requires knowledge about the visual systems of their natural observers, such as insect pollinators. The key question is how flower colour and pattern can be measured and represented to characterise the signals that are relevant to pollinators.

Effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy: Main results of a practice-research network study.

Background: Emotion-Focused Therapy is one of the evidence-based psychotherapies for a range of psychological problems. While most evidence was gained from randomized controlled studies or process research at university settings, there is a need for more outcome research conducted within practitioner-researcher networks assessing the effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Therapy in private practice.

Methods: A total of  = 70 clients with a variety of psychiatric disorders have been included in the bi-national practitioner researcher network for Emotion-focused Therapy Switzerland-Germany.

How Droplets Dry on Stretched Soft Substrates.

Droplet evaporation on solid substrates is a ubiquitous phenomenon and is relevant in many natural and industrial processes. Whereas it has been reported that the evaporation process is sped up on soft substrates compared with that on hard substrates, no attempt has been made in exploring how substrate stretching affects droplet evaporation and evaporative deposition patterns. Here, we systematically investigate the contact line dynamics of droplets evaporating on substrates with different stiffnesses and stretching ratios and the structures of the evaporative deposition patterns of nanoparticles.

Gender-specific outcomes in pilonidal sinus disease: Female outcomes after cleft lift surgery in a large prospective Danish cohort.

Aim: Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a common condition particularly affecting young men. Females affected by the condition account for about 20% of patients and are rarely mentioned, much less studied specifically. In this study we evaluate the surgical outcomes in a female population following Bascom's cleft lift (BCL) surgery in primary extensive disease, non-healing wounds after previous surgery and recurrent disease in a large Danish cohort from a high-volume centre.

Model-based perfusion reconstruction with time separation technique in cone-beam CT dynamic liver perfusion imaging.

Background: The success of embolization, a minimally invasive treatment of liver cancer, could be evaluated in the operational room with cone-beam CT by acquiring a dynamic perfusion scan to inspect the contrast agent flow.

Purpose: The reconstruction algorithm must address the issues of low temporal sampling and higher noise levels inherent in cone-beam CT systems, compared to conventional CT.

Methods: Therefore, a model-based perfusion reconstruction based on the time separation technique (TST) was applied.

The ABC transporter A7 modulates neuroinflammation via NLRP3 inflammasome in Alzheimer's disease mice.

Background: Specific genetic variants in the ATP-binding cassette transporter A7 locus (ABCA7) are associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). ABCA7 transports lipids from/across cell membranes, regulates Aβ peptide processing and clearance, and modulates microglial and T-cell functions to maintain immune homeostasis in the brain. During AD pathogenesis, neuroinflammation is one of the key mechanisms involved.

Experimental paradigm to test the effects of providing social support: study protocol of the PROSPECT trial (Study 2).

Background: A growing body of research suggests that the provision of social support can have benefits not only for the recipients but also for the provider. Although initial evidence for affective, self-evaluative and physiological outcomes has been established, the beneficial effects of support provision do not occur consistently across all support interactions, and some interactions may even have detrimental effects on providers. The aim of our experimental paradigm is to enable researchers to test the conditions under which the provision of social support to dyadic partners affects affective, self-evaluative, physiological, and relationship outcomes for the provider.

Impact of cariprazine on body weight and blood pressure among adults with bipolar I disorder, schizophrenia, or major depressive disorder in a real-world setting.

Background: Atypical antipsychotics are a common treatment for serious mental illness, but many are associated with adverse effects, including weight gain and cardiovascular issues, and real-world experience may differ from clinical trial data. Cariprazine has previously demonstrated a favorable safety and tolerability profile in clinical trials. Here, we evaluated the effects of cariprazine on body weight and blood pressure for bipolar I disorder (BP-I), schizophrenia, or as adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) using real-world data.

Evaluation of mobile clinics by MSF in pastoralist community in Doolo Zone, Somali region, Ethiopia.

Background: The Somali region in Ethiopia has poor health infrastructure, coupled with the adversity experienced by the largely pastoralist population through frequent droughts, disease outbreaks and conflict. From January 2019, MSF strategically focused on improving access to primary healthcare in the Doolo zone of the Somali region by providing 15-20 mobile clinics covering a wide geographical area. We aimed to evaluate the extent to which mobile clinics were an appropriate and effective modality to deliver healthcare for populations living in the region.

Effect of census-based correction of population figures on mortality rates in Germany.

Background: The population figures in Germany are obtained by updating the results of the latest census with information from the statistics on birth, deaths and migration statistics. The Census 2011 in Germany corrected population figures, which have only been updated over a long period of time. The aim of this work is to show the effect of the census-based correction of the population figures on the magnitude of mortality rates in Germany 2011-2013.

Micro CT evaluation of marginal discrepancies of endocrown restored molars with different intrapulpal depths and materials of fabrication. (in-vitro study).

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different preparation depths (0, 2 and 4 mm) of different restoration designs (classic endocrown design versus overlay design) on marginal adaptation of restorations fabricated of two different restorative materials (lithium disilicate and PEEK).

Materials And Methods: Sixty mandibular natural molars were collected as abutments for the restorations of this study, and grouped in three main groups of different cavity depths (0, 2 and 4). Each group was divided into two subgroups according to material of fabrication to (L) for lithium disilicate (IPS emax CAD, Ivoclar vivadent, Switzarland) and (P) for PEEK (Bio-hpp, Bredent, Germany).

Developing a clinical prediction model to modify empirical antibiotics for non-typhoidal Salmonella bloodstream infection in children under-five in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Background: Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) frequently cause bloodstream infection in children under-five in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in malaria-endemic areas. Due to increasing drug resistance, NTS are often not covered by standard-of-care empirical antibiotics for severe febrile illness. We developed a clinical prediction model to orient the choice of empirical antibiotics (standard-of-care versus alternative antibiotics) for children admitted to hospital in settings with high proportions of drug-resistant NTS.