1,544,819 results match your criteria: "Germany; DZHK German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site[Affiliation]"

Autograft dilation after Ross procedure in children and young adults is mitigated by autograft reinforcement: A retrospective MRI study.

Sci Rep

January 2025

Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.

Limited magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data on autograft dilatation following the Ross procedure in congenital cohorts presents challenges in understanding its evolution and impact on clinical outcomes. This study, spanning from February 2003 to December 2022, included patients under 40 years at the time of the Ross procedure, with MRI follow-ups assessing dimensions at key aortic sites. Among 307 patients, 132 MRIs were analyzed from 76 individuals, revealing that autograft z-scores increase primarily with time post-procedure (Coef.

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Neuromorphic computing is a brain-inspired approach to hardware and algorithm design that efficiently realizes artificial neural networks. Neuromorphic designers apply the principles of biointelligence discovered by neuroscientists to design efficient computational systems, often for applications with size, weight and power constraints. With this research field at a critical juncture, it is crucial to chart the course for the development of future large-scale neuromorphic systems.

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Functional connectivity holds promise as a biomarker of schizophrenia. Yet, the high dimensionality of predictive models trained on functional connectomes, combined with small sample sizes in clinical research, increases the risk of overfitting. Recently, low-dimensional representations of the connectome such as macroscale cortical gradients and gradient dispersion have been proposed, with studies noting consistent gradient and dispersion differences in psychiatric conditions.

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Evaluating pulmonary stenosis and regurgitation impact on cardiac strain and strain rate in a porcine model via magnetic resonance feature tracking.

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging

January 2025

University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg-August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37099, Göttingen, Germany.

Background: Pulmonary stenosis (PS) is common in congenital heart disease and an integral finding in Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Pulmonary regurgitation (PR) is more commonly found following surgery in repaired TOF. We aimed to evaluate the haemodynamic effects of PS and PR on cardiac physiology in a porcine model using cardiac magnetic resonance-based feature tracking (CMR-FT) deformation imaging.

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Understanding the influence of stratification for mine water management: a comparative study.

Sci Rep

January 2025

South African Research Chair for Acid Mine Drainage Treatment, Tshwane University of Technology (TUT), Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.

Managing mine water in the best possible way is of great importance and depends on various factors like environmental protection, regulatory compliance and human health. To understand the complex chemical and hydrodynamic processes within the mine pool, it is critical to establish effective practices and management strategies. This study focuses on the characterisation of hydrodynamic processes affecting flooded underground mines, emphasising the importance of density stratification.

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Observation of magnetic skyrmion lattice in CrMnGe by small-angle neutron scattering.

Sci Rep

January 2025

Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 13109, Berlin, Germany.

Incommensurate magnetic phases in chiral cubic crystals are an established source of topological spin textures such as skyrmion and hedgehog lattices, with potential applications in spintronics and information storage. We report a comprehensive small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) study on the B20-type chiral magnet Cr[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]Ge, exploring its magnetic phase diagram and confirming the stabilization of a skyrmion lattice under low magnetic fields. Our results reveal a helical ground state with a decreasing pitch from 40 to 35 nm upon cooling, and a skyrmion phase stable in applied magnetic fields of 10-30 mT, and over an unusually wide temperature range for chiral magnets of 6 K ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] K).

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Longitudinal evolution of the transdiagnostic prodrome to severe mental disorders: a dynamic temporal network analysis informed by natural language processing and electronic health records.

Mol Psychiatry

January 2025

Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

Modelling the prodrome to severe mental disorders (SMD), including unipolar mood disorders (UMD), bipolar mood disorders (BMD) and psychotic disorders (PSY), should consider both the evolution and interactions of symptoms and substance use (prodromal features) over time. Temporal network analysis can detect causal dependence between and within prodromal features by representing prodromal features as nodes, with their connections (edges) indicating the likelihood of one feature preceding the other. In SMD, node centrality could reveal insights into important prodromal features and potential intervention targets.

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Imaging the entire cardiomyocyte network in entire small animal hearts at single cell resolution is a formidable challenge. Optical microscopy provides sufficient contrast and resolution in 2d, however fails to deliver non-destructive 3d reconstructions with isotropic resolution. It requires several invasive preparation steps, which introduce structural artefacts, namely dehydration, physical slicing and staining, or for the case of light sheet microscopy also clearing of the tissue.

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Phage therapy could be key to conquering persistent bacterial lung infections in children.

NPJ Antimicrob Resist

October 2024

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.

Persistent bacterial lung infections in children lead to significant morbidity and mortality due to antibiotic resistance. In this paper, we describe how phage therapy has shown remarkable efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies, demonstrating significant therapeutic benefits through various administration routes. Ongoing trials are evaluating its safety and effectiveness against different pathogens.

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Linking Research Data with Physically Preserved Research Materials in Chemistry.

Sci Data

January 2025

Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.

Results of scientific work in chemistry can usually be obtained in the form of materials and data. A big step towards transparency and reproducibility of the scientific work can be gained if scientists publish their data in research data repositories in a FAIR manner. Nevertheless, in order to make chemistry a sustainable discipline, obtaining FAIR data is insufficient and a comprehensive concept that includes preservation of materials is needed.

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Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) provide biologically relevant models and potential platforms for the development of treatment strategies for precision medicine in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, circulating epithelial tumor cells (CETCs/CTCs) are released into the bloodstream by solid tumors and a rare subpopulation-circulating cancer stem cells (cCSCs) - is considered to be responsible for recurrence and plays a key role in metastasis. For the identification of cCSCs, an innovative in vitro assay to generate tumorspheres was established in this study.

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Group A Streptococcus (Strep A) is a human-exclusive bacterial pathogen killing annually more than 500,000 patients, and no current licensed vaccine exists. Strep A bacteria are highly diverse, but all produce an essential, abundant, and conserved surface carbohydrate, the Group A Carbohydrate, which contains a rhamnose polysaccharide (RhaPS) backbone. RhaPS is a validated universal vaccine candidate in a glycoconjugate prepared by chemical conjugation of the native carbohydrate to a carrier protein.

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Colonies of the social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus go through a morphological transition from a thin colony of cells to three-dimensional droplet-like fruiting bodies as a strategy to survive starvation. The biological pathways that control the decision to form a fruiting body have been studied extensively. However, the mechanical events that trigger the creation of multiple cell layers and give rise to droplet formation remain poorly understood.

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Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type B (ALOX15B) peroxidises polyunsaturated fatty acids to their corresponding fatty acid hydroperoxides, which are subsequently reduced into hydroxy-fatty acids. A dysregulated abundance of these biological lipid mediators has been reported in the skin and blood of psoriatic compared to healthy individuals. RNAscope and immunohistochemistry revealed increased ALOX15B expression in lesional psoriasis samples.

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Lactic acid in the vaginal milieu modulates the -host interaction.

Virulence

December 2025

Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, T he Netherlands.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most common infections caused by . VVC is characterized by an inadequate hyperinflammatory response and clinical symptoms associated with colonization of the vaginal mucosa. Compared to other host niches in which can cause infection, the vaginal environment is extremely rich in lactic acid that is produced by the vaginal microbiota.

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Introduction: There is currently limited information regarding the association between the modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill (mNUTRIC) score, nutrition delivery and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) section.

Methods And Analysis: The Isfahan-ICU study is a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study that will be conducted on critically ill adults treated in the trauma or medical ICU sections of six hospitals to investigate whether clinical outcomes, including length of ICU stay and 30-day survival, vary by the mNUTRIC score at admission or the 7-day nutrition delivery. This paper outlines the Isfahan-ICU study protocol approved by the ethics committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

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Objectives: Health research that significantly impacts global clinical practice and policy is often published in high-impact factor (IF) medical journals. These outlets play a pivotal role in the worldwide dissemination of novel medical knowledge. However, researchers identifying as women and those affiliated with institutions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have been largely under-represented in high-IF journals across multiple fields of medicine.

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Introduction: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a cyclic mood disorder affecting around 2%-5% of women of reproductive age. Pharmacological interventions exist, but many patients with PMDD experience residual symptoms, discontinue medications or refrain from them due to side effects. Thus, non-pharmacological treatments are needed as an alternative or additive treatment strategy.

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Short-term modification of breathprint by Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor in a paediatric cohort.

J Cyst Fibros

January 2025

INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Mucoviscidose et Maladies apparentées, Paris, France; Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France; European Reference Network-Lung. Frankfurt, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: The triple combination Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor (ETI) translates into major respiratory improvements in adults; yet current clinical endpoints may prove insufficiently sensitive in young children. We hypothesised that ETI rapidly modifies the lungs' metabolism, resulting in changes in breath composition.

Methods: Eleven children with CF were enrolled in a longitudinal pilot study at the paediatric Necker hospital.

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Microautophagy in cereal grains: protein storage or degradation?

Trends Plant Sci

January 2025

University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria; University of Applied Sciences Dresden, Pillnitzer Platz 2, 01326 Dresden, Germany. Electronic address:

Recent research indicates an involvement of microautophagy in the uptake of seed storage proteins (SSPs) into the plant-specific protein storage vacuole (PSV), particularly in cereal grains. However, because microautophagy plays a vital role in cellular homeostasis by degrading and recycling cellular components, we question whether it is a suitable term for a process involved in long-term storage. Additionally, because fission-type microautophagy shares mechanistic similarities with the intraluminal vesicle (ILV) formation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs), we draw parallels between microautophagy and membrane remodeling facilitated by the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT).

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Metacognition in the listening brain.

Trends Neurosci

January 2025

Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany. Electronic address:

How do you know you have heard right? Metacognition, the ability to assess and monitor one's own cognitive state, is key to understanding human communication in complex environments. However, the foundational role of metacognition in hearing and communication is only beginning to be explored, and the neuroscience behind it is an emerging field: how does confidence express in neural dynamics of the listening brain? What is known about auditory metaperceptual alterations as a hallmark phenomenon in psychosis, dementia, or hearing loss? Building on Bayesian ideas of auditory perception and auditory neuroscience, 'meta-listening' offers a framework for more comprehensive research into how metacognition in humans and non-humans shapes the listening brain.

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