Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma revisited: current management strategies and future perspectives.

Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is a rare lymphoma entity accounting for ≈5% of all Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) cases. As some characteristics of NLPHL resemble B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), nodular lymphocyte-predominant B-cell lymphoma has been proposed as alternative name. Unlike classical HL (cHL), NLPHL is mostly diagnosed in early stages.

Persistence and/or Senescence: Not So Lasting at Last?

Therapy-exposed surviving cancer cells may have encountered profound epigenetic remodeling that renders these drug-tolerant persisters candidate drivers of particularly aggressive relapses. Typically presenting as slow-to-nongrowing cells, persisters are senescent or senescence-like cells. In this issue of Cancer Research, Ramponi and colleagues study mTOR/PI3K inhibitor-induced embryonic diapause-like arrest (DLA) as a model of persistence in lung cancer and melanoma cells and compare this persister condition with therapy-induced senescence in the same cells.

Electrosynthesis of mussel-inspired adhesive polymers as a novel class of transient enzyme stabilizers.

Multifunctional ortho-quinones are required for the formation of thiol-catechol-connectivities (TCC) but can be delicate to handle. We present the electrochemical oxidation of the dipeptide DiDOPA, achieving up to 92% conversion efficiency of the catechols to ortho-quinones. Graphite and stainless steel could be employed as cost-efficient electrodes.

Uncertainty reduction as an alternative explanation of historical myths.

We agree with Sijilmassi et al. that historical myths are a tool for coalition recruitment. We argue, however, that a close fit between an evolved entity and an identified function does not imply that the latter is the critical evolutionary trigger.

Why some coalitions benefit from historical myths more than others.

Behavioural ecologies in themselves can create variation in fitness interdependencies among individuals, and hence modulate the functionality of invoking historical myths. We develop this possibility for the case where coalitions form to attack and exploit enemies, or to defend and protect against hostile out-groups. We propose that invoking historical myths are functional and observed especially when groups aggressively expand.

Streamlining Global Germplasm Exchange: Integrating Scientific Rigor and Common Sense to Exclude Phantom Agents from Regulation.

This collaborative work by over 180 researchers from 40+ countries addresses the challenges posed by "phantom agents"-putative pathogenic agents named in literature without supporting data on their existence. Those agents remain on regulatory lists, creating barriers in trade and plant certification. Historically identified based solely on symptoms, these agents lack isolates or sequence data, making reliable detection or risk assessment impossible.

Interfacial Engineering of Pillared Co(II) Metal-Organic Framework@NiMn-Layered Double Hydroxide Nanocomposite for Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysis.

Clean energy conversion and storage require simple, economical, and effective electrode materials to achieve promising results. The development of high-performance electrocatalysts with adequate stability and cost-effectiveness is essential to ensure low overpotentials toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, a cobalt-based metal-organic framework with 4,4,4-6T14 topology in combination with various ratios of NiMn-layered double hydroxide (Co-MOF@%NiMn-LDH, = 5, 10, 20, and 40%) is applied as an effective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of water.

The Effect of Compulsory Schooling on Vaccination Against COVID.

We study the effect of education on vaccination against COVID in Germany in a sample of individuals above the age of 60. In ordinary least squares regressions, we find that, in this age group, one more year of education goes along with a 0.7 percentage point increase in the likelihood to get a COVID vaccination.

Comparative evaluation of intraoral scanners and a spectrophotometer for percent correct shade identification in clinical dentistry.

Objectives: The study aimed to assess the percent correct shade identification of four intraoral scanners (IOS) and a spectrophotometer, focusing on how reliably each device selects the correct tooth shade compared to a visual observer's selection. The research question addresses how much clinicians can trust the device-selected shade without visual verification.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen participants with natural, unrestored teeth were included.

Modelling the relationship between industrial air pollution and perceived health effects of households in the three most air-polluted cities of Pakistan.

Industrialization contributes to economic growth; however, its negative impacts cannot be overlooked. The emission of toxic pollutants into the atmosphere by industries poses a serious threat to both environmental and human health. We conducted a field study in the top three most polluted cities of Pakistan to quantify the impacts of industrial air pollution on the perceived health effects of households.

Sub-2W tunable laser based on silicon photonics power amplifier.

High-power tunable lasers are intensely pursued due to their vast application potential such as in telecom, ranging, and molecular sensing. Integrated photonics, however, is usually considered not suitable for high-power applications mainly due to its small size which limits the energy storage capacity and, therefore, the output power. In the late 90s, to improve the beam quality and increase the stored energy, large-mode-area (LMA) fibers were introduced in which the optical mode area is substantially large.

Trends and cost structure of drug-based secondary prevention of ischemic strokes.

Background: Advances in secondary stroke prevention, including direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), dual antiplatelet therapies (DAPT), and cardiovascular risk management, have changed costs over the past decade. This study aimed to evaluate annual treatment costs and trends in drug-based secondary prophylaxis after ischemic strokes.

Methods: Annual treatment costs were evaluated using the net costs per defined daily dosage (DDD) of discharge medications for ischemic stroke patients treated in 2020 at the University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany.

JHU-2545 preferentially shields salivary glands and kidneys during PSMA-targeted imaging.

Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radioligand therapy is a promising treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Several beta or alpha particle-emitting radionuclide-conjugated small molecules have shown efficacy in late-stage mCRPC and one, [[177Lu]Lu]Lu-PSMA-617, is FDA approved. In addition to tumor upregulation, PSMA is also expressed in kidneys and salivary glands where specific uptake can cause dose-limiting xerostomia and potential for nephrotoxicity.

GaAs nano-ridge laser diodes fully fabricated in a 300-mm CMOS pilot line.

Silicon photonics is a rapidly developing technology that promises to revolutionize the way we communicate, compute and sense the world. However, the lack of highly scalable, native complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-integrated light sources is one of the main factors hampering its widespread adoption. Despite considerable progress in hybrid and heterogeneous integration of III-V light sources on silicon, monolithic integration by direct epitaxy of III-V materials remains the pinnacle of cost-effective on-chip light sources.

Formation of individual stripes in a mixed-dimensional cold-atom Fermi-Hubbard system.

The relation between d-wave superconductivity and stripes is fundamental to the understanding of ordered phases in high-temperature cuprate superconductors. These phases can be strongly influenced by anisotropic couplings, leading to higher critical temperatures, as emphasized by the recent discovery of superconductivity in nickelates. Quantum simulators with ultracold atoms provide a versatile platform to engineer such couplings and to observe emergent structures in real space with single-particle resolution.

Aspartate signalling drives lung metastasis via alternative translation.

Lung metastases occur in up to 54% of patients with metastatic tumours. Contributing factors to this high frequency include the physical properties of the pulmonary system and a less oxidative environment that may favour the survival of cancer cells. Moreover, secreted factors from primary tumours alter immune cells and the extracellular matrix of the lung, creating a permissive pre-metastatic environment primed for the arriving cancer cells.

Progressive Pre-Eruptive Coronal Resorption Associated With Enamel Degeneration: A Case Series.

The purpose of this article is to present three cases of a rare phenomenon called pre-eruptive coronal resorption (PCR), which occurs in teeth with enamel degeneration. In the first case, the enamel defects occurred due to ectodermal dysplasia, which represents the first documented case of a patient with ectodermal dysplasia who underwent PCR. In the other two cases, the enamel defects occurred due to amelogenesis imperfecta.

The spleen in ischaemic heart disease.

Ischaemic heart disease is a consequence of coronary atherosclerosis, and atherosclerosis is a systemic inflammatory disease. The spleen releases various immune cells in temporally distinct patterns. Neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, B cells and T cells execute innate and adaptive immune processes in the coronary atherosclerotic plaque and in the ischaemic myocardium.

Advances in the molecular mechanism of grapevine resistance to fungal diseases.

Grapevine is an important economic fruit tree worldwide, but grape production has been plagued by a vast number of fungal diseases, which affect tree vigor and the quality and yield of berries. To seek remedies for such issues, researchers have always been committed to conventional and biotechnological breeding. In recent years, increasing progress has been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of grape-pathogenic fungi interactions and resistance regulation.

[The potential of telemedicine applications to achieve universal health service coverage using the example of teledermatology].

Background: Telemedicine applications are perceived as having great potential to address regional health service deficits. However, it is unclear to what extent telemedicine can actually contribute to ensuring care in medically underserved regions. The aim of this study is to prospectively identify underserved regions and to investigate the potential of telemedicine applications using teledermatology as an example.

[Integration of physician assistants into primary care: Acceptance and concerns among general practitioners].

Background: Strategies to counteract the impending and in some places already existing shortage of general practitioners (GPs) are being discussed in Germany. One approach could be to establish interprofessional teams in GP practices by integrating physician assistants (PAs).

Question: Can GPs imagine employing a PA in their practice and if so, under what conditions?

Methods: In March/April 2023, about 5,000 GPs in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), who work in a region with a care level of < 100 %, and about 1,000 GPs from Saxony-Anhalt were asked to take part in an online-based survey.

[Live-in care in Germany: A qualitative content analysis of social and political discourses].

Background: In Germany, Eastern European live-in carers are filling a gap in home-based long-term care for older persons. As a care reality fraught with diverse problems, live-in care is an unregulated care format bordering between formal and informal structures and has so far received little attention from health services research. The aim of the qualitative study described here was to analyze the current discourses among stakeholders from care practice, politics, and associations, as well as the arguments contained therein regarding the status quo and future of live-in care.