Microbial diversity and biogeochemical interactions in the seismically active and CO- rich Eger Rift ecosystem.

The Eger Rift subsurface is characterized by frequent seismic activity and consistently high CO concentrations, making it a unique deep biosphere ecosystem and a suitable site to study the interactions between volcanism, tectonics, and microbiological activity. Pulses of geogenic H during earthquakes may provide substrates for methanogenic and chemolithoautotrophic processes, but very little is currently known about the role of subsurface microorganisms and their cellular processes in this type of environment. To assess the impact of geologic activity on microbial life, we analyzed the geological, geochemical, and microbiological composition of rock and sediment samples from a 238 m deep drill core, running across six lithostratigraphic zones.

Evaluation of factors associated with immunoglobulin, protein, fat and lactose concentrations in colostrum of dairy cows from Austria.

Background: Calves rely on the passive transfer with immunoglobulins derived from colostrum. Currently, there is a lack of knowledge on colostrum management practices and colostrum quality on small scale family-owned dairy farms in Austria. The objectives of this study were to describe factors that are associated with immunoglobulin, protein, fat and lactose concentrations in dairy cow colostrum from the federal state of Salzburg.

Life cycle and morphogenetic differentiation in heteromorphic cell types of a cosmopolitan marine microalga.

Gephyrocapsa huxleyi is a prevalent, bloom-forming phytoplankton species in the oceans. It exhibits a complex haplodiplontic life cycle, featuring a diploid-calcified phase, a haploid phase and a third 'decoupled' phase produced during viral infection. Decoupled cells display a haploid-like phenotype, but are diploid.

A pipeline for validation of Serendipita indica effector-like sRNA suggests cross-kingdom communication in the symbiosis with Arabidopsis.

Bidirectional communication between pathogenic microbes and their plant hosts via small (s)RNA-mediated cross-kingdom RNA interference (ckRNAi) is a key element for successful host colonisation. Whether mutualistic fungi of the Serendipitaceae family, known for their extremely broad host range, use sRNAs to colonize plant roots is still under debate. To address this question, we developed a pipeline to validate the accumulation, translocation, and activity of fungal sRNAs in post-transcriptional silencing of Arabidopsis thaliana genes.

Romantic Relationships Matter More to Men than to Women.

Women are often viewed as more romantic than men, and romantic relationships are assumed to be more central to the lives of women than to those of men. Despite the prevalence of these beliefs, some recent research paints a different picture. Using principles and insights based on the interdisciplinary literature on mixed-gender relationships, we advance a set of four propositions relevant to differences between men and women and their romantic relationships.

Terahertz Radiation Driven Nonlinear Transport Phenomena in Two-Dimensional Tellurene.

Nonlinear electron transport induced by polarized terahertz radiation is studied in two-dimensional tellurene at room temperature. A direct current, quadratic in the radiation's electric field, is observed. Contributions sensitive to radiation helicity and polarization orientation as well as polarization independent current are found.

Lost and found: dynamics of relationship and employment status over time in people with affective and psychotic spectrum disorders.

Background: Employment and relationship are crucial for social integration. However, individuals with major psychiatric disorders often face challenges in these domains.

Aims: We investigated employment and relationship status changes among patients across the affective and psychotic spectrum - in comparison with healthy controls, examining whether diagnostic groups or functional levels influence these transitions.

The GrassSyn dataset: Soil organic carbon stocks in Brazilian grassy ecosystems.

Although ecosystem management and restoration are known to enhance carbon storage, limited knowledge of ecosystem-specific soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and processes hinders the development of climate-ready, biodiversity-focused policies. Baseline SOC stocks data for specific ecosystems is essential. This paper aims to: (i) examine SOC stock variability across major grassy ecosystems in Brazil and (ii) discuss data limitations and applications.

How a Dysphonia App Can Promote the Motivation of Speech Therapists and Patients in the Long Term-A Qualitative Study in the LAOLA Project.

Objective: The care of patients with dysphonia will change due to the growing shortage of specialists, demographic change, and digitalization. To counteract the associated problems in patient care, the LAOLA app demonstrator is to be developed. In the future, patients will receive exercise videos for their training from their treating speech and language pathologist (SLP) via LAOLA.

A scoping review of participatory approaches in child maltreatment research across Europe.

Background: Participatory approaches in child maltreatment (CM) research increasingly focus on involving children, youth, and adults as co-researchers. However, little is known about their use in Europe.

Objective: To review the European literature on participatory approaches in CM research.

Do the provisional PRINTO Enthesitis/Spondylitis-Related JIA criteria capture youth with axial spondyloarthritis?

Background: The Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO) recently undertook an effort to better harmonize the pediatric and adult arthritis criteria. These provisional criteria are being refined for optimal performance. We aimed to investigate differences between patients who did and did not fulfill these PRINTO criteria amongst youth diagnosed with juvenile spondyloarthritis (SpA) that met axial juvenile SpA (axJSpA) classification criteria.

Contact Allergy to Methacrylate Containing Nail Products: Lack of Impact of EU Legislation. An Audit on Behalf of the European Environmental Contact Dermatitis Research Group (EECDRG).

Background: There is a current fashion for the use of methacrylate-containing nail cosmetics that can induce allergic contact dermatitis. European Union (EU) legislation was introduced in 2021 that had the aim of preventing its development.

Objectives: To assess prevalence and exposures causing contact allergy to 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) prior to and following implementation of the legislation.

Pathogen-Specific Electrochemical Real-Time LAMP Detection Using Universal Solid-Phase Probes on Carbon Electrodes.

Epidemic infections and spreading antibiotic resistance require diagnostic tests that can be rapidly adopted. To reduce the usually time-consuming adaptation of molecular diagnostic tests to changing targets, we propose the novel approach of a repurposable sensing electrode functionalization with a universal, target-independent oligonucleotide probe. In the liquid phase covering the electrode, the target sequence is amplified by MD LAMP (mediator-displacement loop-mediated isothermal amplification) releasing a generic methylene blue-labeled mediator, which specifically hybridizes to the solid-phase probe.

Heterozygous UBR5 variants result in a neurodevelopmental syndrome with developmental delay, autism, and intellectual disability.

E3 ubiquitin ligases have been linked to developmental diseases including autism, Angelman syndrome (UBE3A), and Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS) (UBR1). Here, we report variants in the E3 ligase UBR5 in 29 individuals presenting with a neurodevelopmental syndrome that includes developmental delay, autism, intellectual disability, epilepsy, movement disorders, and/or genital anomalies. Their phenotype is distinct from JBS due to the absence of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and the presence of autism, epilepsy, and, in some probands, a movement disorder.

Molecular architectures of centrosomes in C. elegans embryos visualized by cryo-electron tomography.

Centrosomes organize microtubules that are essential for mitotic divisions in animal cells. They consist of centrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material (PCM). Questions related to mechanisms of centriole assembly, PCM organization, and spindle microtubule formation remain unanswered, partly due to limited availability of molecular-resolution structural data inside cells.

Evaluating reproduction traits in a crossbreeding program between indigenous and exotic sheep in semi-arid lands.

Reproduction traits are important factors determining the efficiency of any sheep production system. This study evaluates the age at first lambing (AFL), lambing interval (LI), litter weight at birth (LBWT), litter weight at weaning (LWWT), birth weight of ewe (EBWT) and weaning weight of ewes (EWWT) in a crossbreeding program between the Red Maasai (RRRR) and Dorper sheep and their crosses, 75% Dorper and 50% Dorper (DDRR) breeds. All the traits significantly (P < 0.

A multivariate analysis to explain residue errors in pathogen concentration in wastewater-based epidemiology.

With the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), which according to Larsen et al. (2021), describes the science of linking pathogens and chemicals found in wastewater to population-level health, received an enormous boost worldwide. The basic procedure in WBE is to analyse pathogen concentrations and to relate these measurements to cases from clinical data.

Old but not ancient: Rock-leached organic carbon drives groundwater microbiomes.

More than 90% of earth's microbial biomass resides in the continental subsurface, where sedimentary rocks provide the largest source of organic carbon (C). While many studies indicate microbial utilization of fossil C sources, the extent to which rock-organic C is driving microbial activities in aquifers remains largely unknown. Here we incubated oxic and anoxic groundwater with crushed carbonate rocks from the host aquifer and an outcrop rock of the unsaturated zone characterized by higher organic C content, and compared the natural abundance of radiocarbon (C) of available C pools and microbial biomarkers.

The effects of prune products consumption on anthropometric measurements and blood pressure in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

Introduction: The positive impact of prunes on body measurements and blood pressure has been suggested in previous research.

Purpose: The purpose of this extensive meta-analysis and systematic review was to examine the effects of adult consumption of prunes on anthropometric parameters and blood pressure.

Methods: To identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (till August 9th, 2024), databases from ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed/Medline were searched.

Injection artifacts in odorant analysis by gas chromatography.

Odor-active compounds are major quality parameters in food and other consumer products. In the analysis of odorants, gas chromatography (GC) plays a dominant role and is particularly indispensable for odorant screening by GC-olfactometry (GC-O). Whereas artifact formation during workup before GC analysis has been widely discussed, artifact formation during GC injection has not been adequately addressed so far.

An international expert survey on the worldwide digitalization in psychiatry: Global findings from the WPA survey.

Background: The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) Working Group on Digital Psychiatry aims to digitally supplement, support and improve mental health and care literacy, acceptance and accessibility across WPA member countries and National Psychiatric Associations (NPAs). To help with this goal, the present study was set to explore first the global status of digital mental health and care across NPAs METHODS: An international expert survey on the digitalization level across all 145 WPA NPAs was electronically distributed through Qualtrics. Descriptive statistics were carried out on the global dataset.

Stone selection by wild chimpanzees shares patterns with Oldowan hominins.

The use of broad tool repertoires to increase dietary flexibility through extractive foraging behaviors is shared by humans and their closest living relatives (chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes). However, comparisons between tool use in ancient human ancestors (hominins) and chimpanzees are limited by differences in their toolkits. One feature shared by primate and hominin toolkits is rock selection based on physical properties of the stones and the targets of foraging behaviors.