Water, sanitation and hygiene challenges of forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals in Rohingya camps in Bangladesh.

Improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in water-scarce areas is one of the most important barriers to improving the standards of people's life, which is even worse in a locality with forcibly displaced people (e.g., nearly 1 million Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh).

Integrated Genomic Selection for Accelerating Breeding Programs of Climate-Smart Cereals.

Rapidly rising population and climate changes are two critical issues that require immediate action to achieve sustainable development goals. The rising population is posing increased demand for food, thereby pushing for an acceleration in agricultural production. Furthermore, increased anthropogenic activities have resulted in environmental pollution such as water pollution and soil degradation as well as alterations in the composition and concentration of environmental gases.

Long-term evidence of differential resistance and resilience of grassland ecosystems to extreme climate events.

Grassland ecosystems are affected by the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme climate events (e.g., droughts).

Assessment of remote sensing-based indices for drought monitoring in the north-western region of Bangladesh.

Drought is a widespread hazard that can tremendously affect the biodiversity, habitat of wild species, and ecosystem functioning and stability, especially in the dry region. Due to its geographic location, the north-western region of Bangladesh has a comparatively arid climate which is very much susceptible to drought occurrence and is marked as a red zone. Despite the growing evidence of the impact of drought on food security and ecosystem functioning, little effort has been paid to mitigate the drought in this region.

Biodiversity showed positive effects on resistance but mixed effects on resilience to climatic extremes in a long-term grassland experiment.

Understanding the role of biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem functioning and stability under increasing frequency and magnitude of climatic extremes has fascinated ecologists for decades. Although growing evidence suggests that biodiversity affects ecosystem productivity and buffers ecosystem against climatic extremes, it remains unclear whether the stability of an ecosystem is caused by its resistance against disturbances or resilience towards perturbations or both. In attempting to explore how species richness affects resistance and resilience of above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) against climatic extremes, we analyzed the grassland ANPP of the long-running (1997-2020) Bayreuth Biodiversity experiment in Germany.

Temporal changes in hydrochemistry and DOM characteristics of the Brahmaputra River: implication to the seasonality of water quality.

Fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) in the Brahmaputra River water was characterized using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (EEM) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) model. EEM and PARAFAC model identified five fluorophores (Peak A, C, M, T, Tuv) and four fDOM components (two humic-, tryptophan-, and tyrosine-like) in the Brahmaputra River water. DOC varied between 0.

Source apportionment, ecological, and human health risks of toxic metals in road dust of densely populated capital and connected major highway of Bangladesh.

This study investigates pollution levels, source apportionment, ecological, and human health risks associated with toxic metals (Pb, As, Hg, Cr, and Cd) in road dust from the most populated Dhaka city and a connected major highway in Bangladesh. The mean concentration of Pb, Hg, and Cd were 1.3, 29.

Response of grassland net primary productivity to dry and wet climatic events in four grassland types in Inner Mongolia.

Increasing frequency and intensity of climate extremes have profound impacts on grassland biodiversity functioning and stability. Using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) net primary productivity (NPP) data and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, we assessed the response of NPP to growing-season and annual climate extremes and time-lag of climatic conditions across four grassland types (meadow steppe, typical steppe, steppe desert, and desert steppe) in Inner Mongolia, China from the period 2000 to 2019. Results showed that annual NPP varied significantly across four grassland types, with the highest NPP in meadow steppe and the lowest in desert steppe.

Disentangling the effects of climatic variability and climate extremes on the belowground biomass of C- and C-dominated grasslands across five ecoregions.

Elucidating the variation in grassland belowground biomass (BGB) and its response to changes in climatic variables are key issues in plant ecology research. In this study, BGB data for five ecoregions (cold steppe, temperate dry steppe, savanna, humid savanna, and humid temperate) were used to examine the effects of climatic variability and extremes on the BGB of C- and C-dominated grasslands. Results showed that BGB varied significantly across the ecoregions, with the highest levels in cold steppe and the lowest in savanna.