Using statutory health insurance data to evaluate non-response in a cross-sectional study on depression among patients with diabetes in Germany.

Background: Low response rates do not indicate poor representativeness of study populations if non-response occurs completely at random. A non-response analysis can help to investigate whether non-response is a potential source for bias within a study.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey among a random sample of a health insurance population with diabetes (n = 3642, 58.

Factors associated with habitual time spent in different physical activity intensities using multiday accelerometry.

To investigate factors associated with time in physical activity intensities, we assessed physical activity of 249 men and women (mean age 51.3 years) by 7-day 24h-accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X+). Triaxial vector magnitude counts/minute were extracted to determine time in inactivity, in low-intensity, moderate, and vigorous-to-very-vigorous activity.

Family and household structure are associated with acute type 1 diabetes complications: results of cross-sectional analyses.

Aim: To examine the association of family/household structure with short-term diabetes complications in adolescents and emerging adults with early-onset type 1 diabetes in more detail.

Methods: Data on 1690 11-21-year-olds with type 1 diabetes were used to estimate associations of family/household structure with self-reported severe hypoglycaemia, hospitalizations for severe hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis, applying multiple negative binomial regression.

Results: Compared with living with both biological parents living with a single mother was associated with an increased rate of hospitalizations for ketoacidosis (incidence rate ratio 1.

Association between regional deprivation and type 2 diabetes incidence in Germany.

Objective: The aim of this analysis was to estimate the association between regional deprivation and type 2 diabetes incidence and to investigate differences by age and sex for Germany.

Research Design And Methods: Type 2 diabetes incidence rate ratios comparing the most deprived fifth of the population to the remainder of the population (divided into quintiles) were estimated using the illness-death model, which describes the relationship between prevalence, mortality, and incidence. For the analysis, we used the type 2 diabetes prevalence and the general mortality rate according to deprivation quintiles, which we calculated based on valid estimates for Germany.

Requirement of β1 integrin for endothelium-dependent vasodilation and collateral formation in hindlimb ischemia.

An acute increase in blood flow triggers flow-mediated dilation (FMD), which is mainly mediated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). A long-term increase in blood flow chronically enlarges the arterial lumen, a process called arteriogenesis. In several common human diseases, these processes are disrupted for as yet unknown reasons.

Differential effects of D-cycloserine and amantadine on motor behavior and D receptor binding in the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic system of the adult rat.

D-cycloserine (DCS) and amantadine (AMA) act as partial NMDA receptor (R) agonist and antagonist, respectively. In the present study, we compared the effects of DCS and AMA on dopamine DR binding in the brain of adult rats in relation to motor behavior. DR binding was determined with small animal SPECT in baseline and after challenge with DCS (20 mg/kg) or AMA (40 mg/kg) with [I]IBZM as radioligand.

Glucose and insulin levels are associated with arterial stiffness and concentric remodeling of the heart.

Background: Mortality attributable to heart failure remains high. The prevalence of heart failure in patients with diabetes mellitus ranges from 19 to 26%. It is estimated that up to 21.

Trends in surgical treatment for breast cancer in Germany after the implementation of the mammography screening program.

In Germany, the nationwide population-based mammography screening program (MSP) was introduced in 2005 and is full-running since 2010. By 2014, incidence rates for invasive breast cancer were very similar to those of the pre-screening era. Therefore, the ongoing effect of the MSP on breast cancer surgery rates can now be investigated.

Increased Glycolysis and Higher Lactate Production in Hyperglycemic Myotubes.

Previous studies have shown that chronic hyperglycemia impairs glucose and fatty acid oxidation in cultured human myotubes. To further study the hyperglycemia-induced suppression of oxidation, lactate oxidation, mitochondrial function and glycolytic rate were evaluated. Further, we examined the intracellular content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), production of lactate and conducted pathway-ANOVA analysis on microarray data.

Mental health specialist video consultations for patients with depression or anxiety disorders in primary care: protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial.

Introduction: Most people suffering from depression and anxiety disorders are entirely treated in primary care. Due to growing challenges in ageing societies, for example, patients' immobility and multimorbidity, the transition to specialised care becomes increasingly difficult. Although the co-location of general practitioners and mental health specialists improves the access to psychosocial care, integrated in-person approaches are not practical for rural and single-doctor practices with limited personnel and financial resources.

The adipokine sFRP4 induces insulin resistance and lipogenesis in the liver.

Secreted frizzled-related protein (sFRP) 4 is an adipokine with increased expression in white adipose tissue from obese subjects with type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Yet, it is unknown whether sFRP4 action contributes to the development of these pathologies. Here, we determined whether sFRP4 expression in visceral fat associates with NAFLD and whether it directly interferes with insulin action and lipid and glucose metabolism in primary hepatocytes and myotubes.

Correction to: Information needs in people with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review.

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors opted to revise Table 1. Below is the updated version of the table.

Secondary data in diabetes surveillance - co-operation projects and definition of references on the documented prevalence of diabetes.

In addition to the Robert Koch Institute's health surveys, analyses of secondary data are essential to successfully developing a regular and comprehensive description of the progression of diabetes as part of the Robert Koch Institute's diabetes surveillance. Mainly, this is due to the large sample size and the fact that secondary data are routinely collected, which allows for highly stratified analyses in short time intervals. The fragmented availability of data means that various sources of secondary data are required in order to provide data for the indicators in the four fields of action for diabetes surveillance.

Diabetes care in pediatric refugees from Africa or Middle East: experiences from Germany and Austria based on real-world data from the DPV registry.

Objective: With increasing migration to Europe, diabetes diagnosis and treatment of refugees became challenging. To describe the current experience with pediatric refugees in Germany and Austria.

Design And Methods: 43,137 patients (<21 years) with type 1 diabetes from the diabetes patient follow-up registry (DPV) were studied and divided by refugee status into patients born in Middle East (n = 365) or Africa (n = 175) and native patients (child and parents born in Germany/Austria; G/A: n = 42,597).

Intestinal insulin/IGF1 signalling through FoxO1 regulates epithelial integrity and susceptibility to colon cancer.

Obesity promotes the development of insulin resistance and increases the incidence of colitis-associated cancer (CAC), but whether a blunted insulin action specifically in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) affects CAC is unknown. Here, we show that obesity impairs insulin sensitivity in IECs and that mice with IEC-specific inactivation of the insulin and IGF1 receptors exhibit enhanced CAC development as a consequence of impaired restoration of gut barrier function. Blunted insulin signalling retains the transcription factor FOXO1 in the nucleus to inhibit expression of Dsc3, thereby impairing desmosome formation and epithelial integrity.

Food Groups and Risk of Overweight, Obesity, and Weight Gain: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.

This meta-analysis summarizes the evidence of a prospective association between the intake of foods [whole grains, refined grains, vegetables, fruit, nuts, legumes, eggs, dairy, fish, red meat, processed meat, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs)] and risk of general overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, and weight gain. PubMed and Web of Science were searched for prospective observational studies until August 2018. Summary RRs and 95% CIs were estimated from 43 reports for the highest compared with the lowest intake categories, as well as for linear and nonlinear relations focusing on each outcome separately: overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, and weight gain.

Herpes zoster incidence in Germany - an indirect validation study for self-reported disease data from pretest studies of the population-based German National Cohort.

Background: Until now, herpes zoster (HZ)-related disease burden in Germany has been estimated based on health insurance data and clinical findings. However, the validity of self-reported HZ is unclear. This study investigated the validity of self-reported herpes zoster (HZ) and its complication postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) using data from the pretest studies of the German National Cohort (GNC) in comparison with estimates based on health insurance data.

Insulin action in the brain regulates mitochondrial stress responses and reduces diet-induced weight gain.

Objective: Insulin action in the brain controls metabolism and brain function, which is linked to proper mitochondrial function. Conversely, brain insulin resistance associates with mitochondrial stress and metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we aimed to decipher the impact of hypothalamic insulin action on mitochondrial stress responses, function and metabolism.

Projected number of people with diagnosed Type 2 diabetes in Germany in 2040.

Aims: To project the number of people with Type 2 diabetes in Germany between 2015 and 2040.

Methods: Based on data from 65 million insurees of the German statutory health insurance, we projected the age-specific prevalence of diabetes using mathematical relations between prevalence, incidence rate and mortality. We compared several scenarios regarding temporal trends in the incidence and mortality rate.

Amantadine enhances nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopamine function in the rat brain in relation to motor and exploratory activity.

Purpose: The present study assessed the influence of the NMDA receptor (R) antagonist amantadine (AMA) on cerebral dopamine DR binding in relation to motor and exploratory activity in the rat.

Methods: DR binding was determined in anaesthetized animals with small animal SPECT in baseline and after challenge with AMA (10 or 40 mg/kg) using [I]IBZM as radioligand. Immediately post-challenge and prior to radioligand administration, motor/exploratory behaviors were assessed for 30 min in an open field.

Identification of ILK as a critical regulator of VEGFR3 signalling and lymphatic vascular growth.

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR3) signalling promotes lymphangiogenesis. While there are many reported mechanisms of VEGFR3 activation, there is little understanding of how VEGFR3 signalling is attenuated to prevent lymphatic vascular overgrowth and ensure proper lymph vessel development. Here, we show that endothelial cell-specific depletion of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in mouse embryos hyper-activates VEGFR3 signalling and leads to overgrowth of the jugular lymph sacs/primordial thoracic ducts, oedema and embryonic lethality.

Regional differences of macrovascular disease in Northeast and South Germany: the population-based SHIP-TREND and KORA-F4 studies.

Background: Previous studies found regional differences in the prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes between Northeast and South of Germany. The aim of this study was to investigate if regional variations are also present for macrovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes and in the general population. A further aim was to investigate if traditional risk factors of macrovascular complications can explain these regional variations.

Quantified patient preferences for lifestyle intervention programs for diabetes prevention-a protocol for a systematic review.

Background: The 20-70% participation of diabetes patients in lifestyle interventions (LSI) worldwide seems to be rather sub-optimal, in spite of all intents of such interventions to delay further progress of the disease. Positive effects through LSI are expected in particular for patients who suffer less from diabetes-related limitations or other chronic diseases. Seeing that diabetes prevalence and with it mortality are increasing, LSI have become an inherent part of diabetes treatment standards.