Characterization of diabetes following pancreatic surgery in patients with congenital hyperinsulinism.

Background: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is the most common cause of persistent hypoglycaemia in infancy that leads to unfavourable neurological outcome if not treated adequately. In patients with severe diffuse CHI it remains under discussion whether pancreatic surgery should be performed or intensive medical treatment with the acceptance of recurrent episodes of mild hypoglycaemia is justified. Near-total pancreatectomy is associated with high rates of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.

Limitations of Specific Coagulation Tests for Direct Oral Anticoagulants: A Critical Analysis.

Background During treatment with direct oral anticoagulants ( DOAC ), coagulation assessment is required before thrombolysis, surgery, and if anticoagulation reversal is evaluated. Limited data support the accuracy of DOAC -specific coagulation assays around the current safe-for-treatment threshold of 30 ng/ mL . Methods and Results In 481 samples obtained from 96 patients enrolled at a single center, DOAC concentrations were measured using Hemoclot direct thrombin inhibitor assay, Biophen direct thrombin inhibitor assay or ecarin clotting time for dabigatran, chromogenic anti-Xa assay ( AXA ) for factor Xa inhibitors (rivaroxaban, apixaban) and ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry as reference.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: causes, diagnosis, cardiometabolic consequences, and treatment strategies.

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide. In some patients with NAFLD, isolated steatosis can progress to advanced stages with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis, increasing the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, NAFLD is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of common disorders such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Risk factors for decline in renal function among young adults with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: To investigate risk factors for declining renal function among subjects with type-1-diabetes.

Methods: Observational study based on data from the diabetes registry DPV. 4424 type-1-diabetes subjects aged ≥18 years, age at onset <18 years were identified.

Excess mortality for people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in 2012 - Estimates based on claims data from 70 million Germans.

Background And Aims: The hazard ratio (HR) is a meaningful concept for comparing the mortality of people with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). Nevertheless, there is only one German study estimating age-specific HRs. Thus, this study aimed to provide population-wide age-specific HRs for Germany using a novel method based on aggregated population data.

Reference values of vessel diameters, stenosis prevalence, and arterial variations of the lower limb arteries in a male population sample using contrast-enhanced MR angiography.

Introduction: Morphological characterization of leg arteries is of significant importance to detect vascular remodeling triggered by atherosclerotic changes. We determined reference values of vessel diameters and assessed prevalence of stenosis and arterial variations of the lower limb arteries in a healthy male population sample.

Methods: Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography at 1.

Association of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Vitamin D with Depression and Obesity: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Depression and obesity are widespread and closely linked. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vitamin D are both assumed to be associated with depression and obesity. Little is known about the interplay between vitamin D and BDNF.

Meal-derived glucagon responses are related to lower hepatic phosphate concentrations in obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Aim: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) alters glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and hepatic energy metabolism, yet the possible relationships remain unclear.

Methods: In this observational study, lean insulin-sensitive control subjects (BMI: 23.2±1.

Association between abdominal adiposity and subclinical measures of left-ventricular remodeling in diabetics, prediabetics and normal controls without history of cardiovascular disease as measured by magnetic resonance imaging: results from the KORA-FF4 Study.

Objectives: Local, abdominal fat depots may be related to alterations in cardiac function and morphology due to a metabolic linkage. Thus, we aimed to determine their association with subtle cardiac changes and the potential interaction with hyperglycemic metabolic states.

Methods: Subjects from the general population and without history of cardiovascular disease were drawn from the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg FF4 cohort and underwent 3 T cardiac and body MRI.

Characteristics of high- and low-risk individuals in the PRIORITY study: urinary proteomics and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism for prevention of diabetic nephropathy in Type 2 diabetes.

Aim: To compare clinical baseline data in individuals with Type 2 diabetes and normoalbuminuria, who are at high or low risk of diabetic kidney disease based on the urinary proteomics classifier CKD273.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled international multicentre clinical trial and observational study in participants with Type 2 diabetes and normoalbuminuria, stratified into high- or low-risk groups based on CKD273 score. Clinical baseline data for the whole cohort and stratified by risk groups are reported.

Ceramide Remodeling and Risk of Cardiovascular Events and Mortality.

Background: Recent studies suggest that circulating concentrations of specific ceramide species may be associated with coronary risk and mortality. We sought to determine the relations between the most abundant plasma ceramide species of differing acyl chain lengths and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality in community-based samples.

Methods And Results: We developed a liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry assay to quantify plasma C24:0, C22:0, and C16:0 ceramides and ratios of these very-long-chain/long-chain ceramides in 2642 FHS (Framingham Heart Study) participants and in 3134 SHIP (Study of Health in Pomerania) participants.

Psychosocial working conditions and diabetes self-management at work: A qualitative study.

Aims: We conducted a qualitative study to expand our current understanding of the potential link between psychosocial working conditions and diabetes self-management at work.

Methods: Thirty employed adults with diabetes mellitus living in Germany (n = 19 with type 1, n = 11 with type 2, 57% female, aged 24-64 years) were recruited. Using a topic guide, we carried out in-depth interviews in face-to-face contact or by telephone.

Metabolic control of type 1 diabetes in youth with autism spectrum disorder: A multicenter Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation analysis based on 61 749 patients up to 20 years of age.

Background: A paucity of reports in the literature exists concerning the co-existence between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Objective: To compare clinical characteristics, diabetes management and metabolic control in youth with T1D and ASD (T1D-ASD) with youth without ASD (T1D-non ASD).

Methods: Using the German/Austrian diabetes patient follow-up registry, this study analyzed aggregated data from the last available year of observation for each patient with T1D, ages 1-20 with consistent data on insulin regimen and glycated hemoglobin (A1C), between January, 2005 and March, 2017.

Prevalence of renal cysts and association with risk factors in a general population: an MRI-based study.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence and size of renal cysts and to analyze associated risk factors in a general population using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Data of 2063 participants (1052 women) of the Study of Health in Pomerania who underwent whole-body MRI were included. Renal cyst prevalence was calculated separately for men and women and for 10-year age groups.

Comprehensive Metabolic Profiling Reveals a Lipid-Rich Fingerprint of Free Thyroxine Far Beyond Classic Parameters.

Objective: Thyroid hormones are ubiquitously involved in human metabolism. However, the precise molecular patterns associated with alterations in thyroid hormones levels remain to be explored in detail. A number of recent studies took great advantage of metabolomics profiling to outline the metabolic actions of thyroid hormones in humans.

Safety of intranasal human insulin: A review.

Aims: To conduct a review in order to assess the safety of intranasal human insulin in clinical studies as well as the temporal stability of nasal insulin sprays.

Material And Methods: An electronic search was performed using MEDLINE. We selected original research on intranasal human insulin without further additives in humans.

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Procalcitonin Sandwich Immunoassay.

Procalcitonin (PCT) is well established as a highly specific biomarker for the detection of bacterial infections and sepsis. However, the currently available diagnostic tests are not able to detect very low or very early increases of PCT or even baseline levels in healthy individuals or patients with non-bacterial infections. In order to be able to detect these very low concentrations of PCT, a sandwich immunoassay was developed using high sensitivity Single Molecule Array technology (Simoa).

Prevalence and correlates of depressive disorders in people with Type 2 diabetes: results from the International Prevalence and Treatment of Diabetes and Depression (INTERPRET-DD) study, a collaborative study carried out in 14 countries.

Aims: To assess the prevalence and management of depressive disorders in people with Type 2 diabetes in different countries.

Methods: People with diabetes aged 18-65 years and treated in outpatient settings were recruited in 14 countries and underwent a psychiatric interview. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire and the Problem Areas in Diabetes scale.

Impact of long-term air pollution exposure on metabolic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: results from the DPV registry.

Aims/hypothesis: Studies on the association between air pollution and metabolic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes are rare and findings are inconsistent. We examined the relationship between air pollution variables (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm [PM], NO and accumulated ozone exposure [O-AOT]) and metabolic variables (HbA and daily insulin dose [U/kg body weight]) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: We investigated 37,372 individuals with type 1 diabetes aged <21 years, documented between 2009 and 2014 in 344 German centres of the prospective diabetes follow-up registry (Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation [DPV]).

Pharmacokinetics of metformin in patients with gastrointestinal intolerance.

Aims: To assess potential causes of metformin intolerance, including altered metformin uptake from the intestine, increased anaerobic glucose utilization and subsequent lactate production, altered serotonin uptake, and altered bile acid pool.

Methods: For this pharmacokinetic study, we recruited 10 severely intolerant and 10 tolerant individuals, matched for age, sex and body mass index. A single 500-mg dose of metformin was administered, with blood sampling at 12 time points over 24 hours.

Subclinical changes in MRI-determined right ventricular volumes and function in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess subclinical changes in right ventricular volumes and function in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes and controls without a history of cardiovascular disease.

Methods: Data from 400 participants in the KORA FF4 study without self-reported cardiovascular disease who underwent 3-T whole-body MRI were obtained. The right ventricle was evaluated using the short axis and a four-chamber view.