Is Thalamic Lesion a Contributing Factor for Inappropriate Sexual Behavior in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment?

Thalamus is a group of nuclei located deep inside the brain, well known for its sensory and cognitive functions. However, its role in the reward and behavior regulation is less explored. In this case series, we have presented four cases with inappropriate sexual behaviors (ISB) that are temporally related to thalamic infarction.

Resectability, conversion, metastasectomy and outcome according to RAS and BRAF status for metastatic colorectal cancer in the prospective RAXO study.

Background: Outcomes after metastasectomy for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) vary with RAS and BRAF mutational status, but their effects on resectability and conversion rates have not been extensively studied.

Methods: This substudy of the prospective RAXO trial included 906 patients recruited between 2011 and 2018. We evaluated repeated centralised resectability assessment, conversion/resection rates and overall survival (OS), according to RAS and BRAF status.

Video consultations from an Indian academic hospital: First 3 years of experience from telepsychiatric after-care clinic.

Background Continuity of care for psychiatric disorders by conventional in-person consultation by psychiatrists is associated with several challenges. There is a need to develop alternative models of specialist care. We studied our 3 years' experience of live video consultations (VCs) from the tele after-care clinic to patients with psychiatric disorders at an Indian academic hospital.

Reward System Dysfunction and the Motoric-Cognitive Risk Syndrome in Older Persons.

During aging, many physiological systems spontaneously change independent of the presence of chronic diseases. The reward system is not an exception and its dysfunction generally includes a reduction in dopamine and glutamate activities and the loss of neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). These impairments are even more pronounced in older persons who have neurodegenerative diseases and/or are affected by cognitive and motoric frailty.

Dietary fat intake and quality in long-term care residents in two cohorts assessed 10 years apart.

Purpose: To describe and compare detailed dietary fat intake, fat quality and associative factors between two measuring points 10 years apart of residents living in long-term care facilities, and to reflect how fat composition and fat quality corresponds to current nutrition recommendations.

Methods: In 2007 long-term care residents (n = 374) of 25 assisted-living facilities and nursing homes and in 2017-18 long-term care residents (n = 486) of 17 respective facilities in Helsinki metropolitan area were recruited for this study. Information on the residents' heights, demographic information and use of calcium and vitamin D supplementation were retrieved from medical records.

-G12C Mutation in One Real-Life and Three Population-Based Nordic Cohorts of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Background: mutations, present in over 40% of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), are negative predictive factors for anti-EGFR therapy. Mutations in G12C have a cysteine residue for which drugs have been developed. Published data on this specific mutation are conflicting; thus, we studied the frequency and clinical characteristics in a real-world and population-based setting.

Relationship between frailty, nutrition, body composition, quality of life, and gender in institutionalized older people.

Our aim was to explore the relationship between frailty, nutrition, body composition, and how gender modifies this relationship among long-term care facility residents. We further investigated how body composition correlates with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in both genders. In all, 549 residents (> 65 years of age) were recruited from 17 long-term care facilities for this cross-sectional study.

Gait characteristics in community-dwelling older persons with low skeletal muscle mass and low physical performance.

Background: Demographic changes in the western world entail new clinical approaches and challenges in older persons. Low skeletal muscle mass and low physical performance in older persons are both predisposing conditions for disability and obtaining knowledge in this cohort is essential.

Aim: The primary aim of the study was to analyze a broader spectrum of gait characteristics within this specific population and differentiate them across different test conditions.

Impact of respirator versus surgical masks on SARS-CoV-2 acquisition in healthcare workers: a prospective multicentre cohort.

Background: There is insufficient evidence regarding the role of respirators in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We analysed the impact of filtering facepiece class 2 (FFP2) versus surgical masks on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 acquisition among Swiss healthcare workers (HCW).

Methods: Our prospective multicentre cohort enrolled HCW from June to August 2020.

Symptoms Compatible With Long Coronavirus Disease (COVID) in Healthcare Workers With and Without Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection-Results of a Prospective Multicenter Cohort.

Background: The burden of long-term symptoms (ie, long COVID) in patients after mild COVID-19 is debated. Within a cohort of healthcare workers (HCWs), frequency and risk factors for symptoms compatible with long COVID are assessed.

Methods: Participants answered baseline (August/September 2020) and weekly questionnaires on SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) results and acute disease symptoms.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on safety and effectiveness of oral anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation in older people.

A meta-analysis of prospective, randomized controlled trials on novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) versus warfarin, as most commonly used vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), was done to evaluate their effect on stroke risk and bleeding complications in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. The study aims to evaluate efficacy and safety of NOACs versus warfarin between patients < 75 years and ≥ 75 years old. Prospective, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing NOACs with warfarin with at least 1-year follow-up in nonvalvular AF patients were included.

Intensive care of geriatric patients-a thin line between under- and overtreatment.

Demographic developments are leading to an ever-increasing proportion of elderly and aged patients in hospitals at all levels of care, and even more patients from these age groups are to be expected in the future. Based on the projected population development, e.g.

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of Dignity Therapy in Patients With Early Stage Dementia and Their Family. A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Dementia is the major cause for disability and dependence in older people and associated with considerable psychological burden. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of Dignity Therapy, a brief psychotherapeutic intervention to enhance dignity and reduce psychological burden, in patients with early stage dementia and in their families or close friends. In this randomized, waitinglist-controlled clinical trial a total of 54 patients with new diagnosis of early stage dementia and 54 study partners (spouses: = 37; relatives: = 14; close friends: = 3) were randomly assigned to immediate treatment ( = 28) or delayed treatment ( = 26) after 3 months waiting.

γ-Secretase modulators show selectivity for γ-secretase-mediated amyloid precursor protein intramembrane processing.

The aggregation of β-amyloid peptide 42 results in the formation of toxic oligomers and plaques, which plays a pivotal role in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Aβ42 is one of several Aβ peptides, all of Aβ30 to Aβ43 that are produced as a result of γ-secretase-mediated regulated intramembrane proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein. γ-Secretase modulators (GSMs) represent a promising class of Aβ42-lowering anti-amyloidogenic compounds for the treatment of AD.

Cognitive and Behavior Deficits in Parkinson's Disease with Alteration of FDG-PET Irrespective of Age.

Significant progress has been made in our understanding of the neurobiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Post-mortem studies are an important step and could help to comprehend not only the progression of motor symptoms, but also the involvement of other clinical domains, including cognition, behavior and impulse control disorders (ICDs). The correlation of neuropathological extension of the disease with the clinical stages remains challenging.

Companionship and Sexual Issues in the Aging Population.

Loneliness and social isolation are significant public health crises in older adults. The issues about companionship have many psychosocial and cultural dimensions, which is further compounded by the current COVID-19 pandemic. In modern-day India, there is a significant increase in the number of older adults left to live alone because of sociocultural changes in our society.

Public Health Perspectives of Geriatric Mental Health Care.

Background: In older adults (aged 60 years and above), mental health problems are gaining public health importance because of the increasing prevalence, disease burden, disability, morbidity, and mortality. Epidemiological studies on major mental health disorders such as depression and dementia in older adults have contributed to a better understanding of the distribution and determinants of these conditions. Identifying potential risk factors has stimulated interventional research on preventing these conditions under the public health framework towards their management.

Impact of baseline SARS-CoV-2 antibody status on syndromic surveillance and the risk of subsequent COVID-19-a prospective multicenter cohort study.

Background: In a prospective healthcare worker (HCW) cohort, we assessed the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection according to baseline serostatus.

Methods: Baseline serologies were performed among HCW from 23 Swiss healthcare institutions between June and September 2020, before the second COVID-19 wave. Participants answered weekly electronic questionnaires covering information about nasopharyngeal swabs (PCR/rapid antigen tests) and symptoms compatible with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Potential Role of Probiotics for Inflammaging: A Narrative Review.

Background And Aims: Inflammaging, a chronic, low-grade inflammation (LGI), is one of the mechanisms of adaptation of an organism to aging. Alterations in the composition of gut microbiota and gut permeability are among the main sources of LGI. They may be modulated by supplementation with live microorganisms, i.

iPS Cell-Based Model for Haplotype as a Risk Factor for Human Tauopathies Identifies No Major Differences in TAU Expression.

The H1 haplotype of the microtubule-associated protein tau () gene is a common genetic risk factor for some neurodegenerative diseases such as progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, and Parkinson's disease. The molecular mechanism causing the increased risk for the named diseases, however, remains unclear. In this paper, we present a valuable tool of eight small molecule neural precursor cell lines (smNPC) homozygous for the haplotypes (four H1/H1 and four H2/H2 cell lines), which can be used to identify -dependent phenotypes.

Relationship between Fried's frailty phenotype and oral frailty in long-term care residents.

Background: oral frailty (OFr) may be called a syndrome lacking a consensus on its definition.

Objective: the aim was to prove the relationship between OFr to the phenotype of frailty, general health and nutrition in long-term care.

Design: the FINnish ORAL Health Study in Long-Term Care study is a cross-sectional clinical research comprising findings on oral and general health and nutrition.