Reliability of Symbolic Analysis of Heart Rate Variability and Its Changes During Sympathetic Stimulation in Elite Modern Pentathlon Athletes: A Pilot Study.

Background And Purpose: Most studies on heart rate variability (HRV) in professional athletes concerned linear, time-, and frequency-domain indices, and there is lack of studies on non-linear parameters in this group. The study aimed to determine the inter-day reliability, and group-related and individual changes of short-term symbolic dynamics (SymDyn) measures during sympathetic nervous system activity (SNSa) stimulation among elite modern pentathletes.

Methods: Short-term electrocardiographic recordings were performed in stable measurement conditions with a 7-day interval between tests.

Fan Cooling Improves Submaximal Exercise Capacity in an Indoor Thermoneutral Environment.

We compared physiological and perceptual responses to submaximal, moderate-vigorous, heart rate-based cycle ergometry with and without a fan. Sixteen recreationally active adults (25 ± 3 years; 8 men and 8 women) participated in the study. After an initial visit to assess cardiorespiratory fitness, each participant performed two 40-min training sessions on a cycle ergometer, either with or without a fan (~4 m/s), while workload was continually adjusted to elicit and maintain 70% of heart rate reserve.

Physical fitness, but not physical activity, is associated with mental health in apparently healthy young adults.

Background: The prevalence of mental health disorders is rising globally. Despite the popularity of exercise as a strategy to improve mental health in individuals with anxiety or depression, there is a paucity of literature on this topic in apparently healthy young individuals who are free from mental illness.

Methods: We characterized relationships between actigraphy-derived physical activity levels and cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O2max; via maximal graded exercise testing), with mental health assessed using psychometric questionnaires (POMS and PSS) in apparently healthy young adults (26±4.

The Influence of Hip Flexion and Isokinetic Velocity on Hamstrings-Quadriceps Strength Ratios in Healthy Females.

: Measurements of the concentric hamstrings-quadriceps strength ratio (Hc:Qc) are almost exclusively recorded in the upright, seated position (hip flexion 80-100°) on an isokinetic dynamometer at angular velocities ranging from 30°/s to 360°/s. Further, there is a scarcity of data examining Hc:Qc ratio in females. : To compare the effects of hip-flexion position (0°, 45°, and 90°) and isokinetic velocity (60°/s, 180°/s, and 300°/s) on knee-extension and knee-flexion torques and the Hc:Qc ratio of females.

Heart Rate Variability-Guided Training for Enhancing Cardiac-Vagal Modulation, Aerobic Fitness, and Endurance Performance: A Methodological Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to establish whether heart rate variability (HRV)-guided training enhances cardiac-vagal modulation, aerobic fitness, or endurance performance to a greater extent than predefined training while accounting for methodological factors.

Methods: We searched Web of Science Core Collection, Pubmed, and Embase databases up to October 2020. A random-effects model of standardized mean difference (SMD) was estimated for each outcome measure.

Creating the Components for Teaching Concepts.

An important dimension of Direct Instruction (DI) programs involves teaching conceptual behavior related to broadly applicable generalizations of a content domain. The current article outlines the necessary components for teaching a concept in any domain. The first step (1) is to conduct a concept analysis of the critical features that define the concept, as well as the features that vary from instance to instance of the concept.

Introduction to the Special Section: Precision Teaching: Discoveries and Applications.

The current article provides an introduction to the special section in focusing on precision teaching and standard celeration charting. This particular section highlights recent advancements and discoveries made using the standard celeration chart. Drs.

Perceived Pain Responses to Foam Rolling Associate with Basal Heart Rate Variability.

Background: Foam rolling (FR) is a self-myofascial release technique with unclear effects on autonomic functioning, indexed by heart rate variability (HRV). FR can be perceived as painful or relaxing, which may explain interindividual HRV responses.

Purpose: To determine if acute FR alters resting HRV.

Behind the Mask: Emotion Recognition in Healthcare Students.

Current widespread facemask usage profoundly impacts clinical practice and healthcare education where communicational dimensions are essential to the care and teaching processes. As part of a larger study, 208 medical and nursing students were randomly assigned to a masked vs unmasked version of the standardized facial emotion recognition task DANVA2. A significantly higher number of errors existed in the masked vs unmasked condition.

Epigenetic potential affects immune gene expression in house sparrows.

Epigenetic mechanisms may play a central role in mediating phenotypic plasticity, especially during range expansions, when populations face a suite of novel environmental conditions. Individuals may differ in their epigenetic potential (EP; their capacity for epigenetic modifications of gene expression), which may affect their ability to colonize new areas. One form of EP, the number of CpG sites, is higher in introduced house sparrows () than in native birds in the promoter region of a microbial surveillance gene, Toll-like Receptor 4 (), which may allow invading birds to fine-tune their immune responses to unfamiliar parasites.

Cardiac-autonomic and hemodynamic responses to a hypertonic, sugar-sweetened sports beverage in physically active men.

Hydration practices may confound heart rate variability (HRV) measurements when collected in the pre-training period. We aimed to determine the effects of ingesting a hypertonic, sugar-sweetened sports beverage on HRV and hemodynamic parameters in physically active young men. Fifteen subjects consumed 591 mL of Gatorade (6% carbohydrate, ∼330 mOsmol/kg), 591 mL water, or 10 mL water (control) in random order on separate days following overnight fasting.

Evidence for the Contribution of Gut Microbiota to Age-Related Anabolic Resistance.

Globally, people 65 years of age and older are the fastest growing segment of the population. Physiological manifestations of the aging process include undesirable changes in body composition, declines in cardiorespiratory fitness, and reductions in skeletal muscle size and function (i.e.

Changes in Short-Term and Ultra-Short Term Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate, and Time-Domain Heart Rate Variability Parameters during Sympathetic Nervous System Activity Stimulation in Elite Modern Pentathlonists-A Pilot Study.

Monitoring of markers reflecting cardiac autonomic activity before and during stressful situations may be useful for identifying the physiological state of an athlete and may have medical or performance implications. The study aimed to determine group and individual changes in short-term (5 min) and ultra-short-term (1 min) heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RespRate), and time-domain heart rate variability (HRV) parameters during sympathetic nervous system activity (SNSa) stimulation among professional endurance athletes. Electrocardiographic recordings were performed in stable measurement conditions (Baseline) and during SNSa stimulation via isometric handgrip in 12 elite modern pentathlonists.

A Pilot Study of the Reliability and Agreement of Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate and Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in Elite Modern Pentathlon Athletes.

Research on reliability of heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in athletes has received increasing attention. The aims of this study were to examine the inter-day reliability of short-term (5 min) and ultra-short-term (1 min) heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RespRate) and HRV parameters, agreement between short-term and ultra-short-term parameters, and association between differences in HR, RespRate and HRV parameters in elite modern pentathletes. Electrocardiographic recordings were performed in stable measurement conditions with a week interval between tests.

Suitability of Ultra-Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in Military Trainees.

We aimed to (a) evaluate the agreement between ultra-short-term and criterion resting heart rate variability (HRV) measures in military trainees, and (b) compare associations between HRV recording lengths and body composition. HRV recordings were performed for 10 min in 27 military male students. Mean RR interval, the root-mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), RMSSD:RR interval ratio, standard deviation of normal-to-normal RR intervals (SDNN), and SDNN:RR interval ratio were determined from the last 5 min of the 10-min recording and considered the criterion.

Biomechanical analysis of the closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test in healthy young adults.

Objectives: To compare kinematic and ground reaction force (GRF) patterns between the dominant and non-dominant limbs in males and females conducting the closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test (CKCUEST).

Design: Descriptive.

Setting: Biomechanics laboratory.

Application of Cut-Points for Low Muscle Strength and Lean Mass in Mobility-Limited Older Adults.

Background: The Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) is a collaborative initiative seeking to develop and evaluate cut-points for low muscle strength and lean mass that predict an increased risk for slowness (usual walking speed <.8 m/s) among older adults.

Objectives: The goal of the present study was to provide clinicians and researchers with an understanding of the diagnostic implications of using SDOC variables and cut-points in mobility-limited older adults.

Physiological Predictors of Performance on the CrossFit "Murph" Challenge.

We examined physiological predictors of performance on the CrossFit Murph challenge (1-mile run, 100 pullups, 200 pushups, 300 air squats, 1-mile run). Male CrossFit athletes ( = 11, 27 ± 3 years) performed a battery of physical assessments including: (1) body composition, (2) upper and lower body strength, (3) upper body endurance, (4) anaerobic power, and (5) maximal oxygen consumption. No less than 72 h later, participants completed the Murph challenge, heart rate was monitored throughout, and blood lactate was obtained pre-post.

Comparison of balance performance between masters Olympic weightlifters and runners.

Balance disorders are a common problem among older adults that greatly increase susceptibility for falls and fractures. Aerobically trained older (masters) athletes tend to exhibit superior balance abilities compared to that of healthy age-matched counterparts. Olympic weightlifting involves tremendous power production and motor skill coordination throughout the body which may prompt unique sensory information acquisition and integration adaptations.

Heart Rate Variability in College Football Players throughout Preseason Camp in the Heat.

We aimed to characterize cardiac-autonomic responses to a 13-day preseason camp in the heat among an American college football team. Players were categorized as linemen (n=10) and non-linemen (n=18). RHR, natural logarithm of the root-mean square of successive differences multiplied by twenty (LnRMSSD), and subjective wellbeing (LnWellness) were acquired daily.

Self-reported sleep quality is associated with central hemodynamics in healthy individuals.

Background: Insufficient sleep is associated with arterial stiffness and elevated cardiovascular disease risk. Central hemodynamics are influenced by arterial stiffness, yet independently predict cardiovascular risk. Relationships between sleep characteristics and central hemodynamic parameters are largely unexplored.