Comparative effectiveness of water and salt community-based fluoridation methods in preventing dental caries among schoolchildren.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of water and salt community-based fluoridation methods on caries experience among schoolchildren.

Methods: Data derived from two population-based oral health surveys of 12-year-old schoolchildren exposed to different community-based fluoridation methods were compared: artificially fluoridated water in Porto Alegre, South Brazil and artificially fluoridated salt in Montevideo, Uruguay. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, maternal education and oral hygiene were collected.

Modified Occlusal Rim Design and Use of Phonetics to Determine Anterior Tooth Position and Vertical Dimension: A Clinical Report.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous patients can sometimes pose many clinical challenges for the clinician. The importance of correct vertical and horizontal positioning of the anterior teeth so that the completed denture is esthetically pleasing while being functionally correct has been well documented in the literature. Different techniques have been proposed whereby a conventional occlusal rim is used.

Oral candidiasis following steroid therapy for oral lichen planus.

Objectives: The purpose of this multicentre study was to determine the incidence of oral candidiasis in patients treated with topical steroids for oral lichen planus (OLP) and to determine whether the application of a concurrent antifungal therapy prevented the development of an oral candidiasis in these patients.

Materials And Methods: Records of 315 patients with OLP seen at four Oral Medicine practices treated for at least 2 weeks with steroids with and without the use of an antifungal regimen were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: The overall incidence of oral fungal infection in those treated with steroid therapy for OLP was 13.

A Technique to Facilitate Tooth Modification for Removable Partial Denture Prosthesis Guide Planes.

The technique in this article was developed to provide a means to create prepared guide planes of proper dimension to ensure a more stable and retentive removable partial denture prosthesis (RPDP) framework when providing this service for a patient. Using commonly found clinical materials, a paralleling device can be fabricated from the modified diagnostic cast of the patient's dental arch requiring an RPDP. Polymethyl methacrylate or composite added to an altered thermoplastic form can be positioned intraorally and used as a guide to predictably adjust tooth structure for guide planes.

Effectiveness and feasibility of utilizing E4D technology as a teaching tool in a preclinical dental education environment.

Recent efforts have been directed towards utilizing CAD/CAM technology in the education of future dentists. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the feasibility of implementing CAD/CAM technology in instruction on preparing a tooth for restoration. Students at one dental school were assigned access to CAD/CAM technology vs.

Effect of rhBMP-2 dose on bone formation/maturation in a rat critical-size calvarial defect model.

Background: Application of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) has been associated with significant adverse events in craniofacial settings, including swelling and seroma formation. Recent work has demonstrated an inverse relationship between bone formation/maturation and rhBMP-2 dose, frequency/severity of adverse events increasing with rising dose.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the most effective dose for rhBMP-2 soak-loaded onto an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier for bone formation/maturation using an established defect model.

Growth/differentiation factor-5: pre-clinical and clinical evaluations of periodontal regeneration and alveolar augmentation--review.

Aim: Growth/differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plays critical roles in mesenchymal cell differentiation and stimulates human periodontal ligament cell proliferation. Potentially, GDF-5 may also play roles in wound healing including periodontal regeneration and alveolar augmentation. The objective of this review was to provide up-to-date information from pre-clinical/clinical studies evaluating GDF-5 for these indications.

Prevalence of ciliated epithelium in apical periodontitis lesions.

Introduction: This article reports on the morphologic features and the frequency of ciliated epithelium in apical cysts and discusses its origin.

Methods: The study material consisted of 167 human apical periodontitis lesions obtained consecutively from patients presenting for treatment during a period of 12 years in a dental practice operated by one of the authors. All of the lesions were obtained still attached to the root apices of teeth with untreated (93 lesions) or treated canals (74 lesions).

Transient hiccups associated with oral dexamethasone.

Hiccups, or singulata (hiccup is singultus), are commonly experienced by most people at one time or another and are usually brief and self-limiting. Although pharmacotherapeutic agents are not generally considered causal in the etiology of hiccups, many clinicians empirically associate episodic hiccups in their patients as being drug induced. The two classes of drugs most often cited as causing hiccups are corticosteroids and benzodiazepines.

Evaluation of a compression resistant matrix for recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2.

Background: Previous studies document the therapeutic potential of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier for indications in the axial and appendicular skeleton. Nevertheless, the ACS does not comprise structural integrity to adequately support bone formation for onlay indications. The objective of this study was to evaluate local bone formation and osseointegration following surgical implantation of rhBMP-2 soak-loaded onto a compression resistant matrix (CRM).

In vitro assessment of three types of zirconia implant abutments under static load.

Statement Of Problem: Although various zirconia abutments have been introduced, insufficient data exist regarding the maximum load capacity of internal tri-channel connection zirconia implant abutments with various implant-abutment interfaces.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the maximum load capacity of 3 different types of internal tri-channel connection zirconia abutments and to assess their mode of failure.

Material And Methods: The study investigated 3 groups (n=20) of zirconia implant abutments with different implant-abutment interfaces.

Events of wound healing/regeneration in the canine supraalveolar periodontal defect model.

Aim: The objective of this research was to elucidate early events in periodontal wound healing/regeneration using histological and immunohistochemical techniques.

Methods: Routine critical-size, supraalveolar, periodontal defects including a space-providing titanium mesh device were created in 12 dogs. Six animals received additional autologous blood into the defect prior to wound closure.

Comparative study of Chinese hamster ovary cell versus Escherichia coli-derived bone morphogenetic protein-2 using the critical-size supraalveolar peri-implant defect model.

Background: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) has been introduced for spine, long bone, and craniofacial indications. Escherichia coli- (E. coli) derived rhBMP-2 displays comparable efficacy to CHO cell-derived rhBMP-2 in vitro and in small-animal models.