Bioethical and critical consciousness in clinical translational neuroscience.

Clinical translational neuroscience (CTN) is positioned to generate novel discoveries for advancing treatments for mental health disorders, but it is held back today by the siloing of bioethical considerations from critical consciousness. In this article, we suggest that bioethical and critical consciousness can be paired to intersect with structures of power within which science and clinical practice are conducted. We examine barriers to the adoption of neuroscience findings in mental health from this perspective, especially in the context of current collective attention to widespread disparities in the access to and outcomes of mental health services, lack of representation of marginalized populations in the relevant sectors of the workforce, and the importance of knowledge that draws upon multicultural perspectives.

The Prognostic Value of Circulating Cytokines and Complete Blood Count-Based Inflammatory Markers in COVID-19 Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a high burden of cardiovascular disease, which has been worsened during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between clinical markers, especially interleukin-6 (IL-6) and other inflammatory biomarkers, and the severity of COVID-19 in patients with AF.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study categorized patients based on clinical presentations and laboratory results to investigate the prognostic significance of inflammatory markers in COVID-19 outcomes among those with AF.

Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy Provides Lasting and Effective Results in the Treatment of Depression, Anxiety, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder at 3 and 6 Months: Findings from a Large Retrospective Effectiveness Study.

Importance: Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP) is an emerging treatment option to alleviate treatment-resistant affective disorders, but its long-term effectiveness remains unclear.

Objective: To examine the treatment effects of KAP on anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at 1, 3, and 6 months post-treatment.

Design Setting And Participants: This retrospective effectiveness study included self-reported outcomes from adults with a history of major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or PTSD who had not responded to prior treatment interventions and received KAP administered across 11 Field Trip Health clinics in North America between March 13, 2020, and June 16, 2022.

Preference for Long-Acting Injectable PrEP Compared With Daily Oral PrEP Among Transgender Women in the U.S.: Findings From a Multisite Cohort.

Introduction: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among transgender women in the U.S. has not reached levels optimal to change the trajectory of the HIV epidemic owing to multilevel barriers.

High-Speed 3D Printing Coupled with Machine Learning to Accelerate Alloy Development for Additive Manufacturing.

Developing novel alloys for 3D printing of metals is a time- and resource-intensive challenge. High-throughput 3D printing and material characterization protocols are used in this work to rapidly screen a wide range of chemical compositions and processing conditions. In situ, alloying of high-strength steel with pure Al in the targeted range of 0-10 wt.

Mechano-Driven Neuromimetic Logic Gates Established by Geometrically Asymmetric Hydrogel Iontronics.

The human brain's neural network demonstrates exceptional efficiency in information processing and recognition, driving advancements in neuromimetic devices that emulate neuronal functions such as signal integration and parallel transmission. A key challenge remains in replicating these functions while minimizing energy consumption. Here, inspired by neuronal signal integration and axonal bidirectional transmission, mechano-driven hydrogel logic gates leveraging the piezoionic effect is presented, offering a novel bionic approach with significantly reduced power consumption.

High-resolution genetic and physical mapping reveals a peanut spotted wilt disease resistance locus, PSWDR-1, to Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), within a recombination cold-spot on chromosome A01.

Background: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a vital global crop, frequently threatened by both abiotic and biotic stresses. Among the most damaging biotic stresses is Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), which causes peanut spotted wilt disease resulting in significant yield loss.

Electron Transfer Energetics in Photoelectrochemical CO Reduction at Viologen Redox Polymer-Modified p-Si Electrodes.

While redox polymer-mediated catalysis at silicon photoelectrodes has been studied since the 1980s, there have been few detailed studies of these materials in photoelectrochemical CO reduction. Here, we develop silicon photoelectrodes functionalized with a viologen-based polymer that mediates the formation of catalytic gold nanoparticles. The presence of gold was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the nanoparticles were imaged with high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM).

Decoding the Neural Dynamics of Headed Syntactic Structure Building.

The brain builds hierarchical phrases during language comprehension; however, the representational details and dynamics of the phrase-building process remain underspecified. This study directly probes whether the neural code of verb phrases involves reactivating the syntactic property of a key subcomponent (the "head" verb). To this end, we train a part-of-speech sliding-window neural decoder (verb vs.

Fatal toxoplasmosis in a wild snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) and eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) from the eastern United States.

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease that exemplifies the One Health interface due to its global distribution and diversity of hosts in which it can infect and potentially cause disease. While T. gondii, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, has been well-described in many wildlife taxa, including wild and domestic birds and mammals, there is limited published research on clinical disease in wild lagomorphs and rodents.

Medical treatment for pelvic congestion syndrome with flavonoid: A pilot study.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of medical management by flavonoid in women with pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) by comparison of the changes in venous size and quality of life (QoL) before and after treatment.

Materials And Methods: Eleven women who met the diagnostic criteria of PCS were enrolled in the study. Flavonoid 500 mg twice or 1000 mg once daily was prescribed.

Environmental context influences visual processing in thalamus.

Behavioral state modulates neural activity throughout the visual system. This is largely due to changes in arousal that alter internal brain states. Much is known about how these internal factors influence visual processing, but comparatively less is known about the role of external environmental contexts.

Parents' experiences of accessing childhood vaccination services in England: A qualitative longitudinal cohort study.

Background: In England, declining childhood vaccine uptake and related inequalities are causes for concern. Existing evidence suggests challenges accessing services contribute to this decline. This is particularly true for parents facing socioeconomic disadvantage.

Does joint hypermobility exacerbate altered landing and jumping strategies in adolescents with fibromyalgia syndrome compared to controls?

Background: Joint hypermobility is common in children and persists in various genetic and connective tissue disorders, including conditions characterized by chronic musculoskeletal pain (i.e. Juvenile Fibromyalgia Syndrome), which involves movement dysfunction.

Compromised Intestinal Barrier Resilience to Disruption in People with HIV.

People with HIV (PWH) experience chronic intestinal barrier dysfunction which contributes to chronic inflammation and its comorbidities. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. We hypothesize that living with HIV compromises the intestinal barrier's resilience to injurious agents, increasing susceptibility to leakage upon exposure to disruptors.

Promoting language and literacy through shared book reading in the NICU: A scoping review.

Background: Infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are at a heightened risk for language and literacy delays and disorders. Despite the well-established empirical support for early shared reading, the available evidence to date has been scant, revealing mixed results. This study sought to characterize current research on shared reading in the NICU using a scoping review methodology.

Pregnancy and liver-related outcomes after alcohol-associated hepatitis: A global multicenter study.

Background: The incidence of alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is rising in women of reproductive age. While the adverse effects of alcohol on pregnancy are well documented, there is limited data on pregnancy in women with a history of AH.

Methods: This study was completed by using the TriNetX Research Network.

The Effect of Season and Breed on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Hormones, Metabolic Hormones, and Oxidative Markers in Ponies and Horses.

Background: Endocrine function in ponies differs from horses, with seasonally increased concentrations of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and an increased risk of insulin dysregulation.

Hypothesis: (1) Season and breed differences exist in concentrations of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and metabolic hormones; and (2) systemic oxidative status is significantly different between ponies and horses and correlates with endocrine hormones.

Animals: Thirty-four healthy Welsh ponies and 14 healthy Quarter horses.

Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease Prevalence by Race and Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, Urbanicity, and Social Determinants of Health Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Diabetes.

Introduction: The association between various disparity factors and cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence among older US adults with diabetes has not been comprehensively explored. We examined disparities in CVD prevalence among Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes.

Methods: Data were from the 2015-2019 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey.

Disparities in Preventive Care Utilization at the Intersection of Socioeconomic and Demographic Characteristics: A Survival Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake in the United States.

Context: Vaccination coverage against COVID-19 varied across populations. While previous studies primarily documented disparities at a point of time, how uptake rates evolved over time across categories of socioeconomic status (SES) is less visited.

Objective: This study utilizing timing (month and year) of the first dose of COVID-19 vaccination, assessed the differences in vaccination progress by different categories of SES across demographic groups in the United States (US).

Generation and modification of human locomotor EMG activity when walking faster and carrying additional weight.

In activities of daily living, people walk at different speeds with or without carrying additional loads. In this study, we sought to examine how human adults manage these commonly encountered additional demands during walking. We measured electromyography (EMG), triceps surae H-reflexes, joint motion and ground reaction forces (GRF) while participants walked at 1.

Continuous Ranibizumab via Port Delivery System vs Monthly Ranibizumab for Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema: The Pagoda Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Frequent visits and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections are often required to manage diabetic macular edema (DME), burdening patients and their health care networks. The Port Delivery System (PDS) with ranibizumab is the first continuous anti-VEGF therapy that has the potential to reduce visit and treatment burden without sacrificing vision outcomes for patients with DME.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety through 64 weeks of ranibizumab, 100 mg/mL, via PDS with refill exchanges every 24 weeks (PDS Q24W) in patients with DME vs intravitreal injections of ranibizumab, 0.