Passive neck brace for surgeons.

A surgeon peers downward into a body cavity when operating. Holding this position for hours across weeks, months, and years may lead to neck pain and musculoskeletal disorders. We were inspired by ungulates such as giraffes and horses, which use dorsal-ventral flexion to graze for 9-14 h per day without perceivable neck pain.

Azaphenothiazine Conjugates: A New Class of Antimicrobial Compounds.

Although phenothiazines have been widely explored in medicinal chemistry for over a century, little attention has been paid to their pyridine analogs, azaphenothiazines. This article reports the first synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial evaluation of S-oxide analogs of N-aminoalkylated azaphenothiazines as antibacterials and antifungals. The optimized synthetic protocol enabled the production of the desired azaphenothiazine sulfoxides 12a-e and sulfonyls 14a-e, respectively.

Synthesis of Ag@Pd Nanocubes and Pd-based Nanoframes via One-shot Injection of a Halide-free Precursor for Continuous Production in a Flow Reactor.

Noble-metal open nanostructures have remarkable catalytic capabilities toward a wide range of reactions. In particular, Pd-based open nanostructures have been synthesized and validated for superior catalytic performance toward formic acid oxidation. However, most of the syntheses are based on dropwise addition, making it challenging to increase the production volume.

Benzo[a]pyrene in the Mainstream Smoke of Little Cigars.

Little cigars are similar to cigarettes, with respect to dimensions, filters, and overall appearance. Some smokers also use little cigars as substitutes for cigarettes. Comparison of little cigars with cigarettes is relevant to understanding their respective public health impact.

First-in-Human Side-to-Side Duodeno-Ileal Bipartition for Weight Loss and Type 2 Diabetes with the Swallowable Biofragmentable Magnetic Anastomosis System.

Background: Anastomosis creation using a novel magnetic compression technique may provide an alternative minimally invasive approach to gastrointestinal surgery. The biofragmentable magnetic anastomosis system (BMAS) is endo-laparoscopically placed to effect magnetic duodeno-ileostomy (MagDI) bipartition for reduction of weight and type 2 diabetes (T2D). MagDI obviates major risks associated with enterotomy, stapling/suturing, and retained foreign materials.

Hybrid transformer-CNN network-driven optical-scanning undersampling for photoacoustic remote sensing microscopy.

Imaging speed is critical for photoacoustic microscopy as it affects the capability to capture dynamic biological processes and support real-time clinical applications. Conventional approaches for increasing imaging speed typically involve high-repetition-rate lasers, which pose a risk of thermal damage to samples. Here, we propose a deep-learning-driven optical-scanning undersampling method for photoacoustic remote sensing (PARS) microscopy, accelerating imaging acquisition while maintaining a constant laser repetition rate and reducing laser dosage.

Insights of SEDRIC, the Surveillance and Epidemiology of Drug-Resistant Infections Consortium.

The increasing threat from infection with drug-resistant pathogens is among the most serious public health challenges of our time. Formed by Wellcome in 2018, the Surveillance and Epidemiology of Drug-Resistant Infections Consortium (SEDRIC) is an international think tank whose aim is to inform policy and change the way countries track, share, and analyse data relating to drug-resistant infections, by defining knowledge gaps and identifying barriers to the delivery of global surveillance. SEDRIC delivers its aims through discussions and analyses by world-leading scientists that result in recommendations and advocacy to Wellcome and others.

Evaluating the Effect of Video Source and Other Video Characteristics on the Quality, Reliability, Actionability, and Understandability of Videos on Acromioclavicular Joint Repair.

Purpose:  This study aims to evaluate video quality, reliability, actionability, and understandability differences based on length, popularity, and source credentials (physician versus non-physician). The hypothesis suggests that current videos are of low quality and limited usefulness to patients, highlighting significant disparities based on the credentials of the video source.

Methods:  The phrase "acromioclavicular joint separation" was searched on YouTube.

DeVa (Decay Variance): A Novel Score Calculated via Postprocessing the Changes in Signal Intensity of an Intervertebral Disc in a T2* Multi-Echo Magnetic Resonance Image Can Quantify Painful and Degenerate Lumbar Vertebral Discs.

Introduction: Low back pain (LBP), a global disability leader, is often linked to intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Traditional diagnostics like T2-weighted MRI provide qualitative but imprecise evaluations. A novel post-processing MRI technique, Decay Variance (DeVa), has shown promise in differentiating degenerate from healthy discs in animal studies.

Protective biomechanical and histological changes in the false lumen wall in chronic type B aortic dissection.

Objective: The outer false lumen wall (FLW) changes from thin/compliant to thick/rigid as aortic dissection transitions from the acute to chronic phase. This study investigates biomechanical stiffness and histological changes of the FLW as the dissected aorta ages.

Methods: The free outer FLW from human tissue was analyzed from chronic type B dissection (chronic-FLW) n = 10, acute type A dissection (acute-FLW) n = 10, and transplant donor descending aorta that was manually peeled into 2 layers (control-FLW) n = 17.

Novel Mechanical Aspiration Thrombectomy in Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Results From the Prospective APEX-AV Trial.

Background: There is a need for additional data to assess procedural efficacy and risks associated with mechanical thrombectomy for treating pulmonary embolism (PE) due to its increased utilization and diversity of patient populations presenting with PE. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of percutaneous mechanical aspiration thrombectomy with the AlphaVac F18 System (AngioDynamics) in patients with acute intermediate-risk PE.

Methods: Patients with acute intermediate-risk PE and a right ventricular (RV)/left ventricular (LV) diameter ratio of ≥0.

Health and Economic Impact of COVID-19 Surveillance Testing in Seattle Homeless Shelters: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

Introduction: COVID-19 surveillance in congregate settings is important to mitigating disease, but the health and economic impact of testing remains unclear.

Methods: The authors developed a Markov model to project the cost-utility of COVID-19 testing strategies in homeless shelters from the healthcare payer and societal perspective over 1 year. Model inputs utilized data from residents aged ≥18 years across 23 Seattle shelters from January 1, 2020, to May 31, 2021.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the heart: a rare case report of an aggressive cardiac sarcoma mimicking myxoma.

Background: Primary cardiac tumours are rare, with an incidence ranging from 0.001% to 0.03%.

Glycogen is a neutral cargo of bulk autophagy in .

Glycogen is a primary cellular energy store in numerous eukaryotes. Its biosynthesis is a main strategy to cope with forthcoming starvation. During starvation, glycogen is processed in the cytosol or delivered for degradation to animal lysosomes or yeast vacuoles by macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy).

Combined fluorescent hybridization and F--EdU staining on whole mount .

is a parasitic tapeworm that utilizes rats as hosts and offers advantages over human parasitic tapeworms and free-living flatworms as a model system to study the biology and pathology of helminth infections. is minimally infectious to humans, easy to maintain in the lab, demonstrates impressive growth, regeneration, and reproductive capabilities, and is amenable to loss-of-function manipulations. As an emerging model, tool development is critical to increasing the utility of this system.

A Comparative Analysis of Cockroach and Mosquito, Octopamine Receptor Homologues Produced Using Chimera, Swiss-Model, and AlphaFold Molecular Modeling Tools.

Homology modeling can help bridge the gap between missing 3D structures and available primary sequences of protein. More environmentally friendlier insecticides against domestic nuisance can target the octopamine receptor proteins, only expressed in invertebrates. Herein, octopamine receptor homologues from and , which do not have tertiary structures in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), were built using homology modeling and evaluated with various molecular modeling tools.

"Recovery is about change, so you have to change everything": Exploring the evolution of recovery capital among women in substance use disorder treatment.

is a framework in addiction research aiming to understand substance use disorder recovery holistically by considering individuals' access to resources across the four domains of human, physical, social, and community capital. Each domain is opposed by negative capital. The underrepresentation of women's experiences in substance use research and the limited understanding of substance use treatment's effect on recovery capital limits our understanding of how treatment programs can support women in developing and maintaining recovery capital.

Fever Among Pertussis Cases Reported Through Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance, 2015-2022.

Fever is not considered a typical presentation of pertussis. We characterized fever among 7840 pertussis cases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance with cough onset from 2015 to 2022. Ten percent of cases had a reported fever.